Sentences with phrase «ribosomes then»
The ribosome then ejects the «empty» tRNA molecule so it can go get another amino acid of the correct type.
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At the next stage, RNA molecules began to synthesize proteins, first by developing RNA adaptor molecules that can bind activated amino acids and then by arranging them according to an RNA template using other RNA molecules such as the RNA core of the ribosome.
These RNA copies can then used to direct protein synthesis, but they can also be used directly as parts of ribosomes or spliceosomes.
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas Steitz and Ada Yonath first determined how to image the ribosome, then revealed how it does its protein - making work
That was surprising, he explains, because «fibrillarin resides deep within the nucleolus of the host cell... [where it] methylates ribosomal RNA molecules, which then go on to form ribosomes,» but its full function may not be completely understood.
They all use RNA molecules as messengers to transfer the information from DNA to cellular factories called ribosomes, which then build proteins, which in turn drive our metabolisms and form the structures of our cells.
When prompted, the tRNA synthetase charges a tRNA with the bio-orthogonal amino acid, which is then used by ribosomes to insert the tag into proteins made in the cell.
For most known genes this «messenger» or mRNA is then shuttled off to a ribosome of a cell where its translation into a protein sequence occurs.
And in fact it very well might be that once the ribosomes cease functioning properly, then anything can cause bees to go under.»
They then separated the cells into two groups — those containing mRNAs associated with ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum, and those containing mRNAs associated with free - floating ribosomes in the neighboring fluid - filled space known as the cytosol.
«You get this small product that is telling you the ribosome can not go through the 8 - oxo - G and then you get even smaller products that are telling you there are multiple ribosomes stuck behind the first ribosome.
Then she deleted the gene for a factor that is recruited to degrade the mRNA after the ribosome is released, and again the level of oxidized mRNA rose.
This genetic code is embodied in long strings of chemical compounds called nucleotides and is copied onto RNA molecules, which then get shipped to ribosomes, biochemical factories where protein molecules are manufactured.
He and his group now plan to enhance still further the resolution attainable with their cryo - electron microscope, and will then use it to investigate the structures of ribosomes that have been brought to a halt by other chemical agents.
This is then directed from the cell nucleus to the ribosomes, which then build the protein from amino acids,» says Choe.
Then the cell's protein - production machinery, the ribosome, reads the four letters of the RNA code in sets of three letters called codons.
These units, which contain detailed instructions for the synthesis of specific proteins, are then read and translated by ribosomes into proteins.
A ribosome looks at the first codon in a messenger RNA strand, finds the right amino acid for that codon, holds it, then looks at the next codon, finds its correct amino acid, stitches it to the first amino acid, then finds the third codon, and so on.
If a toxin is found, for example, that affects an E. coli ribosome but leaves human ribosomes unharmed, then it may be an effective antibiotic.
The power and glory of X-ray crystallography were that it was the first technique to show our eyes what the atomic world really looked like — initially for minerals and simple solids; then for small organic substances; eventually for giant molecules, macromolecular assemblies, and even organelles like the ribosome.
To overcome this challenge, the students altered a sub-unit of curli DNA, called ribosome binding sites (RBS), and then used these modified RBS to specifically tune protein production, explained Erin Kim, A.B.» 19, a molecular and cellular biology concentrator.
The mRNA is released from the nucleus and then enters another cellular body known as a ribosome.
The RNA strand is then moved out of the nucleus where enzyme - like organelles called ribosomes use it as a guide to synthesize chains of amino acids that form the desired protein.