Sentences with phrase «ribosomes use»

The RNA strand is then moved out of the nucleus where enzyme - like organelles called ribosomes use it as a guide to synthesize chains of amino acids that form the desired protein.

This marks the second time in four years that the chemistry Nobel has been awarded to someone working with x-ray crystallography; in 2006 Roger Kornberg took the prize for detailing the structure of messenger RNA, which is the molecule that carries the information the ribosome uses to build proteins, such as insulin or hemoglobin.

When the instructions pair up with a ribosome, the ribosome uses them to assemble a protein.

Not exact matches

This makes me happy: Research on ribosomes by Noller and others has led to the development of novel antibiotics that hold promise for use against drug - resistant bacteria.

At the next stage, RNA molecules began to synthesize proteins, first by developing RNA adaptor molecules that can bind activated amino acids and then by arranging them according to an RNA template using other RNA molecules such as the RNA core of the ribosome.

Steitz and Peter Moore, a biophysical chemist at Yale, had discussed using x-ray crystallography to solve the structure of the ribosome for years.

These RNA copies can then used to direct protein synthesis, but they can also be used directly as parts of ribosomes or spliceosomes.

They all use RNA molecules as messengers to transfer the information from DNA to cellular factories called ribosomes, which then build proteins, which in turn drive our metabolisms and form the structures of our cells.

It's fitting that this year's chemistry prize has been awarded to Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, who used the institute's # 95 million Swiss Light Source for his prize - winning studies on the structure of the ribosome.

The prize will be equally split between biophysicist Venkatraman Ramakrishnan of the MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge in England, biochemist Thomas Steitz of Yale University and molecular biologist Ada Yonath of the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot, Israel, for their work in using x-ray crystallography to get a precise, atomic - scale map of the ribosome — the protein - making machine in all cells with nuclei that makes life possible.

Ramakrishnan further revealed that the ribosome ensures accuracy not only by monitoring the stability of the bonds between amino acids that the ribosome stitches together into proteins but also by using a ruler to check the geometry of the bonds.

The pilot project tested a dozen or so of the most commonly used gene promoters (regions of DNA that facilitate gene transcription) and segments of DNA that encode ribosome - binding sites (sequences of messenger RNA that control protein translation) to determine whether they behave consistently in different cellular contexts.

The following year, Frank prepared ribosomes, cellular structures that help make proteins, using the cryo - EM method.

When prompted, the tRNA synthetase charges a tRNA with the bio-orthogonal amino acid, which is then used by ribosomes to insert the tag into proteins made in the cell.

Using the atomic structures of the large ribosomal subunit fromHaloarcula marismortui and its complexes with two substrate analogs, we establish that the ribosome is a ribozyme and address the catalytic properties of its all - RNA active site.

Graduate student Emily Thomas, synthetic biologist Jonathan Silberg and their colleagues built upon established techniques that attach bio-orthogonal (noninterfering), artificial amino acids to transfer RNA (tRNA), which are used by ribosomes to synthesize proteins.

To find out why, computational biologists came up with a computer model to predict how microbial metabolism and cellular composition change as cell size varies, using details about how much space a bacterium needs for its components — DNA, proteins, and the molecular factories called ribosomes — to function.

He and his group now plan to enhance still further the resolution attainable with their cryo - electron microscope, and will then use it to investigate the structures of ribosomes that have been brought to a halt by other chemical agents.

We report a crystal structure refined to 3.6 angstrom resolution of the ribosome trapped with EF - G in the posttranslocational state using the antibiotic fusidic acid.

STANDING OUT Scientists used to think that ribosomes, molecular machines that build proteins, are identical and interchangeable.

RNA acts as a messenger between DNA and the protein synthesis complexes known as ribosomes, forms vital portions of ribosomes, and acts as an essential carrier molecule for amino acids to be used in protein synthesis.

Using the 58 eggs confiscated in the Folgosa case back in 2003, she and her team searched for short DNA sequences that coded for a piece of the ribosome, the cell's protein - producing factory.

For this study, researchers used an approach called structure - based design to re-engineer how spectinomycin binds to the ribosome.

To guide their design efforts, scientists used a 3 - D model that provided an atomic - level view of spectinomycin bound to the tuberculosis ribosome.

Evgeny Sogorin of the Institute of Protein Research in Moscow and his dancing ribosomes won in the chemistry category and the People's Choice Award went to Emmanuelle Alaluf at the Free University of Brussels for a video on the use of an enzyme to improve anti-tumor immune response.

Using cryo - electron microscopy to study the structure of such ribosome - mRNA complexes, the researchers were able to show the manner in which special rescue proteins (Dom34 and Hbs1) recognize such stalled ribosomes, thereby initiating the splitting of the arrested complex and the degradation of the faulty mRNA.

Using an elaborate ballroom dance, he focused on the mystery of what prevents ribosomes from «jamming up» as they move along RNA strands expressing genes.

Each of the twenty - one amino acids used by the human body has a tRNA binding partner that carries it to the ribosome where it can be incorporated at the appropriate point into a growing protein.

You can think of translation kind of like what happens when a chef prepares his world - famous chili: the chef (the ribosome) uses his favorite recipe (the RNA instructions) to make the chili (a protein).

To overcome this challenge, the students altered a sub-unit of curli DNA, called ribosome binding sites (RBS), and then used these modified RBS to specifically tune protein production, explained Erin Kim, A.B.» 19, a molecular and cellular biology concentrator.

Dr. Barns, the 2016 recipient in human and mammalian genetics, uses mouse genetics to understand how ribosomes process information to create proteins for different types of cells and tissues.

Using the well - characterized signaling pathway of the phytohormone ethylene and plant - optimized genome - wide ribosome footprinting, we have uncovered a molecular mechanism linking this hormone's perception to the activation of a gene - specific translational control mechanism.

The researchers are currently using the 4D microscope to image the components of cells, such as proteins and ribosomes, the cellular machinery that makes proteins.