Sentences with phrase «risk alleles with»

Common risk alleles with a known association with a condition can inform an individual of an increased or decreased risk of developing the condition in question; however, the degree of certainty is often unknown.

The impact of a common risk allele with disease risk is often modest, as is its impact on clinical care.

Not exact matches

Within three weeks, they had collected the data that would fuel a series of landmark papers showing that the APOE4 allele is associated with a greatly increased risk of Alzheimer's disease.

Additional analysis of UK Biobank data from 112,338 people of European ancestry revealed that a specific form of rs9349379 known as the G allele, which was present in 36 % of these individuals, was associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease.

Reviewing thousands of genome wide associate studies (GWAS) to identify genetic variants in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), investigators at Dartmouth's Norris Cotton Cancer Center found that some alleles (one of a pair of genes located on a specific chromosome) are more frequently risk - associated with disease than protective.

«With respect to disease, alleles can be categorized into being risk or protective ones.

Women with two copies of s fared even worse: They had bones that were 4 % less dense — and faced a 280 % higher risk of fracture — than did women without any s alleles, says team member Andre Uitterlinden, a molecular geneticist at Erasmus University in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

The study found that among those at low risk for depression, the «S» (short) allele is associated with a thinner cortex than those with the «L» (long) allele.

Having this allele reduces the risk of severe malaria by about 40 % in Kenyan children, with a slightly smaller effect across all the other populations studied.

In addition, in two of the datasets where researchers had age - of - onset data for age - related diseases, they found that certain longevity alleles also were significantly associated with reduced risks for cardiovascular disease and hypertension.

Bond said although the G allele increases testicular cancer risk, it may explain why testicular tumors are often easily cured with chemotherapy.

Performing genetic studies in multiple human populations can identify disease risk alleles that are common in one population but rare in others, with the potential to illuminate pathophysiology, health disparities, and the population genetic origins of disease alleles.

We have developed genetic specific risk curves for patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment, a condition where the APOE e4 allele is associated with more rapid progression to AD and differential response to certain pharmacological treatments.

In contrast, more than 70 other common alleles have been associated with breast cancer susceptibility, most of which confer only a mild to moderate increase in risk.

However, in subgroup analyses stratified by age, we found that the deletion allele was associated with increased risk for lung cancer among individuals < 50 years of age (OR 2.17, CI 1.19 - 3.97), and that the association was gradually reduced with increasing age (p = 0.01).

Alleles associated with lower levels of low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL - C) have recently been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D), highlighting the complex relationship between LDL - C and diabetes.

We imputed these variants into 104,220 individuals down to a minor allele frequency of 0.1 % and found a recessive frameshift mutation in MYL4 that causes early - onset atrial fibrillation, several mutations in ABCB4 that increase risk of liver diseases and an intronic variant in GNAS associating with increased thyroid - stimulating hormone levels when maternally inherited.

This observation begs the question whether LDL - C - raising alleles are associated with a decreased risk of T2D.

Another group at increased CVD risk are those with one or two copies of the apoE4 allele (gene).

11 ApoE4 heterozygotes (people with one allele) have a five-fold increased risk of developing AD, and homozygotes (two alleles) are estimated to have a staggering lifetime risk between 50 - 90 percent.12 Despite this seemingly damning genetic heritage, the ApoE4 allele is neither required nor sufficient for development of AD, as 50 percent of people with AD are not carriers, and some E4 homozygotes never develop the disease.13 On the other hand, the other known risk factor — hyperinsulinism — elevates risk by 43 percent independently of ApoE status.

15 In fact, type 2 diabetes (T2D)-- a condition stemming from broken glucose metabolism and insulin signaling — has been identified as an additional risk factor for developing AD.16, 17 Moreover, the pathological changes that occur in AD in the brain physically resemble those seen in the pancreas and vasculature in T2D.9, 18 Type 2 diabetics who carry ApoE4 alleles are at the greatest risk for AD, with an even more severe risk reserved for those treated with exogenous insulin.19 This suggests that either T2D or related features of the metabolic syndrome bring about AD, or that they are separate consequences of the same underlying cause — and moreover, that insulin is a key factor.

Thus, unless you are part of the minority of the population that carries the APOE4 allele, a polymorphism that confers increased risk with saturated fat consumption, there is no reason to avoid coconut oil or saturated fat (Barberger - Gateau et al., 2011).

When participants were stratified by CYP1A2 genotype, the increased risk of MI associated with coffee intake was observed only among carriers of the slow * 1F allele (P =.04 for gene × coffee interaction).

They found that those with particular alleles of these genes may take as much as 25 % more risk than individuals without.

It is well known that purebred dog breeds are associated with differing susceptibility to specific malignancies, suggesting that selected breeds of dog are inheriting «at risk» alleles for very few genes, perhaps even a single gene, with a profound effect.

This could explain why some dogs that carry only one copy of the IG - PRA1 risk allele are diagnosed with PRA - they may be carrying two forms of the disease.

These dogs are very likely to develop PRA associated with the IG - PRA1 risk allele by the time they reach 5 - 7 years of age.

It must be noted however that a subset of PRA - affected Italian Greyhounds in the study carried only one copy of the IG - PRA1 risk allele, suggesting that the disease may represent a mode of inheritance called «Autosomal Dominant with Incomplete Penetrance» (ADIP).

All Italian Greyhounds that were homozygous for the IG - PRA1 risk allele were diagnosed with PRA and two copies of the risk allele were never observed in any Italian Greyhounds with normal eye exams (at the risk age or older).

At least one other form of PRA that is not associated with the IG - PRA1 risk allele is present in the Italian Greyhound.

CARRIERS may be at increased risk of developing PRA associated with IG - PRA1 risk allele.

NORMAL dogs are at VERY LOW RISK of being affected with PRA associated with IG - PRA1 risk allRISK of being affected with PRA associated with IG - PRA1 risk allrisk allele.

Another clear recommendation is that Italian Greyhounds that have been diagnosed clinically with PRA should not be bred, regardless of how many copies (0,1 or 2) of the IG - PRA1 risk allele they carry because it is possible that their PRA is due to another, as yet uncharacterized, form of PRA.

One approach, developed largely in collaboration with Dr. Elaine Ostrander at the National Human Genome Research Institute of the National Institutes of Health and Dr. Kerstin Lindblad - Toh at the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, seeks to map risk alleles in Portuguese Water Dogs, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherds using resources made available by the recent completion of the Canine Genome Project.

The team will investigate whether bloat in German Shepherd Dogs is associated with the same risk alleles and the same microbiome profiles as were seen in Great Danes.

Specific assortments of MHC alleles or haplotypes have been associated with an increased risk for the development of diabetes and auto immune diseases in humans.

Researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have identified three risk alleles in three different genes associated with GDV in Great Danes.

This study found that individuals with the short allele (particularly those with the short / short genotype) were at greater risk for depression when exposed to life stressors such as divorce or the death of a loved one than were long / long individuals.

In this study, measures of the quality and availability of social supports were found to moderate risk for depression associated with a history of maltreatment and the presence of the short (s) allele of the serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5 - HTTLPR).

In the absence of these experiences, the s allele was not associated with an increased risk for psychopathology.

The study also demonstrates that risk for depression associated with the s allele and stressful life events is further moderated by social support quality and availability.

The estimated relative risk for disorganised attachment among children carrying the 7 - repeat allele was four-fold, with the frequency of the 7 - repeat allele being 67 % in disorganised infants as opposed to 20 % in securely attached infants [95], and with 50 % frequencies in the insecure - avoidant and resistant groups.

Evidence from behavioural genetics indicates that the S allele of the serotonin transporter gene (5 - HTTLPR) is associated with increased negative emotion, including heightened anxiety (Sen et al. 2004; Munafò et al. 2005), harm avoidance (Munafò et al. 2005), fear conditioning (Lonsdorf et al. 2009), attentional bias to negative information as well as increased risk for depression in the presence of environmental risk factors (Caspi et al. 2003; Taylor et al. 2006; Uher & McGuffin 2008; see also Munafò et al. 2009).

This direction of the association, however, is concordant with the idea that the minor allele of SNP rs11568817 engenders a risk for higher levels of CU traits, which in turn were found to be associated with lower levels of peripheral serotonin.

As expected, over a twenty - seven - month period, the best predictor of outcomes was the DRD4 × Family Risk × AIM interaction, with the impact of the intervention greatest for youth from contexts of high family risk who had the long - allele genotRisk × AIM interaction, with the impact of the intervention greatest for youth from contexts of high family risk who had the long - allele genotrisk who had the long - allele genotype.