For technology companies, the
risk of injury or
illness is lower
as a
result of the fact that the majority
of its employees work on a computer at a desk.
«No one should use the study's
results as an excuse to keep smoking, which is also a
risk factor for lung disease, heart disease, strokes and many types
of cancer,» explains Jesse Slome, executive director
of the American Association for Critical
Illness Insurance.
Given their typical age
of onset, a broad range
of mental disorders are increasingly being understood
as the
result of aberrations
of developmental processes that normally occur in the adolescent brain.4 — 6 Executive functioning, and its neurobiological substrate, the prefrontal cortex, matures during adolescence.5 The relatively late maturation
of executive functioning is adaptive in most cases, underpinning characteristic adolescent behaviours such
as social interaction,
risk taking and sensation seeking which promote successful adult development and independence.6 However, in some cases it appears that the delayed maturation
of prefrontal regulatory regions leads to the development
of mental
illness, with neurobiological studies indicating a broad deficit in executive functioning which precedes and underpins a range
of psychopathology.7 A recent meta - analysis
of neuroimaging studies focusing on a range
of psychotic and non-psychotic mental
illnesses found that grey matter loss in the dorsal anterior cingulate, and left and right insula, was common across diagnoses.8 In a healthy sample, this study also demonstrated that lower grey matter in these regions was found to be associated with deficits in executive functioning performance.