Sentences with phrase «risk in a longitudinal study»

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To date, results from several longitudinal studies indicate that e-cigarette use among nonsmoking youth increases the likelihood of future use of conventional cigarettes.5 — 10 Specifically, the pooled odds ratio (OR) in a recent meta - analysis of studies of adolescents and young adults (aged 14 — 30) indicates that those who had ever used e-cigarettes were 3.62 times more likely to report using cigarettes at follow - up compared with those who had not used e - cigarettes.11 This finding was robust and remained significant when adjusting for known risk factors associated with cigarette smoking, including demographic, psychosocial, and behavioral variables such as cigarette susceptibility.

The Harvard University study, titled «Dietary Fiber Intake in Young Adults and Breast Cancer Risk», researchers compared the fiber intake of thousands of women in a longitudinal study that began in 1991.

Longitudinal study of bad dreams in preschool - aged children: prevalence, demographic correlates, risk and protective factors.

For example, in two longitudinal studies of high - risk mothers («high - risk» due to low - socioeconomic status, single status, young age at first birth, and a history of abuse), the rate of intergenerational transmission ranged from 45 % (22) to 63 %.

The researchers used data from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation, which has followed participants since their births in the mid-1970s.

The study, led by Mark Pletcher of the University of California, San Francisco, compared the effects of both cigarette and marijuana smoking over a period of 20 years in a group of more than 5,000 adults, part of a longitudinal study called Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA).

Belger also indicated that such «high - risk» mapping studies are currently being conducted at the University of North Carolina in collaboration with Diana Perkins, MD, and collaborators at multiple institutions across the country under the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS).

Cohort studies, the empirical longitudinal research of people with a common characteristic, have played a crucial role in enhancing medical care and have dramatically reduced the risk of early death by revealing potential risk factors and unanticipated dangers.

The research sample in the King's College London study included more than 2,200 British twins from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Sstudy included more than 2,200 British twins from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin StudyStudy.

«Although many guidelines recommend people with diabetes reduce their salt intake to lower the risk of complications, this study is among the first large longitudinal studies to demonstrate the benefits of a low - sodium diet in this population.»

Dr Becker said, «prospective longitudinal studies in occasional users are of great importance to determine biological vulnerability markers, which can help to identify individuals at greatest risk of developing an addiction.»

The researchers used data from the Minnesota Longitudinal Study of Risk and Adaptation, which has followed participants since their births in the mid-1970s.

The research comes from the Infant Brain Imaging Study (IBIS), a collaborative effort by investigators at the Montreal Neurological Institute, and four clinical sites in the United States, coordinated to conduct a longitudinal brain imaging and behavioural study of infants at high risk for auStudy (IBIS), a collaborative effort by investigators at the Montreal Neurological Institute, and four clinical sites in the United States, coordinated to conduct a longitudinal brain imaging and behavioural study of infants at high risk for austudy of infants at high risk for autism.

«These findings clearly indicate the need for further study,» said Dr. Lipshultz, while pointing to one of the study's key conclusions: «Subclinical differences in left ventricular structure and function with specific in - utero antiviral exposures indicate the need for a longitudinal study to assess long - term cardiac risk and cardiac monitoring recommendations.»

«The results from our study are not practice - changing at this time; however, our findings suggest that using a longitudinal (or change over time) screening strategy may be beneficial in post-menopausal women with an average risk of developing ovarian cancer,» said Dr. Lu.

In a longitudinal population - based study, childhood SES, assessed from fathers» occupation or education, was a robust predictor of incident diabetes, especially among women, which had a cumulative risk effect for both childhood SES and adult BMI (98).

Prospective longitudinal voxel - based morphometry study of major depressive disorder in young individuals at high familial risk.

In the present NONA immune longitudinal study, we further examine the previously identified T cell immune risk phenotype (IRP), relative inflammatory activity, morbidity and 2 - year mortality in very old individuals > 90 yearIn the present NONA immune longitudinal study, we further examine the previously identified T cell immune risk phenotype (IRP), relative inflammatory activity, morbidity and 2 - year mortality in very old individuals > 90 yearin very old individuals > 90 years.

These changes are much less obvious in centenarians and most extreme in people whom longitudinal studies have shown to possess an «immune risk profile».

«This award recognises work undertaken in collaboration with several colleagues working on the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study and the Environment - Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study.

In this study, researchers measured leptin levels, body mass index (BMI) and levels of an inflammation marker called C - reactive protein in 172 12 year old children from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal StudIn this study, researchers measured leptin levels, body mass index (BMI) and levels of an inflammation marker called C - reactive protein in 172 12 year old children from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Sstudy, researchers measured leptin levels, body mass index (BMI) and levels of an inflammation marker called C - reactive protein in 172 12 year old children from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Studin 172 12 year old children from the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal StudyStudy.

The participants — who listed their social contacts when they enrolled in the study in 1971, and at several points thereafter — are part of the Framingham Heart Study, a large longitudinal study that has examined heart disease risk factors in that Massachusetts town since study in 1971, and at several points thereafter — are part of the Framingham Heart Study, a large longitudinal study that has examined heart disease risk factors in that Massachusetts town since Study, a large longitudinal study that has examined heart disease risk factors in that Massachusetts town since study that has examined heart disease risk factors in that Massachusetts town since 1948.

Evaluation of the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score to predict type 2 diabetes mellitus in a Colombian population: A longitudinal observational study.

Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular risk factors in older lifelong wine drinkers: the Italian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

In this study, 844 cases and 8069 controls, high soda consumption was associated with an elevated risk for longitudinal limb deficiencies.

The longitudinal study involving 957 Chinese seniors aged 55 years or older has found that regular consumption of tea lowers the risk of cognitive decline in the elderly by 50 per cent, while APOE e4 gene carriers who are genetically at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease may experience a reduction in cognitive impairment risk by as much as 86 per cent.

Fiber intake, age, and other coronary risk factors in men of the Baltimore Longitudinal Study (1959â $ «1975).

Conclusions In this large longitudinal study, we found that depression risk decreases with increasing caffeinated coffee consumption.

Background: The consumption of sweetened beverages, refined foods, and pastries has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of depression in longitudinal studies.

Potential hearing and visual impairment from excessive headphone use and staring at screens are in question, and longitudinal studies are under way to help understand the potential risks in more detail.

Shep's groundbreaking longitudinal study of African American children growing up in the Woodlawn area of Chicago was among the first community studies to identify risk factors for negative health and behavioral outcomes in an urban, minority population.

The National Center for Children in Poverty (NCCP) analyzed national data2 from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study, Kindergarten Cohort (ECLS - K), to assess impact, prevalence and risk factors for chronic early absence.

Following a longitudinal study, NFER produced a case study report which found that if school - based programmes are put in place to support students aged 14 - 16 at risk of temporary disconnection from learning, then the young people's attitudes to school can be improved over time.

In that position she conducted longitudinal research on women and their relationships with their children, children's emotional, intellectual and psychological development, and conducted intervention studies on high risk, urban families.

She has been working with well - known longitudinal cohorts such as the Montreal Longitudinal Cohorts, the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally - representative sample of families with twins in Englanlongitudinal cohorts such as the Montreal Longitudinal Cohorts, the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally - representative sample of families with twins in EnglanLongitudinal Cohorts, the Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Study and the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Twin Study, a nationally - representative sample of families with twins in EnglanLongitudinal Twin Study, a nationally - representative sample of families with twins in England and Wales.

A longitudinal study of risk factors for depressive symptomatology in elderly widowed and married women

Setting At - risk families in North Carolina followed up in a longitudinal study of child maltreatment.

This new meta - analysis seeks to update and expand both Gini and Pozzoli's and Reijntjes and colleagues» meta - analyses3, 12 by (1) including the subsequently published studies that allowed to estimate the risk for psychosomatic problems in children and adolescents who are bullied by peers (ie, cases) compared with nonbullied peers (ie, controls), (2) performing separate meta - analyses of longitudinal and cross-sectional studies, and (3) testing for potential moderators of variation in the magnitude of effect sizes.

To apply this design, we turned to a second sample, the Environmental - Risk Longitudinal Twin Study (E-Risk), where we have been tracking a birth cohort of British twins since their birth in 1994 to 1995 with 96 % retention (SI Appendix).

This is in line with findings from the New York Child Longitudinal Study in which OAD predicted young adult depression, social phobia, and generalized anxiety.3 Together, these findings suggest that the DSM - IV GAD criteria are insufficient for assessing the full range of «generalized anxiety» in children and adolescents and fail to identify anxious children at risk for a range of later disorders.

This longitudinal - prospective study suggests that children experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage, maltreatment, or social isolation are more likely to present risk factors for age - related disease in adulthood, such as depression, inflammation, and the clustering of metabolic risk factors.

By age 27, 5 of the 158 members of their original cohort had died: 2 by suicide, 1 in a car accident, and 1 from a drug overdose.23 Our longitudinal, population - based study confirms that childhood ADHD is associated with significantly increased risk for early death from suicide.

The necessary design elements for studies testing environmentally related risk factors are longitudinal study design, with - in subject comparison, and sufficient power to determine effect sizes.

Longitudinal research studies show that the single strongest precursor of internalising problems in young children is «temperamental inhibition,» manifested as fearfulness and a tendency to withdraw from new situations.15, 16,17,18 Additional known risks for young children's internalising problems are harsh and / or overprotective parenting interactions, and parents» own internalising problems.11, 18,19,20,21,22,23

Methods In a large cohort study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 14541 pregnancies), we aimed to (i) investigate the relative influences of parental postnatal depression and marital conflict on child outcomes and to attempt to determine the pathway (s) of risk; (ii) investigate the impact of two types of antenatal stress (parental depression and marital conflict) on child outcomes; and (iii) determine the relative contributions of antenatal and postnatal study, the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (n = 14541 pregnancies), we aimed to (i) investigate the relative influences of parental postnatal depression and marital conflict on child outcomes and to attempt to determine the pathway (s) of risk; (ii) investigate the impact of two types of antenatal stress (parental depression and marital conflict) on child outcomes; and (iii) determine the relative contributions of antenatal and postnatal Study of Parents and Children (n = 14541 pregnancies), we aimed to (i) investigate the relative influences of parental postnatal depression and marital conflict on child outcomes and to attempt to determine the pathway (s) of risk; (ii) investigate the impact of two types of antenatal stress (parental depression and marital conflict) on child outcomes; and (iii) determine the relative contributions of antenatal and postnatal risk.

Maternal history of child maltreatment and maternal depression risk in the perinatal period: A longitudinal study.

Accordingly, in the present 3 - celled randomized, longitudinal study, we sought to determine whether the addition of a parental monitoring intervention alone or with boosters could enhance (either broaden or sustain or both) the effect of small - group, face - to - face adolescent risk reduction intervention.

In a longitudinal study, Rouse (Rouse, 1998) observed that resilient adolescents had higher self - esteem than their non-resilient peers and that they were less likely to initiate a variety of risk behaviors.

Although this is the first prospective longitudinal study to investigate this mediational hypothesis in a systematic manner, our findings are consistent with previous findings indicating that disruption of interpersonal relationships is a predominant risk factor for suicide10, 13,49 and that interpersonal conflict or separation during adulthood partially mediated an association between neglectful overprotective parenting and subsequent suicide attempts.23 The present findings are also consistent with research indicating that stressful life events mediated the association between childhood adversities and suicidal behavior during adolescence or early adulthood, 8 that suicide is multidetermined, 2 and that youths who experience numerous adversities during childhood and adolescence are at a particularly elevated risk for suicide.18, 22,49

This hypothesis was examined in a longitudinal study of attachment and joint attention skill development in a sample of infants at risk for developmental — behavioral morbidity.