First, competitive interactions often vary among different
rival ejaculates, as well as between different ejaculates and females.
This means estimates of a male's competitive fertilization success are often relative to the specific
rival ejaculates and females he is paired with, rather than reflecting a male's overall fitness compared to the larger population.
Sperm mixed with
rival ejaculates were also more than 20 % faster and swam in straighter lines compared to controls.
When ant queens mate with multiple males their sperm have a single time - window to compete with
rival ejaculates for storage in the reproductive organs of the queens.
Not exact matches
In a series of follow up experiments, the authors found that the increase in sperm motility when mixing
ejaculates was induced by the seminal fluid of
rival males, not by their sperm, and that a similar increase could also be induced by mixing sperm with the reproductive tract fluid of queens.
In many species, the occurrence of female multiple mating (for internal fertilizers) or multi-individual spawning (for external fertilizers) leads to competition for fertilizations among
ejaculates from
rival males (sperm competition).