Valve train Lightweight titanium intake valves are operated by roller
rocker arms with integrated low rolling resistance needle bearings that significantly reduce friction between the cam and the sliding parts.
Titanium intake valves operated by roller
rocker arms with needle bearings and fixed fulcrums contribute to a low - inertia valve train.
Titanium valves, ultra — light weight
rocker arms with a diamond — like coating and a fully integrated lower crankcase that reduces pumping losses at high RPMs combine to provide the driver with overwhelming acceleration right up to the 9,000 rpm redline.
Rocker arms with roller followers were similar to those of the 2.0 liter four - cylinder.
Each rocker arm has a slipper follower mounted to
the rocker arm with a spring, allowing the slipper - follower to freely move up and down with the high lobe without affecting the rocker arm.
Not exact matches
If you nurse in a
rocker or glider chair, you can leave a baby blanket or burp cloth draped over the
arm of the chair on the side you started
with last.
Flat pad
with raised borders offers a safe and cozy napper environment and cute musical toy hangs off the
Rocker's adjustable
arm.
Life
with a baby and a toddler was a lot busier than life
with a singleton, and I didn't have the luxury of spending hours sitting in the glider
rocker nursing or lying on the floor watching my baby wave her
arms in the air.
It comes
with a bonus of
rocker seat cushion, back cushion and
arm pads.
It comes
with an all metal CNC
rocker arm and a left - right interchangeable soft - touch handle.
Place your
arms on the
arms of the
rocker and roll the
arms into the chest, then
with the abs engaged push the
arms forward.
OHV which means Over Head Valve (the cam is usually in the block, below the valves and acts upon the valves
with pushrods and
rocker arms) An example of this being the Austin Morris A-series engine as found in the original Mini.
The pushrods are installed in their correct locations and
rocker arms are properly torqued to 11 foot pounds
with an extra 30 degree turn according to my service manual.
SVT modifications on the Mustang GT's 5.0 - liter block include GT - 40 style cylinder heads
with special valves and roller
rocker arms, a unique intake manifold, camshaft and exhaust among other things.
If you have
rocker arms you will adjust clearance
with a pin and lock nut.
Or, to deactivate the valves and leave them closed, the pins are pushed in a direction that allow part of the intake and exhaust
rocker arms to move
with the camshaft and not move the closed valves.
In basic form, the single cam lobe and follower /
rocker arm of a conventional engine is replaced
with a locking multi-part
rocker arm and two cam profiles: one optimized for low - RPM stability and fuel efficiency, and the other designed to maximize high - RPM power output.
Alfa Romeo launched its RL, featuring a straight - 6 engine
with an overhead
rocker arm and valves, and brakes on all 4 wheels.
Engine design
with the valves located in the cylinder head and the camshaft located within the engine block
with push rods and
rocker arms to actuate, or open, the valves.
Part Number: 19260835 Engine Type: LS - Series Small - Block V - 8 Displacement (cu in): 454 cu in (7.4 L) Bore x Stroke (in): 4.185 x 4.125 (106.3 x 104.8 mm) Block (P / N 19244057): LSX cast iron
with 6 - bolt cylinder head attachment Crankshaft (P / N 19244018): 4340 forged steel Connecting Rods (P / N 19166964): 4340 forged steel Pistons: (P / N 19166958): 4032 forged aluminum Camshaft Type (P / N 19166975): Mechanical roller Camshaft Lift (in):.738 intake /.738 exhaust Camshaft Duration (@.050 in): 250 ° intake / 270 ° exhaust Cylinder Heads (P / N 19166979): Drag race cylinder heads 6 - bolt LSX aluminum Valve size (in): 2.250» x 6.370» intake 1.625» x 6.400» exhaust Compression Ratio: 13.1:1
Rocker Arms (P / N 19201808): Shaft mounted
with needle bearing fulcrum and tip
Rocker Arm Ratio: 1.9:1 Recommended Fuel: Race fuel (110 octane minimum) Maximum rpm: 7,100 Reluctor Wheel: 58X Balanced: Internal
The multivalve Sprint version of the Triumph Slant - 4 engine used a system where the camshaft was placed directly over the inlet valves,
with the same cams that opened the intake valves also directly opening the exhaust valves via
rocker arms.
Ticking sounds in the top of the engine is almost always related to issues
with the valve train such as
rocker arms that need to be adjusted or simply not enough oil reaching the valve train as a result of...
This design reduces valvetrain inertia more than is the case
with an SOHC engine, since the
rocker arms are reduced in size or eliminated.
• LS3 / L92 Port Configuration • «As cast» runners and combustion chamber • 15 Degree valve angle • Assembled
with 2.00» intake and 1.55» exhaust valves • 250cc intake port and 80cc exhaust port • 70cc combustion chamber • Intake flow — 280 cfm @.600» lift / Exhaust flow — 180 cfm @.700» lift • Beehive valve springs • Uses LS3 / L92 style
rocker arms (offset) • 3.890» minimum bore size • Uses LS3 / L92 style intake manifold
Engine Type: Chevy Small - Block V - 8 Displacement (cu in): 350 Bore x Stroke (in): 4.000 x 3.480 Block (P / N 10105123): Cast - iron
with 4 - bolt main caps Crankshaft (P / N 14088526): Nodular iron Connecting Rods (P / N 10108688): Powdered metal steel Pistons (P / N 12514101): Cast - aluminum Camshaft Type (P / N 24502476): Hydraulic flat tappet Camshaft Lift (in):.435 intake /.460 exhaust Camshaft Duration (@.050 in): 212 ° intake / 222 ° exhaust Cylinder Heads (P / N 12558060): Vortec iron; 64cc chambers Valve Size (in): 1.940 intake / 1.500 exhaust Compression Ratio: 9.1 nominal
Rocker Arms (P / N 10089648): Stamped steel
Rocker Arm Ratio: 1.5:1 Water Pump (P / N 88894341): Cast iron, long - style Flexplate (P / N 14088765): 12.750» Recommended Fuel: 92 octane Ignition Timing: Base 10 ° BTDC, 32 ° Total Maximum Recommended rpm: 5,500 Balanced: External
Direct injection for the first time, along
with special
rocker -
arm valve operation, also provides more smoothness than before.
Exhaust - Dual Tip, Body Side Moldings - Chrome, Door Handle Color - Body - Color
With Chrome Accents, Exhaust Tip Color - Chrome, Grille Color - Chrome, Mirror Color - Chrome, Rear Bumper Color - Body - Color,
Rocker Panel Color - Body - Color, Window Trim - Chrome, Steering Ratio - 14.8, Turns Lock - To - Lock - 2.7, Air Filtration, Armrests - Rear Center Folding
With Pass - Thru, Armrests - Rear Center
With Cupholders, Center Console Trim - Leather, Center Console Trim - Wood, Dash Trim - Leather, Dash Trim - Wood, Door Sill Trim - Illuminated Scuff Plate, Door Trim - Leather, Floor Mat Material - Carpet, Floor Material - Carpet, Floor Mats - Front, Floor Mats - Rear, Front Air Conditioning - Automatic Climate Control, Front Air Conditioning Zones - Dual, Interior Accents - Wood, Rear Vents - Second Row, Shift Knob Trim - Leather, Steering Wheel Trim - Leather, Assist Handle - Front, Assist Handle - Rear, Capless Fuel Filler System, Cargo Area Light, Center Console - Dual Level, Center Console - Front Console
With Armrest And Storage, Cruise Control, Cupholders - Front, Cupholders - Rear, Dimming Rearview Mirror - Auto, Keypad Entry, Memorized Settings - 3 Driver, Memorized Settings - Driver Seat, Memorized Settings - Side Mirrors, Multi-Function Remote - Proximity Entry System, Multi-Function Remote - Trunk Release, One - Touch Windows - 4, Overhead Console - Front, Power Outlet % 28S % 29 - 12v Rear, Power Outlet % 28S % 29 - Two 12v Front, Power Windows - Lockout Button, Push - Button Start, Reading Lights - Front, Reading Lights - Rear, Remote Engine Start, Retained Accessory Power, Steering Wheel - Tilt And Telescopic, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Audio, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Cruise Control, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Multi-Function, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Paddle Shifter, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Phone, Steering Wheel Mounted Controls - Voice Control, Storage - Door Pockets, Storage - Front Seatback, Storage - Grocery Bag Holder, Storage - In Dash, Storage - Sunglasses Holder, Touch - Sensitive Controls, Universal Remote Transmitter - Garage Door Opener, Vanity Mirrors - Dual Illuminating, Front Brake Type - Ventilated Disc, Front Shock Type - Gas, Front Spring Type - Coil, Front Struts - Macpherson, Front Suspension Type - Lower Control
Arms, Hill Holder Control, Rear Brake Type - Disc, Rear Shock Type - Gas, Rear Spring Type - Coil, Abs - 4 - Wheel, Axle Ratio - 3.39, Electronic Brakeforce Distribution, Electronic Parking Brake, Front Brake Diameter - 11.8, Front Brake Width - 1.0, Front Suspension Classification - Independent, Power Brakes, Rear Brake Diameter - 11.0, Rear Brake Width - 0.4, Rear Stabilizer Bar, Rear Suspension Classification - Independent, Rear Suspension Type - Multi-Link, Stability Control, Traction Control, Alternator - 150 Amps, Battery Saver, Gauge - Oil Pressure, In - Dash Cd - Mp3 Playback, Infotainment - Sync, Radio - Voice Operated, Total Speakers - 9, Warnings And Reminders - Tire Fill Alert, Wireless Data Link - Bluetooth, Antenna Type - Diversity, Antenna Type - Element, Auxiliary Audio Input - Bluetooth, Auxiliary Audio Input - Jack, Auxiliary Audio Input - Memory Card Slot, Auxiliary Audio Input - Usb, Clock, Compass, Digital Odometer, Electronic Messaging Assistance -
With Read Function, External Temperature Display, Fuel Economy Display - Mpg, Fuel Economy Display - Range, In - Dash Cd - Single Disc, Multi-Function Display, Premium Brand, Radio - Am / Fm, Radio - Touch Screen Display, Satellite Radio - Siriusxm, Speed Sensitive Volume Control, Subwoofer - 2, Trip Odometer - 2, Warnings And Reminders - Low Fuel Level, Watts - 360, Exterior Entry Lights - Puddle Lamps, Front Fog Lights, Headlights - Adaptive, Headlights - Auto Delay Off, Headlights - Auto On / Off, Headlights - Led, Taillights - Led, Spare Tire Mount Location - Inside, Spare Tire Size - Temporary, Spare Wheel Type - Steel, Tire Type - All Season, Wheels - Aluminum
With Painted Accents, Tire Pressure Monitoring System,
For the engine, Folkestad chose to use custom aluminum heads from Automotive Machine Shop Services, a COMP Roller Cam
with 4 - 7 firing order swap, an All American Billet front drive
with ceramic coating, a single - plane intake manifold and scorpion shaft
rocker arms.
Type: R Cubic Inches: over 440 Bore: 4.32 inches plus.40 over, total of 4.72 Block Modifications: bored.040 over Block: Chrysler Bore x Stroke: stock 4.72 x 3.75 Rods: stock, cast Pistons: Speed - Pro, 9.8:1 compression Crankshaft: stock steel Cam: Comp Cams hydraulic Lift:.470 at.050 224 Valves: Milodon, 2.14 intake, 1.81 exhaust Valvesprings: Comp Cams
Rocker Arm: stock Intake Manifold: Edelbrock Aluminum Six Pack Carburetors: Holley Six Pack Distributor: Mallory Exhaust: Chrysler RB Hi - Performance Muffler: Spin Tech Exhaust Pipes: Muffler Tech Performance Inlet / Outlet Size: 2.50 inches Exhaust: aluminized 2.50 inches Exhaust Tips: stainless steel tips
with YearOne red inserts Engine: built by VanGordon Racing Engines (Upland, CA)
Along
with the exterior additions, we've added some excellent after - market components such as: - VPR Rally Front Bumper w / stinger - VPR Ultima Rear Bumper w / spare tire carrier - Gen 2 Warn Winch - SmittyBilt 3/4 D - rings - Warn Fair Lead - Rigid Industries 50 Midnight Edition Light - bar - Rigid Industries 10 Midnight Edition Light - bar on stinger - Rigid Industries 2x2 LED cubes at the A-pillar - SPOD Rocker Switches - JW Speaker Head Lights and LED Tail Lights - Lifted Offroad Eyebrow Grille with Rampage Mesh insert powder - coated yellow - Metalcloak Fenders - AEV Heat Reduction Hood - Rugged Ridge Hood catches - AMP Research Power Steps - Alpine System A - Alpine 7 ILX - 107 / 207 or INE - W960HDMI Touchscreen - Reverse / BackUp camera w / mount - IdataLink (3x Lock to start) remote start integration - Navigation - Sirius Satellite - TeraFlex 4 Lift With Yellow Powde - rcoated Springs, Control Arms - TeraFlex Front Steering Stabilizer - Custom Premium Nappa F1 Style Leather with Yellow inserts and stitching - Starwood Motors All - weather Floor Liners - Starwood Customs Billet Badge *** For all inquiries please contact Starwood motors at 888-464-7174
with the exterior additions, we've added some excellent after - market components such as: - VPR Rally Front Bumper w / stinger - VPR Ultima Rear Bumper w / spare tire carrier - Gen 2 Warn Winch - SmittyBilt 3/4 D - rings - Warn Fair Lead - Rigid Industries 50 Midnight Edition Light - bar - Rigid Industries 10 Midnight Edition Light - bar on stinger - Rigid Industries 2x2 LED cubes at the A-pillar - SPOD
Rocker Switches - JW Speaker Head Lights and LED Tail Lights - Lifted Offroad Eyebrow Grille
with Rampage Mesh insert powder - coated yellow - Metalcloak Fenders - AEV Heat Reduction Hood - Rugged Ridge Hood catches - AMP Research Power Steps - Alpine System A - Alpine 7 ILX - 107 / 207 or INE - W960HDMI Touchscreen - Reverse / BackUp camera w / mount - IdataLink (3x Lock to start) remote start integration - Navigation - Sirius Satellite - TeraFlex 4 Lift With Yellow Powde - rcoated Springs, Control Arms - TeraFlex Front Steering Stabilizer - Custom Premium Nappa F1 Style Leather with Yellow inserts and stitching - Starwood Motors All - weather Floor Liners - Starwood Customs Billet Badge *** For all inquiries please contact Starwood motors at 888-464-7174
with Rampage Mesh insert powder - coated yellow - Metalcloak Fenders - AEV Heat Reduction Hood - Rugged Ridge Hood catches - AMP Research Power Steps - Alpine System A - Alpine 7 ILX - 107 / 207 or INE - W960HDMI Touchscreen - Reverse / BackUp camera w / mount - IdataLink (3x Lock to start) remote start integration - Navigation - Sirius Satellite - TeraFlex 4 Lift
With Yellow Powde - rcoated Springs, Control Arms - TeraFlex Front Steering Stabilizer - Custom Premium Nappa F1 Style Leather with Yellow inserts and stitching - Starwood Motors All - weather Floor Liners - Starwood Customs Billet Badge *** For all inquiries please contact Starwood motors at 888-464-7174
With Yellow Powde - rcoated Springs, Control
Arms - TeraFlex Front Steering Stabilizer - Custom Premium Nappa F1 Style Leather
with Yellow inserts and stitching - Starwood Motors All - weather Floor Liners - Starwood Customs Billet Badge *** For all inquiries please contact Starwood motors at 888-464-7174
with Yellow inserts and stitching - Starwood Motors All - weather Floor Liners - Starwood Customs Billet Badge *** For all inquiries please contact Starwood motors at 888-464-7174 ***
The NR engine family (there's also a 1.5 L version in the Avanza) comes
with intake and exhaust Dual VVT - i, teflon coating for the pistons (to reduce friction and improve durability), larger water jackets (better cooling, improved combustion, lower noise), roller
rocker arm (reduces friction between
rocker arm and camshaft) and iridium spark plugs (the 1.0 L KR in the Bezza and Axia also uses the latter).
Vengeance technicians then broke down the new LT1 to the short - block and installed a custom (as in, we're not going to tell our competitors any of the specs) camshaft, along
with a dual valvespring kit, hardened pushrods, new lifters in place of the Displacement on Demand system, a COMP Cams VVT Phaser Limiter kit, a set of upgraded trunnions for the
rocker arm system, and some long - tube headers.
The 6G73 is a 24 - valve SOHC design
with two valves running off a single cam lobe on the exhaust valves using a forked
rocker arm and each intake valve actuated
with two cam lobes,
with a smaller bore than the 3.0 liter version of the same block.
Unlike the other similar variable valve timing systems such as the Honda VTEC, the Toyota VVT - i and the Mitsubishi MIVEC which use
rocker arm locking pins to change the valve timing, the CPS system uses direct - acting tappets
with locking pins to change the valve timing and lift profile.
Check
rocker arm clearance to valve springs
with production
rocker arms
From a mechanical standpoint, the three stage VTEC switching capabilities are made possible a
rocker arm design
with three hydraulic circuits that accommodates a) low rpm VTEC switching on each cylinder's intake and exhaust valve and b) high speed switching on the [intake] valve.
The engine features dual overhead camshafts
with variable valve timing, low - friction cylinder walls, bucket tappets (as opposed to
rocker arms) and an impressive 11:1 compression ratio.
Vehicle: 2001 Dodge Durango Owner: Steve Maxfield, Kanosh, Utah Engine: 5.7 L Hemi V - 8 Transmission: Stock five - speed automatic (four gears plus overdrive planetary) Transfer case: Stock Powerwagon Front axle: Powerwagon AAM 9.25
with 4.56:1 gears and electric lockers Rear axle: Powerwagon AAM 10.5
with 4.56:1 gears and electric lockers Front suspension: Stock Powerwagon five - link welded onto Durango frame, including coil buckets and control
arm mounts, 12 - inch - stroke King 2.0 air shocks Rear suspension: Stock Durango leaf spring
with spring - over swap, 12 - inch - stroke King 2.0 air shocks Steering: Hydraulic - assist steering ram fed from ported Dodge steering box Tires / wheels: 42 - inch Pit Bull
Rockers on 16 1/2 - inch H1 HUMVEE beadlocks Protection: Full belly skidplates made out of 3 / 16 - inch steel, full 2 - inch, 0.120 - wall DOM exoskeleton, custom bumpers, and tire carrier integrated into exoskeleton Other: Warn winch, bumper - mounted LED lightbar, roof - mounted LED lightbar, rock cameras connected to onboard monitor
The 2010 FJ Cruiser will come
with dual VVT - i and roller
rocker arms on the 4.0 - liter V6, which add 19 hp and a one mpg increase.
rearend Chassis Type and Modifications: Roadster Shop Fast Track chassis
with C6 front suspension and four - link rear Exterior Modifications: Tucked and smoothed bumpers; extended
rockers; custom inner fenders; flush - mounted glass; custom - fabricated rear tail panel; Lokar hood vents and 12 - volt door handles Interior Modifications: M&M Hot Rod Interiors custom dash and center console; Lokar door pulls, window cranks, shifter
arms, pedals and e-brake; Classic Instruments gauges
The GT rides on unequal - length upper and lower control
arms with pushrod /
rocker - activated torsion bar / coil springs controlled by electronically adjustable DSSV (Dynamic Suspensions Spool Valve) dampers from Multimatic.
In order to achieve the optimum volumetric efficiency in the lower portion of the engine's operating range,
rocker arms are programmed to follow cam lobes that provide low lift and reduced duration (shorter time open
with less valve lift).
The MDX's evolved 3.7 L V - 6 uses a more rigid cylinder block, high - strength crankshaft, heavy - duty connecting rods, high compression - ratio pistons, cylinder heads
with improved cooling, exclusive camshaft specs, a new 2 -
rocker arm design VTEC ® valvetrain system, more performance oriented camshaft specs when in VTEC ®, new intake valve springs, a new EGR system, unique long - reach spark plugs, a larger throttle body among other features.
The cams themselves are shaped in the form of a double - cam
with two curved surfaces,
with the surface operating the valves via roller - type
rocker arms only half as wide as on a conventional cam.
The engine uses a more rigid cylinder block, high - strength crankshaft, heavy - duty connecting rods, high compression - ratio pistons, cylinder heads
with improved cooling, exclusive camshaft specs, a 2 -
rocker arm design VTEC valvetrain system, heavy - duty intake valve springs, a unique EGR system, special long - reach spark plugs, a large throttle body, and much more to get the job done.
Exterior: Advanced Plating plating and polishing; hand - formed lower front valance; tucked front bumper; custom - machined hood vents; flush - fit windshield and smoothed posts; Lokar / Goolsby Edition door handles and door pockets; recessed quarter vents; extended and smoothed
rockers; custom - formed rear bumper; custom rear lower valance and exhaust tips; recessed tail panel
with custom taillight filler panel; custom low - profile rear spoiler; convertible top surround trim eliminated Interior: M and M Hot Rod Interiors custom dash; Classic Instruments gauges; custom center console; Lokar door pulls, window cranks, shifter
arm, drive by wire, clutch and brake
arms and pads
-- Gearbox number — 783.0 — Mileage - 00000 Car will be completed and presented
with Fia Papers Preparations for the RSR Conversion RSR following items: 930 based on Porsche engine on 3.0 RSR flat slide
with 6 hole crank (70 / 4) and Solid
Rockers orig.RSR Original Magneti Marelli dual ignition system RSR exhaust street legal RSR manifolds 110 liter tank
with Large tank Filler Cap Porsche 917 front brake and rear brake disc's and pots
with hand brake and cable Short swing
with metal ball bearings Short RSR Trailing
arms & brackets on axle tube Widened body
with sheet metal for 11 inch Conversion for brake balance RSR pedals Assembly Original steel roll bar RSR Oil cooler as original replica Porsche 906 Original Gearbox oil lines RSR RSR Oil Tank Transmission
with locking Differential Rear cover
with original Bürzl Plate bracket for original ignition coil between the shock absorber Footrest original RSR Bumpers adjusted RSR Tachometer 10,000 Steering wheel original RSR Reinforced rear
It features an Offenhauser finned
rocker arm cove and was converted to 12 - volts
with an American Auto Wire wiring harness and an internally regulated alternator.
Available options on the 2017 Chevrolet Colorado ZR2 will include: Class - exclusive 2.8 L Duramax Turbo - Diesel engine, paired
with a six - speed automatic transmission, capable of 186 horsepower and 369 lb - ft of torque Choice of crew - or extended cab configurations (including short and long beds, respectively) 7 - speaker Bose premium audio system Dealer - installed, bed - mounted spare tire carrier Full - length black vinyl floor (no additional cost — standard interior features leather seats and carpet) The ZR2's starting MSRP includes a number of key standard features unique to the trim level, such as: Class - exclusive front and rear locking electronic differentials Revolutionary, segment - exclusive Multimatic Dynamic Suspensions Spool Valve (DSSVTM) dampers Off - road
rocker protection Modified front and rear bumpers for better off - road obstacle clearance Exclusive ZR2 17 x 8 - inch aluminum alloy wheels 31 - inch Goodyear Wrangler Duratrac off - road tires New cast - iron control
arms An aluminum skidplate that protects the radiator and engine oil pan Autotrac transfer case Transfer case shield Aggressive grille and hood combo unique to ZR2 Modified rear axle
with a 3.42 ratio Front and rear tracks widened 3.5 inches over a standard Colorado Suspension lifted 2 inches over a standard Colorado Off - Road Mode Technology 4 - wheel disc brakes Other standard features include: Tow / haul mode Trailering Package, including trailer hitch and 7 - pin connector Integrated trailer brake controller Spray - on bedliner Heated driver and passenger front seats Wireless phone charging Rear sliding window EZ Lift and Lower tailgate Locking tailgate Recovery hooks A six - speaker audio system
with Chevrolet MyLink Radio
with Navigation and an 8 - inch diagonal color touchscreen, AM / FM stereo
with seek - and - scan and a digital clock, Bluetooth streaming audio for music and select phones, voice - activated technology for radio and phone featuring Apple CarPlay and Android Auto capability as well as an auxiliary jack All - terrain spare tire
with unique ZR2 wheel Four USB ports: one on the instrument panel, one in the center console and two in the rear of the center console Electronic automatic cruise control Rear window electric defogger OnStar 4G LTE
with built - in Wi - Fi Rear Vision Camera Remote keyless entry Remote vehicle starter system 4 - way power front driver and passenger seat adjuster
with power driver lumbar control Rear seats
with underseat storage Standard powertrain is the 3.6 L DI DOHC V6
with a class - leading 308 horsepower and 275 lb - ft of torque that is shared
with other Colorado models.
In addition, friction reduction measures include an improved valve roller
rocker arm design
with a new camshaft profile, small, lightweight pistons
with a low friction coating, enhanced engine block rigidity and bore circularity, and low viscosity oil.