Sentences with phrase «role of macrophages»

He will present a novel hypothesis on the role of macrophages, defined in Greek as «big eaters», and identify molecules involved in muscle growth and glucose metabolism.

After confirming the role of the macrophages in the function of the digestive tract, the researchers looked for how the regulation happens.

Researchers from Penn State College of Medicine, in collaboration with other scientists, have reported the role of macrophages in regulating the contractions of the colon to push digested material through the digestive tract.

Role of Macrophage Receptor with Collagenous Structure in Innate Immune Tolerance.

Although lipid - mediated atheroma formation and atherosclerosis appear to proceed via pathways distinct from what occurs in MPS I, the roles of macrophages, inflammation, and Toll - like receptors in promoting atherosclerosis are well known [71].

Not exact matches

These findings also have implications for treatment of cancer and other disorders, such as obesity, in which M2 macrophage cells play a regulatory role in tumor growth and fat deposition.

Now, a study published online April 27th, in the Journal of Immunology, confirms that the cytokine GM - CSF (Granulocyte macrophage colony - stimulating factor) likely plays an important role in human disease and offers a new explanation for why the MS treatment interferon - Beta (INF - β) is often effective at reducing MS attacks.

On top of their positive effect on pathogens, macrophages can also play a negative role in cancer biology.

Indeed, tumors contain a lot of specific macrophages that play a decisive role in the formation of blood vessels.

Previous studies indicated that microglia, a type of macrophage found in the brain, may have a role in the disease.

In the first, principal investigator Glass and colleagues investigated a pair of related transcriptional repressors called Rev - Erb - alpha and Rev - Erb - beta (proteins with important roles in regulating the circadian rhythm in many cell types) in mouse macrophages.

«Knowing that microglia play an important role in the pathogenesis of Rett syndrome, we thought that other types of macrophages might be contributing to the disease as well,» Litvak said.

Macrophages are important cells of the immune system and widely represented in the liver and playing an active role in inflammation and formation of scar tissue in the liver.

Instead of issuing orders to make mature macrophages switch roles, they filled the nerve bridge with a biological signal shown to attract younger, undifferentiated cells destined to become pro-healing macrophages.

However, regulatory roles of M2 macrophages in urinary stone formation in humans have not been studied.»

A balance between the activation of the inflammatory macrophages and suppression of the anti-inflammatory macrophages in the kidney may play a pivotal role in kidney stone formation.

In a study published in Diabetes on February 6, researchers identified CST's role in the recruitment and function of macrophages in the liver as well as regulation of obesity - induced liver inflammation and insulin resistance.

Steve Gerondakis and colleagues establish that Rel (from the c - rel gene) in mice is a positive or negative regulator of transcription in macrophages and that Rel has distinct roles in different macrophage populations.

Flandin, J. F., Chano, F. & Descoteaux, A. RNA interference reveals a role for TLR2 and TLR3 in the recognition of Leishmania donovani promastigotes by interferon - γ - primed macrophages.

Protective Role of Toll - like Receptor 3 - Induced Type I Interferon in Murine Coronavirus Infection of Macrophages.

The Rel subunit of NF - kappaB - like transcription factors is a positive and negative regulator of macrophage gene expression: distinct roles for Rel in different macrophage populations.

The main mechanism includes phagocytosis of macrophages which play a critical role in nonspecific defense (innate immunity) and, moreover; they have a role as antigen presenters which also help initiate specific defense mechanisms (adaptive immunity) by recruiting other immune cells such as lymphocytes.

However, given that APOE plays key functions in peripheral immune cells that are very similar to microglia (eg, macrophages), it is surprising that the role of APOE in microglia is practically unexplored and remains largely unknown.

Moreover, there are yet other cell types — such as visceral adipose tissue macrophages and cytotoxic CD8 + T - cells — in which the age - related supernumerary accumulation of dysfunctional and apoptosis - resistant cells appears to play a highly deleterious role on tissue function, but where the cells are not «senescent» cells in the classical sense of p16Ink4a expression and the senescence - associated secretory profile observed in senescent fibroblasts.

Topics covered will include how the immune system and commensal microbes interact in the context of health and disease; how dendritic cells respond to infectious or inflammatory stimuli and the roles they play in the induction and polarization of adaptive immune responses against pathogens; how the innate immune pathways regulate inflammation at mucosal barrier tissue sites and how the macrophages are involved in intestinal inflammation.

The role of these molecules in driving disease pathology might vary, with described activities of HVEM signaling promoting T cell expansion or survival, analogous to certain activities of OX40 and 4 - 1BB, and other activities of HVEM or LTβR increasing the function of diverse cells such as stromal cells, dendritic cells, macrophages, eosinophils, epithelial cells and keratinocytes.

They studied macrophages, a type of white blood cell, since these cells play a central role in acute inflammatory responses.

The persistence of HIV in this type of cell — macrophages — means that treatment to eradicate HIV will have to target these cells in addition to those already demonstrated to have a role in the rebounding of HIV if ART is stopped.

In models lacking NLRX1, innate immune cells called macrophages produce higher levels of IL - 6, a signaling molecule that has a central role in colorectal cancer development.

Therefore the group studies with sophisticated imaging technology in vitro and ex vivo: i) the molecular mechanism driving the migration of HIV through the intestinal epithelial barrier; ii) the cellular targets in the mucosa, in specific macrophages and DCs, to identify the possible pathways to invade the tissue and disseminate to other organs; iii) the involvement of DCs and their functional properties in mediating adaptive immune responses at mucosal level; and iv) the role of antibodies with different effector functions in changing the pathways of the virus.

«Monocytes and macrophages have a way to amplify inflammation in the central nervous system,» says Shaked, «which really shows that myeloid cells play an unexpected and important role in diseases of the brain.»

There are, however, limited in vitro models to study the role of host genetics in the response of macrophages to this obligate human pathogen.

One of HDL's roles is to remove cholesterol from cholesterol - loaded macrophages, the sort that accumulate in arterial plaque.

Gliadin stimulation of murine macrophage inflammatory gene expression and intestinal permeability are MyD88 - dependent: role of the innate immune response in Celiac disease.

Macrophages are a type of white blood cell whose normal role is to digest cellular debris and foreign substances.

Thomas KE, Sapone A, Fasano A, Vogel SN.Gliadin stimulation of murine macrophage inflammatory gene expression and intestinal permeability are MyD88 - dependent: role of the innate immune response in Celiac disease.J Immunol.

Ghosh SS, Bie J, Wang J, Ghosh S. Oral supplementation with non-absorbable antibiotics or curcumin attenuates western diet - induced atherosclerosis and glucose intolerance in LDLR - / - mice — role of intestinal permeability and macrophage activation.

Oral supplementation with non-absorbable antibiotics or curcumin attenuates western diet - induced atherosclerosis and glucose intolerance in LDLR - / - mice — role of intestinal permeability and macrophage activation.