Sentences with phrase «roles of gene expression»

Brian Strahl, PhD, professor of biochemistry and biophysics, received an Outstanding Investigator Award from the National Institutes of Health to broaden our understanding of the various and complicated roles of gene expression and chromatin.

Not exact matches

Because epigenetics is the real driver of your health status, and diet plays a major role in gene expression (aka epigenetics), at least in this post's animal study!

The recent Lancet Breastfeeding Series refers to new discoveries being made about breastmilk — such as its role in gene expression — so it can be expected that Nestle will use the strategy of launching «new improved» formulas that are «closer to breastmilk» for decades to come (Nestle is currently investing heavily in epigentics research).

Following this in 2015, an article (Alsaweed et al.) described over 300 novel milk microRNA molecules, components that are known to play a key role in the regulation of gene expression.

A new meta - analysis suggests that low expression levels of 10 related gene sets responsible for mitochondrial machinery play an important role in this disorder — all previously unlinked to Parkinson's.

Most of the commonly occurring cancers, notably breast, prostate, and lung cancer, spread (metastasize) to bone; I was set to the task of studying the role of a transcription factor (gene - expression regulator), NF B (nuclear factor kappa B), in cancer metastasis.

This system plays a major role in the regulation of gene activity, and enables the selective expression of different functions in differentiated cell types.

It, therefore, offers a new way to study the role of the environment on the expression of our genes.

Their study, in the journal Oncotarget, is the most extensive analysis to date of gene expression's role in ccRCC tumor growth and metastasis.

This research tool can be used to better understand the function of histone proteins, which play critical roles in the regulation of gene expression in animals and plants.

The theory holds that histone proteins, which combine with DNA to form chromosomes, are more intimately involved in gene expression than their general role of facilitating or hindering gene activation suggests.

Histones and other proteins, when modified by this process known as acetylation, play critical roles in regulation of gene expression, typically resulting in increased gene expression.

Beyond their participation in host defense, increasing evidence suggests that these modifications also play important roles in the regulation of gene expression, virulence and antibiotic resistance.

The researchers also found differences in microRNA expression in bipolar cells — tiny fragments of RNA that play key roles in the «reading» of genes.

Booij and her colleagues hope that this study will shed more light on the specific role of early environmental influences on brain development, gene expression and emotional regulation.

Animal studies have suggested that overactivation of TLR7 plays a role in lupus, and a gene variant that increases expression of the receptor has been associated with increased lupus risk in human patients.

The study also raises questions about the role of histone acetylation in regulating gene expression.

Douglas Thomas, associate professor of medicinal chemistry and pharmacognosy at UIC, and co-workers discovered that nitric oxide plays an important role in epigenetics — heritable alterations in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in DNA sequence.

«Because many broadly expressed genes that play key roles in essential cellular functions are under the control of cell - specific enhancers, the ability to affect enhancer function by knocking down eRNAs could potentially provide a new strategy for altering gene expression in vivo in a cell - specific manner,» said Glass, noting that in his research, anti-sense oligonucleotides were developed in conjunction with Isis Pharmaceuticals, which suppressed enhancer activity and reduced expression in nearby genes.

Other grants will fund work on tomatoes, soybeans, a mustard called Arabidopsis, and cotton, as well as research on the role of stress in gene expression.

«We identified, across the genome, that enhancer RNAs were the most common type of RNA that bound to CBP, and that by making this interaction, eRNAs play a crucial role in regulating CBP activity and gene expression.»

The Lazar lab has been working on HDAC3 for over a decade, focusing on the pivotal role of this enzyme in hormone - mediated regulation of gene expression and metabolism.

When the keratinocytes treated with all six cytokines expressed significantly more genes than one of the lacking combinations, it meant that the lacking cytokine was playing an influential role for the expression of those genes.

In a paper published recently in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, lead authors at the University of Georgia, along with colleagues from the Rensselaer and the University of California at San Diego, demonstrated for the first time that the gene NDST1 plays a significant role in the proper development of the diaphragm, and that abnormal expression of the gene could lead to CDH.

Understanding the best ways to work with RNA and the various RNA detection methods can help scientists advance our understanding of gene expression patterns and elucidate the roles of different genomic elements in cellular function and dysfunction.

Believing that science and medicine are inextricably linked, he decided to do a PhD at the MRC Mill Hill laboratories and investigated the role of regulatory elements in controlling gene expression, graduating in 1996.

Plants perform these regulations mainly by regulating nuclear gene expression and multiple intracellular signaling pathways have been shown to play a role in the genomic response of plants to stress, but the processes are not well understood.

Based on gene expression studies of fat tissue conducted at the USDA HNRCA, the Tufts University researchers initiated studies of the role of FAT10 in adipose tissue and metabolism.

In addition, treatment with Korean red ginseng extract suppressed the expression of RSV - induced inflammatory genes and the formation of chemically reactive molecules containing oxygen, which play a role in virus - induced epithelial damage in RSV.

The team also recently obtained a grant from the National Medical Research Council in Singapore to pursue a study using the probe to examine the relationship between key Parkinson's disease - linked genes and MAO - B expression and activity to further understand the causes of the disease and illuminate the role of MAO - B in this.

To get a better idea of the gene's role in development the researchers blocked the expression of the gene in zebrafish.

«Our results support that gene expression responses of PGC - 1α isoforms may have an important role in exercise - induced muscle adaptations,» the researchers stated.

The goal of the NIH program, as described on its website, is «to understand the principles behind the three - dimensional organization of the nucleus in space and time (the fourth dimension), the role nuclear organization plays in gene expression and cellular function, and how changes in the nuclear organization affect normal development as well as various diseases.»

This under - expression was particularly interesting because although hundreds of genes have already been identified for their presumed roles in autistic disorders, each one alone can at best only explain 1 % of cases.

What's really impressive about Babar's accomplishment is that he did the work for both papers — one on the role of a population of stem cells in lung cancer development (published in Cell) the other on gene expression in group A Streptococcus (published in PNAS)-- as a participant in summer undergraduate research programs.

But DNA and RNA both appear in an index at the back, and this refers you to the main entry on «Gene», which explains the true role both of DNA and RNA in the context of gene expressGene», which explains the true role both of DNA and RNA in the context of gene expressgene expression.

Single - stranded, noncoding micro-ribonucleic acids (microRNAs), consisting of 18 - 23 nucleotides, play a key role in regulating gene expression.

A study of gene expression in leukemia cells has identified an RNA binding protein that plays an important role in driving the development of cancer.

Among the other genes she says play a role in thoroughbred performance are peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor - γ coactivator - 1 alpha (PGC - 1α), which is involved in skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise; pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 4 (PDK4), involved in glucose regulation, expression of which increased almost fourfold after sprints; and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2 (COX 4I2), involved in respiration.

Although we have long known that this signal strongly inhibits protein synthesis in general, during hemoglobin gene expression it first plays its indispensable, positive role before being turned off promptly to allow for massive hemoglobin formation needed for breathing,» said Prof. Raymond Kaempfer, the Dr. Philip M. Marcus Professor of Molecular Biology and Cancer Research at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Previous studies have shown a physiologic role for vitamin D in liver function, but «it was our discovery of high levels of vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the stellate cell that led us to consider it as a possible off switch for liver fibrosis,» says lead author Ning Ding, a research associate in the Gene Expression Laboratory.

In a non-disease state, TDP - 43 is an important protein involved in various aspects of the metabolism of RNA, a molecule essential in various biological roles in the regulation and expression of genes.

Amongst others, Dr. Sonntag's work has contributed to developing a cell therapy for Parkinson's disease (PD), and to understanding a role of dysregulated gene and miRNA expression networks in PD and schizophrenia, or dopaminergic and adrenergic receptors in hedonic and impulsive behavior.

Insight into the novel role that NMDA receptors play in retinal responses to hypoxia may be derived from study of the coordinated expression patterns of genes that interact, either directly or indirectly, with the NMDA receptor; namely, the NMDA interactome.

So, the inevitable next question was, are the connectivity and gene expression differences of the cells associated with their roles in processing local and global cues?

Thus, interactome hubs such as NR1 may exhibit low levels of change in individual gene expression following hypoxia, but, based on analysis of interaction networks, are likely to play an important role in regulating the biologic response.

Long - lasting changes in brain connectivity require new gene expression, and Dr. Martin has discovered a role for specific signaling molecules that travel from stimulated synapses to the nucleus to change the transcription of DNA to RNA.

Greenberg, an investigator in the Clinical Research Division, and colleagues conducted a pair of experiments by manipulating gene expression directly in the epithelial compartment of the mouse prostate gland to better understand the role of IGF - 1R.

Current projects are investigating: 1) the expression of inflammatory genes during ischemia and reperfusion of kidneys during urology transplantation and in mouse models; 2) the expression of inflammatory genes and proteins in urine as markers indicating the presence of rejection in renal allografts; and 3) the role of adhesion molecules and chemokines in directing leukocyte infiltration into organ allografts.

He studies how structural changes to chromosomes impact gene expression and cell fate with a focus telomere, telomerase, and chromosomal stability, epigenetic proteins, and the role of the SOSS complex in DNA damage repair.