Inspired
by this natural phenomenon, scientists report in a study appearing ACS Macro Letters that they have developed a material that mimics cactus
roots» ability to rapidly absorb and retain vast amounts of water with a minimal amount of
evaporation.
For example, the
root system of forest trees facilitates both storage and extraction of moisture from soil; biogenic aerosols produced
by trees control the intensity of water vapor condensation over the forest; the large height of trees determines the vertical temperature gradient under the canopy, keeping soil
evaporation under biotic control; tall trees are also essential for surface friction that does not allow extremely high wind velocities to develop.