He said weather scientists have known there was a relationship between ice and lightning, but were learning new details by studying the National Aeronautics and Space Administration satellite images which can look at both the number of lightning strikes and the volume of ice in a cloud at the same time.
Not exact matches
One degree may not sound like much, but Stefan Rahmstorf, a climate
scientist at the Potsdam Institute in Germany,
says, «Every tenth of a degree increases the number of unprecedented extreme
weather events considerably.»
As hundreds of firefighters and some two dozen air tankers battle Canada's massive wildfires,
scientists and other experts
say prolonged modern droughts and climate change are creating a new perfect storm of super fires and other extreme
weather events.
Scientists and energy experts
say that a distributed grid that doesn't rely on a single power plant for energy generation could help vulnerable island regions such as the Caribbean
weather strong storms like Irma or Maria.
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Ruling out natural variability,
scientists say several of 2016's extreme
weather events wouldn't have happened without human - caused climate change.
Now a computer
scientist who works on
weather - prediction models at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Price
says science and technology were always topics around his house growing up.
«With this simulator, we can explain in great detail to the operational
weather community [
weather forecasters] the tornadic echo from polarimetric radar,»
says Robert Palmer, an atmospheric
scientist at the University of Oklahoma (OU) and co-author of the paper.
For instance,
weather reports collected by citizen
scientists more than 100 years ago continue to be analyzed, he
said.
This year's Arctic sea ice cover currently is the sixth - lowest on modern record, a ranking that raises ongoing concerns about the speed of ice melt and the effects of ice loss on global
weather patterns, geopolitical fights, indigenous peoples and wildlife,
scientists said yesterday.
He
said that using tools like
weather balloons, airplane - mounted instruments and laser radar,
scientists can test their simulations.
It turns out that the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), a space -
weather satellite with a controversial past, is answering those questions right now,
says Stephen Kane, an exoplanet
scientist at San Francisco State University in California.
It was the kind of heavy rainfall that could become more frequent with climate change, even though
scientists say no one
weather event can be tied to warming temperatures.
Inuit communities that have long paid close attention to the climate have
said Arctic
weather patterns are shifting — and
scientists say they are right
«The timing of snowmelt and length of the snow - free season significantly impacts
weather, the permafrost, and wildlife — in short, the Arctic terrestrial system as a whole,»
said Christopher Cox, a
scientist with CIRES at the University of Colorado Boulder and NOAA's Physical Sciences Division in Boulder, Colorado.
But the
scientist said it's not clear whether the droughts are the product of a random shift in
weather patterns or whether they are driven, at least in part, by climate change.
«These
scientists combined citizen science observations with data from radar, satellites and
weather predictions to understand the cues birds use in their migrations across continents,»
said Liz Blood, program director in the National Science Foundation's Division of Environmental Biology, which funded the research through NSF's MacroSystems Biology Program.
If that's true in the Amazon, Saleska
says, climate
scientists will need to take into account practices like deforestation when predicting regional changes in
weather patterns.
«You can see day and night and through most
weather,»
says David Glackin, a remote sensing
scientist with the Aerospace Corporation, a federally funded nonprofit research center.
Gabriel Vecchi, head of the climate variations and predictability group at NOAA's Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Lab and another author on the paper,
says decades of
weather prediction data show that forecasts have improved — and will improve — as
scientists learn more about hurricanes.
But Jon Krosnick, a professor at Stanford University,
said the only group affected by cold
weather in terms of belief about climate change is the 30 percent of the population who distrust
scientists.
Martin Hoerling, a
scientist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Earth System Research Laboratory who researches the connections between climate change and
weather extremes,
said a link between a warmer Arctic and the recent cold is unlikely.
Warmer
weather may increase the frequency of an unusual climatic condition called a rain - on - snow event,
says earth system
scientist Jaakko Putkonen of the University of Washington, Seattle.
It
says although there is no scientific evidence to show a specific
weather event would not have happened without climate change,
scientists can estimate whether it increases the risk of an event.
«This year is the fourth lowest, and yet we haven't seen any major
weather event or persistent
weather pattern in the Arctic this summer that helped push the extent lower as often happens,»
said Walt Meier, a sea ice
scientist with NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
The contiguous United States has warmed considerably since 1938, and there's no question that climate change was at play this time,
says National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
scientist Martin Hoerling, who examines links between extreme
weather events and climate.
Moreover, the impacts of that warming, including sea level rise, drought, floods and other extreme
weather, could hit earlier and harder than many models project,
said study co-author John Fasullo, a climate
scientist at the National Center for Atmospheric Research.
«It's a true firestorm — extremely fast moving, generating its own
weather conditions, and burning literally everything in its path,» Daniel Swain, a climate earth system
scientist at Stanford University,
said.
Climate
scientists study extremes in order to better understand the climate system, with the ultimate goal of generating more accurate
weather forecasts, he
said.
Trenberth
says, and some
scientists agree, that attribution studies that use climate models do not work well for
weather events that are local and dynamic — a flash in the pan.
There is hope that attribution of hurricanes and other dynamic
weather events will improve as
scientists tinker on climate models,
said Adam Sobel, a climate
scientist at Columbia University.
Smith
said his study is not meant to tease out event attribution, and that for many of last year's
weather events, it will take months for
scientists to determine which variables are linked to certain parts of climate change.
«We've learned so far there is no smoking gun indicating space
weather is the primary driver,»
said Goddard space
weather scientist Antti Pulkkinen.
«If you think being a
weather forecaster on Earth is difficult, it can be even more challenging at Titan,»
said Scott Edgington, Cassini's deputy project
scientist at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. «We know there are
weather processes similar to Earth's at work on this strange world, but differences arise due to the presence of unfamiliar liquids like methane.
But because high - quality
weather records go back only about 100 years, most
scientists have been reluctant to
say if global warming affected particular extreme events.
That does not mean that
scientists can
say with certainty if an individual
weather event is or is not due to climate change, notes Karl Braganza, manager of the BOM Climate Monitoring Section.
After ruling out previous causes of such mass deaths — cold
weather, disease like morbillivirus and even poisoning by algal bloom — fisheries
scientists are left with only one conclusion: «Put all that evidence together and it supports the hypothesis that the oil spill contributed to the increase in deaths,»
says veterinarian Stephanie Venn - Watson of the National Marine Mammal Foundation in San Diego.
Scientists say that turbulent space
weather caused a communications blackout in the region and thus prevented the warning from getting to the rescue helicopter.
The paper draws a convincing connection between the intensification of the Amundsen Sea low - pressure system and increasing snow accumulation,
said David Bromwich, a polar
weather and climate
scientist with the Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center at Ohio State University in Columbus, who was not an author on the new paper.
But such efforts are useful in communicating the changing risks of extreme
weather to the public,
say the
scientists, who are working with Climate Central's World
Weather Attribution program.
Scientists are reluctant to directly link climate change with extreme
weather events such as storms and drought,
saying these fluctuate according to atmospheric conditions, but green groups link the two in their calls for action.
«Many
scientists at the time
said that you can never blame an individual
weather event on climate change,»
says Myles Allen of the University of Oxford.
Scientists involved with the Louisiana study
said the region's complex
weather made their task more difficult than usual.
Individual
weather extremes can't be attributed to global warming,
scientists always
say.
«This is a considerable fraction» of major
weather events,
says climate
scientist Peter Stott.
Year by year, it's slipping into a new state, and it's hard to see how that won't have an effect on
weather throughout the Northern Hemisphere,» Ted Scambos, an NSIDC lead
scientist,
said in a statement.
Now,
scientists from St. Andrews University in Scotland
said the signal may have come from the planet's extreme
weather, mainly from its huge lightning storms millions of times more powerful than what we have on Earth, as per The National.
This,
scientists say, is potentially very good news, as we could use the barrier to protect Earth from extreme space
weather resulting from events like coronal mass ejections — huge explosions on the sun, where plasmas and magnetic field are ejected from its corona, the outermost part of its atmosphere.
Proponents of NASA's Earth - studies programs
said the space agency has contributed a great deal to
scientists» understanding of global
weather patterns and trends, including the effects of climate change on the environment.
El Niño could actually knock out the high - pressure pattern and with it the unusually hot
weather, Cliff Mass, an atmospheric
scientist at the University of Washington,
said.