While both species share
the same number of chromosomes and are capable of breeding, it is estimated that dogs separated from the wolves about 100000 years ago.
The two species of Phodopus hamsters (P. sungorus and P. campbelli) have
the same number of chromosomes, and the chromosomes are similar in terms of size and morphology.
They don't have
the same number of chromosomes as human cells.
Both are present in nearly all other organisms because they fulfil a function in a checkpoint that ensures that both daughter cells get
the same number of chromosomes after cell division.
Not exact matches
They made these clones by a process called automatic parthenogenesis: The egg is formed normally (with half the species» usual
number of chromosomes), then fertilized by the «polar body,» a cell that is created during oogenesis and contains the
same gene copies as the egg, resulting in the shark having half the genetic variation
of its mother.
During the
same time period, reproductive management has involved an increasingly reduced
number of stallions, up to the point that, today, almost all domesticates virtually carry the
same, or highly similar, Y -
chromosome haplotype (s).
In the illustration, each tissue type is followed by the
number of genes whose level
of activity is controlled by nearby genes on the
same chromosome (cis); those whose activity is associated with genes on other
chromosomes (trans); and the
number of tissue samples studied.
Rather gene dosage, which depends on the
number of chromosome copies, is responsible for this: «If the
chromosome is multiplied, then more copies
of the
same gene will be transcribed.
As the authors also observed in previous works, some aphids showed different
chromosome numbers also comparing cells belonging to a
same individual «forgetting» that
chromosome instability within individuals should be typical
of malignant cells and not
of healthy insects showing a high reproductive rate.
While the bulk
of this project was focused on autism, this project began when Zylka and Yi noticed that a large
number of Angelman syndrome - linked mutations were clustered in the
same chromosome region where the phosphate group was tacked onto UBE3A.