And a deeper understanding of the genetic basis for resistance will be instrumental in developing and breeding better plants,»
says plant molecular biologist John Mundy of Copenhagen University's Institute of Molecular Biology who led the Arabidopsis study.
Not exact matches
«While heme is exceptionally abundant in meat, it is a basic
molecular building block of life on earth, including
plants,» Impossible Foods
said.
But the
plants»
molecular assembly lines have evolved to optimize the
plants» survival, not to churn out buckets of one substance we humans want to get our hands on,» she
said.
Because many first - generation graduates come from less affluent families, such socioeconomic differences are common,
says Rebecca Lamb, assistant professor of
plant cellular and
molecular biology at Ohio State University in Columbus and a first - generation college grad.
«This never resulted in full protection from herbivory,»
says Ralph Bock of the Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Plant Physiology, «because the plant's own RNAi system prevents the accumulation of sufficient amounts of d
Plant Physiology, «because the
plant's own RNAi system prevents the accumulation of sufficient amounts of d
plant's own RNAi system prevents the accumulation of sufficient amounts of dsRNA.
That, and further discussions with his mentor Adrian Gibbs, an expert on
molecular evolution of viruses and a fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences, «made me think there must be a common anti-viral mechanism in
plants and animals to keep their viruses similar,» he
said.
The high induction of that protein suggested to scientists that it could be playing an important biological role,
said Elton Gonçalves, a former UF / IFAS doctoral student in the
plant molecular and cellular biology program.
«This study gives us the
molecular basis for seedlessness, which is the first time this has been done for a fruit
plant,» Gasser
says.
«The NILR1 is the genetic code for a receptor protein that is localized to the surface of
plant cells and is able to bind and recognize other molecules,»
says Prof. Florian Grundler, chair at the Department of
Molecular Phytomedicine at the University of Bonn.
«For a long time it was speculated that
plant hormones play a role in the formation of a nurse cell system in roots,»
says Prof. Dr. Florian Grundler from the
Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn.
«Gastrointestinal diseases are a major cause of mortality in wild and captive pandas but scientists understand very little about their digestive process,»
says co-author Ashli Brown Johnson, state chemist and Mississippi State University associate professor of biochemistry,
molecular biology, entomology and
plant pathology.
«My main goal is for [the students] to have an appreciation and better understanding of
plants and of biology in general,»
says Moctezuma, who joined the Department of Cell Biology and
Molecular Genetics at the University of Maryland, College Park, in 2003 as an instructor.
«This provides evidence of a
molecular genetic mechanism that is at work, coordinating adaptation of seed dormancy and flowering traits in the
plants to accommodate environmental conditions,»
said study co-author Heqiang «Alfred» Huo, a postdoctoral researcher in the Bradford lab.
The finding is «a massive advance in our understanding of tomato fruit development and ripening,»
says Alisdair Fernie, who studies the chemical composition of tomatoes at the Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Plant Physiology in Potsdam, Germany.
«By manipulating photoprotection in
plants, it may be possible to improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, and one potential outgrowth of that is higher crop productivity,»
said Krishna Niyogi, a faculty scientist in Berkeley Lab's Division of
Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging and a UC Berkeley professor of
plant and microbial biology.
Plant breeding research elsewhere in the world has benefited from advances in genomics and molecular markers, but plant breeding scientists in China do not work closely with researchers in those areas, says Carl Pray, an agriculture, food, and resource economics expert at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, who has worked in C
Plant breeding research elsewhere in the world has benefited from advances in genomics and
molecular markers, but
plant breeding scientists in China do not work closely with researchers in those areas, says Carl Pray, an agriculture, food, and resource economics expert at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, who has worked in C
plant breeding scientists in China do not work closely with researchers in those areas,
says Carl Pray, an agriculture, food, and resource economics expert at Rutgers University in New Brunswick, New Jersey, who has worked in China.
Such challenges, she
said, must be addressed using the entire toolbox of methods, including genomics, cellular and
molecular biology, traditional
plant breeding, and genetic modification.
«We've created a genetic combination that no one has ever made before,»
said plant scientist Gregg Howe, MSU Foundation professor of biochemistry and
molecular biology, who led the study.
«I think this will definitely help,»
says Alisdair Fernie, who was not part of the study but has studied tomato chemistry at the Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Plant Physiology in Potsdam, Germany.
«Almost all life on Earth is based on
plants — animals eat
plants and we eat animals or
plants,»
says Wolfgang Busch, an associate professor in Salk's
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and senior author of the new paper.
«There are a lot of losses in crop yields due to bacteria that kill
plants,»
says the paper's senior author Joanne Chory, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator, director of Salk's
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory and a 2018 recipient of the Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences.
«The fact is it's a lot harder being an academic scientist today than it was even 15 years ago when I made the transition,»
says Harry Klee, professor in the
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Program at the University of Florida in Gainesville.
The
plant scientist, who has been working on apomixis for a number of years with
molecular geneticist Peggy Ozias - Akins, also at Georgia,
says, «If one could clone the genetic mechanism [of apomixis] and introduce it to maize, rice and wheat, it would revolutionize food production.»
The work represents «a really nice collaboration between
molecular biologists and
plant breeders,»
says Jan Leach, a
plant pathologist at Colorado State University in Fort Collins.
Professor Nick Talbot, Professor of
Molecular Genetics and expert in
plant diseases,
said: «The strategy of introducing less aggressive microbes to fight more aggressive ones may prove effective to control some crop disease, but our study shows that they are not a silver bullet and caution needs to be exercised.
«While previous
molecular studies have provided simple snapshots of the gene transcript variations that are associated with the exposure of insects to natural and synthetic chemicals, the genomics approaches used in this study offer a significantly more complex perspective on the biochemical and physiological processes occurring in
plant - insect interactions,» Schuler
said.
For Amborella, «what is amazing about this case is the sheer scale of the transfer and the [evolutionary] distance between the species,»
says Ralph Bock of the Max Planck Institute of
Molecular Plant Physiology in Potsdam - Golm, Germany, who is not part of the Amborella team.
Using techniques collectively known as
molecular breeding, geneticists have started to return results in a variety of
plants,
said Ed Buckler, a
plant geneticist at Cornell University who recently helped sequence the corn genome.
Increasingly affordable with improved technology,
molecular breeding is becoming the mode of business in the crop world,
said Bonnie McClafferty, development head at HarvestPlus, a nonprofit funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation that supports
molecular breeding research into improving
plant nutrition in Africa and Asia.
The study will nevertheless help scientists to learn more about the
molecular processes that control the formation of both sperm and oocytes and could lead to a better understanding of infertility,
says Anna Wobus of the Institute of
Plant Genetics and Crop
Plant Research in Gatersleben, Germany.
The work is a «major step forward,»
says Robert Schuurink, a
plant molecular biologist at the University of Amsterdam in the Netherlands.
«Basically, most of our knowledge of what genes are important for environmental adaptation of trees has been educated guessing built on studies in the model
plant, Arabidopsis, which is a member of the mustard family»
said Amy Brunner, associate professor of
molecular genetics in Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.
«Basically, most of our knowledge of what genes are important for environmental adaptation of trees has been educated guessing built on studies in the model
plant, Arabidopsis, which is a member of the mustard family»
said Amy Brunner, an associate professor of
molecular genetics in Virginia Tech's College of Natural Resources and Environment.
Decisions to deregulate any wild GM
plant like the eucalyptus must take into account this lack of research,
said Hong Luo, a
molecular biologist at Clemson University who has developed a gene containment system for another wild
plant, turfgrass.
«This collaboration arose from a conversation that Saket and I had shortly after his arrival at Salk,»
says Professor and Director of the
Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Laboratory Joanne Chory, who, along with being the Howard H. and Maryam R. Newman Chair in
Plant Biology, is also a Howard Hughes Medical Investigator and one of the paper's coauthors.
«Tobacco was used as the model crop
plant in this study because it is easy to work with, but we're working to make the same modifications in rice and other food crops,»
said co-senior author Krishna Niyogi, a faculty scientist in Berkeley Lab's Division of
Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging.
«The more we understand the
molecular mechanisms involved in the infection process and in
plant resistance, the more effective we're going to be in breeding resistant crops,»
said Martin.
AMHERST, Mass. — A decade or so ago, scientists discovered genes they thought could be turned on to make
plants take up more iron from the soil, enriching cereals, grains and other staple foods that feed millions of people around the world an iron - poor diet leading to iron deficiency anemia,
says molecular biologist Elsbeth Walker at the University of Massachusetts Amherst.