The mice show many of the symptoms that human patients do, and so they were an especially good candidate to test iPS cells» abilities,
says stem cell researcher Rudolf Jaenisch of the Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, both in Cambridge, who collaborated with Townes on the project.
«It is exciting that they have generated human cells from the patient material,»
says stem cell researcher Jeffrey Rothstein of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland, who also studies ALS.
«I think this... is every bit as exciting as the SCNT they were claiming,»
says stem cell researcher Kent Vrana of Pennsylvania State University, who pioneered parthenogenesis in monkeys.
«I think this is an extremely important — and solid — paper,»
says stem cell researcher Robert Lanza, vice president of research and scientific development at Applied Cell Technology, a regenerative medicine company headquartered in Alameda, Calif., who did not take part in the study.
«There is still controversy out there about how similar they are,»
says stem cell researcher Konrad Hochedlinger of Massachusetts General Hospital in Boston.
Still, the proof - of - concept is encouraging: «If it works in the mouse, there's no biological reason to think it wouldn't be effective in humans,»
says stem cell researcher George Daley of Harvard Medical School in Boston.
«There's nothing irresponsible about the research in this case,»
says stem cell researcher Paul Knoepfler of the University of California, Davis, School of Medicine.
«That started a lot of excitement that there might be these adult stem cells that had the potential of embryonic stem cells,»
says stem cell researcher Amy Wagers of the Joslin Diabetes Center in Boston.
The reprogrammed cells are «almost indistinguishable» from embryonic cells,
says stem cell researcher Alex Meissner, part of the Whitehead team, which has published its results online today in Nature alongside those of Yamanaka's group.
Fate «is counting on this patent to raise funding, so they will be relentless» in pushing their claims,
says stem cell researcher Jeanne Loring of the Scripps Research Institute in San Diego.
«The time is coming when we'll repair heart tissue after a heart attack and restore blood flow to limbs that would otherwise be amputated,»
says stem cell researcher Robert Lanza of Advanced Cell Technology in Massachusetts.
«This is just the first wave of diseases» that the Harvard group plans to get iPS cells from,
said stem cell researcher George Daley of Children's Hospital Boston.
That's incredibly valuable,»
said stem cell researcher Stephen A. Duncan (at the Medical College of Wisconsin).
Not exact matches
A clinic in India
says it has used
stem cells to treat Down's syndrome in up to 14 people, but the announcement has alarmed independent
researchers
The
researchers say that they can grow the stomach organoids from both embryonic
stem cells and skin
cells induced to pluripotency.
A team of
researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine has used a gene - editing tool known as CRISPR to repair the gene that causes sickle
cell disease in human
stem cells, which they
say is a key step toward developing a gene therapy for the disorder.
Researchers say the finding could be harnessed in the future to make an «eye in a dish,» a tool that would be invaluable in coaxing
stem cells to develop into ocular tissues.
When the
researchers tracked the
stem cells in the mice's brains, they saw that only about 5 percent of them actually developed into neurons, suggesting the
cells did not rescue memory by replacing dead neurons, LaFerla
says.
The study «provided the surprising result that one new therapy currently being explored to lower insulin resistance promotes, rather than decreases, the formation of bone in mice,»
says Darwin Prockop, a
stem cell researcher at Texas A&M College of Medicine in Temple, who was not involved in the work.
«There are millions and millions of people that have osteoporosis [with or without diabetes], and it's not something we can cure,»
says Sean Morrison, a
stem cell researcher at University of Texas Southwestern in Dallas.
Enabling scientists to grow the
stem cells artificially from pluripotent
stem cells could also lead to the development of personalized blood therapies,
researchers say.
In a recent survey of epidemiologists and
stem cell researchers in the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France, nearly two - thirds
said that they had been interviewed at least once in the past 3 years.
Many
researchers pinned blame on journalists with «5 minute attention spans»,
saying they had overhyped the field, making
stem cells seem like a cure - all.
The reason,
say researchers: the hormone stimulates production of more oligodendrocyte
stem cells, leading to more oligodendrocytes and therefore more myelin.
The KU
researcher said that new evidence suggests that cancer originates and progresses by a small population of
cells known as cancer
stem cells.
«We can work with any embryonic
stem cell line from any source and are not restricted to working with the very small number of federally approved lines as is the case for
researchers in the United States,»
says Minger.
«It's taken years of trial and error, making educated guesses and taking baby steps to finally produce functioning human muscle from pluripotent
stem cells,»
said Lingjun Rao, a postdoctoral
researcher in Bursac's laboratory and first author of the study.
«It is sobering,»
says George Daley, a
stem cell researcher at Harvard Medical School who has helped write guidelines for people considering
stem cell treatments.
That debate is in full force this week as
researchers led by Kui Liu at the University of Gothenburg in Sweden
say they have ruled out the tantalising possibility that ovarian
stem cells exist.
And it suggests that
stem cells derived from embryos should remain the primary reference for iPS
cells when
researchers want to compare how
cells from diseased patients behave,
says Nissim Benvenisty of Hebrew University of Jerusalem, who has studied differences between ES
cells and iPS
cells derived from carriers of fragile X syndrome.
Those hoping for quick clinical success should remember it takes time for revolutionary treatments to go from lab bench to bedside,
says Andras Nagy, a
stem cell researcher at Mount Sinai Hospital's Lunenfeld — Tanenbaum Research Institute in Toronto, who has not been directly involved in Yamanaka's work.
This creates uncertainty about whether it is at all possible to create new eggs with the help of
stem cells,»
says Kui Liu, a
researcher at the Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology at the University of Gothenburg.
More cautious
researchers would have realized they were on the wrong track,
says Rudolf Jaenisch, a
stem cell researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge whose lab spent 2 months trying to make STAP
cells and contributed data to the new paper.
This is a «very exciting paper,»
says University of Wisconsin
stem cell researcher Clive Svendsen.
The method gives
researchers a glimpse of «what happens in the real life of a tumor,»
says Cédric Blanpain, a
stem cell researcher at the Université Libre de Bruxelles in Belgium.
The rules add up to «a major step in the right direction for
stem cell research,»
says Harvard University
stem cell researcher George Daley.
Understanding which cancers might grow from — or simply harbor — cancer
stem cells is key to more effective treatments, the
researchers say.
«Because of the Harvard
Stem Cell Institute, we were able to work with other
researchers to make patient
cells into any type of neuron,»
said Young - Pearse, whose lab spent two years fine - tuning protocols with collaborators to generate the neurons needed for her early onset Alzheimer's study.
Previous examples were the conviction of Italian
researchers for their failure to warn about the risk of a deadly earthquake in L'Aquila and the recent debate about the Stamina Foundation, which offers
stem cell therapies that many scientists
say aren't scientifically proven.
The reality,
say leading
stem cell researchers, is that every disease and disorder needs its own special formula, including just the right promoter chemicals given at just the right dose, and just the right kind of
stem cells introduced at just the right stage.
A couple of other research groups have also sorted
stem cells based on gene expression, but they have not done so specifically with the goal of enriching
cell populations for a specific tissue, the
researchers said.
«So that's them,» he
said, pointing out some of the nonpresidential embryonic
stem cells that have been created and distributed among
researchers since 2001.
Importantly,
researchers must still study existing embryonic
stem cell lines — the gold standard — to rule out any hidden risks in the lab - made
cells, he
says.
The specter of teratomas and cancer should make
researchers and patients alike wary of embracing
stem cell therapies before they are proven, Lanza
says.
Stem cell researcher Paolo Bianco of La Sapienza University in Rome
says that Nature's revelations are another reason not to spend public money on the trial.
«Research using human fetal tissue is invaluable to scientific and medical communities worldwide that study and work on human development and disease,»
said Hans Clevers, president of the International Society for
Stem Cell Research (ISSCR), and a stem cell researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, in a statement released 14 J
Stem Cell Research (ISSCR), and a stem cell researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, in a statement released 14 J
Cell Research (ISSCR), and a
stem cell researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, in a statement released 14 J
stem cell researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, in a statement released 14 J
cell researcher at Utrecht University in the Netherlands, in a statement released 14 July.
Researchers have found that the imaging of supposedly normal brains reveals clinically significant findings 8 to 10 percent of the time — «disconcertingly often,»
says Henry Greely, a law professor at Stanford who works on legal and bioethical issues that include neuroscience, genetics, and
stem cells.
«As
researchers started using these
cells more, it became clear that during the process of reprogramming to create
stem cells the
cell was also rejuvenated in other ways,»
says Jerome Mertens, a postdoctoral research fellow and first author of the new paper.
Transdifferentiation may occur, but if so it must be a rare event,
says stem cell and cardiovascular researcher Kenneth Chien of the Harvard Stem Cell Instit
stem cell and cardiovascular researcher Kenneth Chien of the Harvard Stem Cell Instit
cell and cardiovascular
researcher Kenneth Chien of the Harvard
Stem Cell Instit
Stem Cell Instit
Cell Institute.
Despite this, «one 2009 estimate put the number of
stem -
cell companies based in China at around 100»,
says Doug Sipp, a
stem -
cell ethics and regulation
researcher at the RIKEN Center for Developmental Biology in Kobe, Japan.