Sentences with phrase «scale changes in»

It should be kept in mind, however, that small - scale changes in parent anxiety symptoms may be obscured by the use of standardized measures in this report.

if so that is scary that we rely so much on data from» climate science» to large scale changes in how we respond to «climate problems».

For example, the warm - water phase of ENSO is associated with large - scale changes in plankton abundance and associated impacts on food webs (Hays et al., 2005), and changes to behaviour (Lusseau et al., 2004), sex ratio (Vergani et al., 2004) and feeding and diet (Piatkowski et al., 2002) of marine mammals.

Observations of sea surface salinity in the western Pacific fresh pool: Large - scale changes in 1992 1995 Christian H nin

Stephen Schneider did more than any other individual on the planet to help us realize that human actions have led to global - scale changes in Earth's climate.

It is important to note that the amplitude of these millennial - scale changes in sea - surface conditions far exceed those observed at the end of the 20th century.»

This in turn helps explain how factors such as fresh water from melting ice or changes in global wind patterns might lead to large - scale changes in ocean circulation or climate in the future.

In summary, confidence in large scale changes in the intensity of extreme extratropical cyclones since 1900 is low.

The temporal relationship between the Suess solar cycle and particularly significant 210 yr oscillations in the speleothem δ18O records therefore supports the notion that solar variability played a significant role in driving centennial - scale changes in the hydrological cycle in the subtropics during the Holocene.

Anthropogenic influences have contributed to observed increases in atmospheric moisture content in the atmosphere (medium confidence), to global - scale changes in precipitation patterns over land (medium confidence), to intensification of heavy precipitation over land regions where data are sufficient (medium confidence), and to changes in surface and subsurface ocean salinity (very likely).

Ruddiman and McIntyre (1981); another example: century - scale changes in carbon - dated peat bog pollen, including a clear oscillation 11,000 - 9,000 years ago, Woillard and Mook (1982); in 50 years: Flohn (1979).

Large - scale changes in ocean currents like the AMOC «are not unprecedented,» she added.

Applies two different detection methodologies to evaluate the extent to which observed large - scale changes in near - surface salinity can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change.

Large - scale changes in savanna vegetation cover may also feed back to regional rainfall patterns.

Many of these stations were set up in the late 1800s and early 1900s as part of a national network of weather stations, focused on measuring day - to - day changes in the weather rather than decadal - scale changes in the climate.

Dynamical and thermodynamical causes of large - scale changes in the hydrological cycle over North America in response to global warming

Other studies have indicated that synoptic scale changes in cloud cover are more likely correlated with regional climatological modes or oscillations rather than GCRs (Laken et al. 2012a).

But there is little consensus on the response of ENSO itself to climate change and no clear century - scale changes in observed character of ENSO (e.g., Collins et al., 2010; IPCC, 2013; Lenton et al., 2008; Vecchi and Wittenberg, 2010).

Centennial - scale changes in the global carbon cycle during the last deglaciation.

C is a stand - in for much broader scale changes in ranges and durations.

Ruddiman and McIntyre (1981a); another example: century - scale changes in carbon - dated peat bog pollen, including a clear oscillation 11,000 - 9,000 years ago, Woillard and Mook (1982); in 50 years: Flohn (1979).

Further, «confidence in large - scale changes in the intensity of extreme extratropical cyclones [such as «Superstorm» Sandy] since 1900 is low.»

This section documents regional changes and slow fluctuations in atmospheric circulation over past decades, and demonstrates that these are consistent with large - scale changes in other variables, especially temperature and precipitation.

The model is designed to examine long - term, large - scale changes in global and regional energy systems in response to carbon policies.

We compare global - scale changes in satellite estimates of the temperature of the lower troposphere (TLT) with model simulations of forced and unforced TLT changes.

... The evidence comes from a close correlation between inferred changes in production rates of the cosmogenic nuclides carbon - 14 and beryllium - 10 and centennial to millennial time scale changes in proxies of drift ice measured in deep - sea sediment cores.

Preliminary results of oxygen isotope analysis of tree rings suggests anomalously low values during the 11th Century, perhaps indicating large - scale changes in circulation.

My earliest research was on orbital - scale changes in North Atlantic sediments to reconstruct past sea - surface temperatures and to quantify the deposition of ice - rafted debris.

Broad - scale changes in vegetation in general, and tree loss in particular, have pronounced effects on climate processes through biogeophysical mechanisms such as albedo, evapotranspiration (ET), and carbon dioxide exchange with the atmosphere [11].

The whole point of this analysis is to get away from arguing about which way the wind was blowing and get to the decadal scale changes in the annual cycle.

The large scale changes in ocean and atmosphere are everywhere evident especially in hydrology.

It seems unlikely that low level clouds — especially marine stratocumulous — would not respond to large scale changes in ocean and atmospheric conditions.

Large - scale changes in technologies or political institutions may also alter the risk of violence in the future, Hsiang said.

Together, these results suggest that there are decadal - scale changes in the atmosphere involving circulation, water vapor, clouds and radiation that may play a role in PDV, and are worthy of further study.»

«The decrease in fire on a very large scale — globally and in the Americas — was controlled by this cooling climate, which began prior to the population collapse, and climate alone is sufficient to explain large scale changes in burning,» says Power.

Multi-centennial scale changes in typhoon frequency in mid-latitude East Asia are, therefore, influenced by changes in solar activity and ENSO conditions.

The study by Macias & Johnson (2008) provides not only evidence for the link between decadal - scale changes in the teleconnection patterns (e.g. the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) index) and the increased fire frequency in the late twentieth century but also an explanation of why the pattern of fire variability and fire - climate relationships changes at different time scales from centennial / decadal to interannual.....

Climate change is causing large - scale changes in the environment, increasing the likelihood of the emergence or reemergence of unfamiliar disease threats.284 Factors include shifting ranges of disease - carrying pests, lack of immunity and preparedness, inadequate disease monitoring, and increasing global travel.

The available data are insufficient to say if the changes in O2 are caused by natural variability or are trends that are likely to persist in the future, but they do indicate that large - scale changes in ocean physics influence natural biogeochemical cycles, and thus the cycles of O2 and CO2 are likely to undergo changes if ocean circulation changes persist in the future.

Large - scale changes in the O2 content of the thermocline have been observed between the 1970s and the late 1990s.

It is virtually certain that millennial - scale changes in atmospheric CO2 associated with individual antarctic warm events were less than 25 ppm during the last glacial period.

The possibility exists that the unprecedented activity since 1995 is the result of a combination of the multidecadal - scale changes in Atlantic SSTs (and vertical shear) along with the additional increase in SSTs resulting from the long - term warming trend.

Since El Nino also has an important impact on the Asian Summer Monsoon in particular, its hard to know precisely what large - scale changes in atmospheric circulation are due to the radiative forcing of the eruption itself, and the secondary response to that eruption of ENSO.

There is high confidence that this has caused large - scale changes in the ocean, in the cryosphere, and in sea level in the second half of the 20th century.

A simple top - down analysis, based on global scale changes in carbon dioxide and methane, provides some insight into the potential impact of U.S. shale gas production and displacement of coal on global climate.

The paper he wrote together with Friis - Christensen in which he found a correlation between solar activity and clouds had a «slight» flaw: it ignored that the period of the study coincided with a big El Nino, and that large scale changes in ocean surface temperature are going to have an effect on cloud formation.

When you consider the entire satellite era (1979 to present), signal - to - noise ratios for global - scale changes in lower tropospheric temperature now exceed 5 — even for UAH lower tropospheric temperature data (see...» fact sheet «-RRB-.

This means that there were large - scale changes in the carbon cycle over a short geological timescale of several tens of thousands of years.

The wide variety of mark - making and scale changes in Tight Shot amount to Pleasant's two - cents in the historical debate over the «what» and the «how» — in other words, form and content — in evoking an emotional response from the viewer.

«The issue of feral cats is not going away any time soon,» he and his colleagues warned, «and no matter what options are taken, it may well be a generation or more before we can expect broad - scale changes in human behavior regarding outdoor cats.»