The sparse proxy data failed to predict modern large -
scale ocean circulation patterns.
Not exact matches
At a global
scale, the increased melting of the ice sheet contributes to rising sea level and may impact global
ocean circulation patterns through the so - called «thermohaline
circulation'that sustains among others, the Gulf Stream, which keeps Europe warm.
He believes that no one has thought of combining the two theories before because it's not an intuitive idea to look at how the effects of changing
patterns of
ocean circulation, which occur on time
scales of thousands of years, would effect global silicate weathering, which in turn controls global climate on time
scales of 100s of thousands of years.
And what we see is both how complex climate changes can be and how profound an effect changing
patterns of
ocean circulation can have on global climate states, if looked at on a geological time
scale.»
There is so little understanding about how the
ocean parses its response to forcings by 1) suppressing (local convective
scale) deep water formation where excessive warming
patterns are changed, 2) enhancing (local convective
scale) deep water formation where the changed excessive warming
patterns are co-located with increased evaporation and increased salinity, and 3) shifting favored deep water formation locations as a result of a) shifted
patterns of enhanced warming, b) shifted
patterns of enhanced salinity and c) shifted
patterns of
circulation which transport these enhanced
ocean features to critically altered destinations.
We need to be cognizant of everything from local -
scale stable boundary layer micrometeorolgy and
ocean unstable boundary layer turbulent processes to global oceanic and atmospheric
circulation patterns such as the Arctic Oscillation and the Gulf Stream's seasonal evolution.
On the longest time -
scale of geologic time, the shape and location of the continents helps to determine the
oceans»
circulation patterns.
The large interannual to decadal hydroclimatic variability in winter precipitation is highly influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Pacific
Ocean and associated changes in large -
scale atmospheric
circulation patterns [16].
The most natural type of long term variability is in my view based on slowly varying changes in
ocean circulation, which doesn't necessarily involve major transfer of heat from one place to another but influences cloudiness and other large
scale weather
patterns and through that the net energy flux of the Earth system.
Gyre - Basin -
scale ocean horizontal
circulation pattern with slow flow circulating around the
ocean basin, closed by a strong and narrow (100 - 200 km wide) boundary current on the western side.
These
ocean upwelling conditions occur beneath a complementary downwelling branch of the atmosphere's Hadley
circulation — a planetary -
scale flow
pattern in both hemispheres that takes humid air ascending at low latitudes, heats and desiccates it in deep precipitating tropical clouds, and then sinks it at midlatitudes, where it is considerably warmer and drier than it was.
Modes or
patterns of climate variability - Natural variability of the climate system, in particular on seasonal and longer time
scales, predominantly occurs with preferred spatial
patterns and time
scales, through the dynamical characteristics of the atmospheric
circulation and through interactions with the land and
ocean surfaces.
9.3.1 Global Mean Response 9.3.1.1 1 % / yr CO2 increase (CMIP2) experiments 9.3.1.2 Projections of future climate from forcing scenario experiments (IS92a) 9.3.1.3 Marker scenario experiments (SRES) 9.3.2
Patterns of Future Climate Change 9.3.2.1 Summary 9.3.3 Range of Temperature Response to SRES Emission Scenarios 9.3.3.1 Implications for temperature of stabilisation of greenhouse gases 9.3.4 Factors that Contribute to the Response 9.3.4.1 Climate sensitivity 9.3.4.2 The role of climate sensitivity and
ocean heat uptake 9.3.4.3 Thermohaline
circulation changes 9.3.4.4 Time -
scales of response 9.3.5 Changes in Variability 9.3.5.1 Intra-seasonal variability 9.3.5.2 Interannual variability 9.3.5.3 Decadal and longer time -
scale variability 9.3.5.4 Summary 9.3.6 Changes of Extreme Events 9.3.6.1 Temperature 9.3.6.2 Precipitation and convection 9.3.6.3 Extra-tropical storms 9.3.6.4 Tropical cyclones 9.3.6.5 Commentary on changes in extremes of weather and climate 9.3.6.6 Conclusions
This in turn helps explain how factors such as fresh water from melting ice or changes in global wind
patterns might lead to large -
scale changes in
ocean circulation or climate in the future.