Not exact matches
That question is central to understanding the effects of ice sheet melting on
ocean water properties,
circulation, and biological
systems, on
scales from local to basinwide.
Lozier (p. 1507) discusses how recent studies have challenged our view of large -
scale ocean circulation as a simple conveyor belt, by revealing a more complex and nuanced
system that reflects the effects of
ocean eddies and surface atmospheric winds on the structure and variability of the
ocean's overturning.
The
system has a large number of interacting parts — cloud, ice, biology, dust,
ocean and atmospheric
circulation — that together result in climate variation at all
scales.
The most natural type of long term variability is in my view based on slowly varying changes in
ocean circulation, which doesn't necessarily involve major transfer of heat from one place to another but influences cloudiness and other large
scale weather patterns and through that the net energy flux of the Earth
system.
Modes or patterns of climate variability - Natural variability of the climate
system, in particular on seasonal and longer time
scales, predominantly occurs with preferred spatial patterns and time
scales, through the dynamical characteristics of the atmospheric
circulation and through interactions with the land and
ocean surfaces.
Abrupt climate changes, such as the collapse of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, the rapid loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet or large -
scale changes of
ocean circulation systems, are not considered likely to occur in the 21st century, based on currently available model results.
Using atmospheric general -
circulation models, as well as coupled
ocean - atmosphere models, he investigates the interactions between large -
scale climate
systems such as
ocean and wind currents to understand natural variability and how climate responds to human - made forcings.