Is the United States at risk for a large -
scale outbreak of Zika or other mosquito - borne disease?
Not exact matches
The Ebola
outbreak of late 2013 to 2015 — which may now be a faded memory to many, particularly to those
of us in the developed world who understood its distant horror and
scale only by the headlines — killed more than 11,000 people.
Perhaps more importantly, the
outbreak of war in former Yugoslavia, and what was widely regarded as the EU's confused, divided and often impotent response to it, not only illustrated the weakness
of the EU's political present, but also indicated that regional conflicts had replaced large -
scale territorial war as the principal security threat.
Further muddying matters, some researchers claim that the disorder is simply an extreme variant on an existing disease, pointing to similar, if smaller -
scale,
outbreaks of «disappearing disease» among bees that struck in the 1930s and 1970s, with equal lack
of explanation.
The team, who published their findings in the journal Science, predict the next large -
scale epidemic is unlikely to emerge for at least another ten years — although there is a possibility
of smaller
outbreaks in this time.
This would allow the facilitation
of early interventions in emerging yellow fever
outbreaks — which is key to prevent large
scale outbreaks.»
Last spring a research team led by Michael Tippett, associate professor
of applied physics and applied mathematics at Columbia Engineering, published a study showing that the average number
of tornadoes during
outbreaks — large -
scale weather events that can last one to three days and span huge regions — has risen since 1954.
(A) Unrooted phylogenetic tree
of EBOV samples; each major clade corresponds to a distinct
outbreak (
scale bar = nucleotide substitutions per site).
A
scale - up
of the Ebola response is needed at «three to four times» what is currently in place and would take at least $ 600 million and perhaps a lot more to contain it, David Nabarro, head
of the U.N. response to the Ebola
outbreak, told reporters on Wednesday.
The hard - learned lessons from earlier Ebola
outbreaks — early case identification, communicating how to protect oneself and tracking all people who may have been exposed — are challenging to apply in this epidemic, which is hobbled by poor health infrastructure, the massive
scale of the
outbreak and little funding to mount a comprehensive response.
While climate conditions in the U.S. are increasingly favorable to mosquitos, socioeconomic factors such as access to clean water and air conditioning make large -
scale outbreaks unlikely, according to new analysis
of existing research — but small -
scale, localized
outbreaks are an ongoing concern.
A few months ago, massive
outbreaks called for large -
scale humanitarian efforts, including the construction
of many large Ebola treatment centers.
Due to the
scale of the last
outbreak we now have access to more survivors who can help us understand more about the damage that this virus causes and the long term problems it causes.
However, the researchers also considered another possibility: If forests regenerate as mosaics
of suitable trees on the landscape (based on size and density), though individual trees may come under attack by bark beetles, this variability might also protect the forest from broad -
scale outbreaks.
By leading to variability in the density and size
of trees that grow during recovery, large fires reduce the future vulnerability
of forests to bark beetle attacks and broad -
scale outbreaks.
I AM working with medical staff in the West African country
of Sierra Leone, where the people have never experienced an
outbreak of Ebola on this
scale before.
There were several smaller naval battles in the first few months after the
outbreak of the war, but given the strength
of the British Royal Navy, the Germans were reluctant to risk a full -
scale battle until 1916.
None
of us experienced in containing
outbreaks has ever seen in our lifetimes an emergency on this
scale with this degree
of suffering and with this magnitude
of cascading consequences.
While samples from other countries are still being analysed, it looks as if all the
outbreaks started with the large -
scale distribution
of one strain, says Klaus Stöhr, WHO head
of influenza.
Yet, when population levels
of immunity drop, then these potentially lethal infectious diseases that had been prevented in the past will reappear in sporadic
outbreaks or, dangerously, as large -
scale epidemics.
The frequency
of large -
scale tornado
outbreaks is increasing in the United States, particularly when it comes to the most extreme events, according to research recently published in Science.
Last June, in the early days
of the Ebola
outbreak in Western Africa, a team
of researchers sequenced the genome
of the deadly virus at unprecedented
scale and speed.
Rapid and large -
scale sequencing
of pathogen genomes, which provides stronger and more accurate evidence than was previously possible for source and contact tracing, is being applied widely for disease
outbreak management [4]- most recently and publicly in the case
of the Ebola
outbreak in West Africa [5], [6].
Due to the sheer
scale of this
outbreak compared to previous ones we are going to see aspects
of Ebola virus infection that we have not observed before.
«There are many lessons to be learnt and changes to be made that will hopefully stop an
outbreak occurring on this
scale again, but for me, the most positive message to take from this
outbreak is the dedication and courage
of the staff who worked in the many Ebola treatment centres in Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia.
The
scale and scope
of these data are enabling genotype - phenotype association studies to identify genetic determinants
of pathogen virulence and drug / insecticide resistance, and phylogenetic studies to track the origin and spread
of disease
outbreaks.
The mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins, Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) is a native insect
of the pine forests
of western North America, and its populations periodically erupt into large -
scale outbreaks.
Insect
outbreaks such as this represent an important mechanism by which climate change may undermine the ability
of northern forests to take up and store atmospheric carbon, and such impacts should be accounted for in large -
scale modelling analyses.
We learn that there's been a full -
scale outbreak in Willamette once again, and though Frank fiercely refuses to live through another zombie apocalypse, the idea
of yet another huge story eggs him onwards, plus he learns that Vick went into the town earlier and has yet to return.
In particular, these handouts cover the following specific content about tuberculosis in South Africa: Case study
of one communicable disease, such as malaria or tuberculosis, at a country
scale, either an LIDC or EDC, including: o environmental and human causes
of the disease o prevalence, incidence and patterns
of the disease o socio - economic impacts
of the disease o direct and indirect strategies used by government and international agencies to mitigate against the disease and respond to
outbreaks.
Future pandemic flu
outbreaks would be ranked, like hurricanes, on a
scale of 1 to 5, and school closures
of up to three months would be recommended for more severe
outbreaks, according to a planning guide released jointly last week by the Department
of Education, the Department
of Health and Human Services, and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
There might be sudden demands to train healthcare workers on handling a virus
outbreak or
scaling up the production
of specific drugs to handle an epidemic.
Back at the college, the intern will work with the shelter medicine faculty in veterinary forensic medicine, shelter consultations, diagnosis and management
of disease
outbreaks in shelters, and large -
scale field responses to disasters involving animals, including mass seizures
of abused or neglected animals.
The
outbreak is presented on a massive
scale, with virtually an endless stream
of enemies coming after Frank around every corner.
This new «Story Trailer» for Dead Rising 3 doesn't really change trajectory, but it does give us an idea
of the sheer sense
of scale of the zombie
outbreak.
The Ebola epidemic continues to rage in West Africa, and while it is very unlikely to reach pandemic
scale (see The Economist), the
outbreak provides a reminder
of the linkages between disrupted ecosystems and human illness.
This team is the first to account for large
scale insect
outbreaks in an analysis
of forest carbon balances - and to show the positive feedback loop between climate change and warmth loving insect pests.
Last January, when there was a rare winter tornado
outbreak, and some talk
of human - driven global warming playing a role, I consulted a batch
of meteorologists and climate scientists who have studied trends in the categories
of tornadoes that kill people, which are those designated F2 through F5 on the five - step Fujita
scale of intensity (gauged by the amount and type
of damage that is wrought).
So far this year there have been six severe, large -
scale thunderstorm
outbreaks, each causing billions
of dollars in losses.
In one case, an unprecedented loss
of trees triggered by the pine beetle
outbreak in western North America has decreased the net carbon balance on a
scale comparable to British Columbia's current fossil fuel emissions
«We need to relocalize the food system so we're not facing national
outbreaks of this
scale,» argues Dr. Lorna Medd, an outspoken chief medical officer
of health on Vancouver Island.
Healthy forest stands and landscapes, and mixed species and / or mixed size forests, stand a much better chance
of at least slowing an
outbreak down, especially at as the spatial
scale increases.
Because natural fire regimes varied widely historically, and are complicated in many places by similar variability in logging practices and intensities, the effect
of fire reductions on bark beetle
outbreaks varies considerably and involves several issues
of spatial and temporal
scale variability.