Sentences with phrase «scale time cycles»

Not exact matches

Almost all organisms exhibit scaling exponents very close to 3/4 for metabolic rate and to 1/4 for biological times and dimensions (eg lifespan, cardiac cycle, aorta length, tree height).

19 The existence of a limit cycle requires that there be two time - scales in the underlying chemical mechanism (e.g., John W. Avitabile, Jr., and Andrew C. DeRocco, «Time Delay, Epigenetic Dynamics and Circadian Oscillations,» Bioptime - scales in the underlying chemical mechanism (e.g., John W. Avitabile, Jr., and Andrew C. DeRocco, «Time Delay, Epigenetic Dynamics and Circadian Oscillations,» BiopTime Delay, Epigenetic Dynamics and Circadian Oscillations,» Biophys.

This book covers: - The need to advance exclusive breastfeeding - Obstacles and opportunities for exclusive breastfeeding during the reproductive health continuum - Findings related to the obstacles, opportunities, current interventions, and gaps at eight time periods during the reproductive health cycle - Suggestions for innovative implementation to advance exclusive breastfeeding - The Surgeon General's Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding - Monitoring, evaluation, and research needs - Considerations for expansion, replication, and scaling up of activities - Next steps

Measuring - Temperature and Thermometers Classifying Components of Mixtures Predicting - Surveying Opinion SAPA Part C, Directions for the Multiplication Game SAPA Part C and E, Multiplication Game SAPA Part D 1st Draft, c. 1972 The Whirling Dervish The Bouncing Ball The Effect of Liquid on Living Tissue Rate of Change Observing Growth from Seeds An Intro to Scales Forces on Static and Moving Objects Observations and Inferences Using Punch Cards to Record a Classification Using Maps to Describe Location A Tree Diary SAPA Part D 2nd Draft Observations and Inferences The Bouncing Ball Rate of Change A Tree Diary An Intro to Scales and Scaling Observing Growth from Seeds (The Bean - It Came Up) Forces on Static and Moving Objects Using Punch Cards to Record a Classification Relative Position and Motion Inferring - The Water Cycle Predicting 4 - The Suffocating Candle The Big Cleanup Campaign 2 - D Representation of Spatial Figures Using Maps to Describe Location SAPA Part D Tryout Draft, 1972 Observations and Inferences The Bouncing Ball Measuring Drop by Drop Rate of Change Predicting 4 - The Suffocating Candle Forces on Static and Movign Objects Observing Growth from Seeds Using Space / Time Relationships -2-D Representation of Spatial Figures Using Punch Cards to Record a Classification An Introduction to Scales and Scaling The Effect of Liquid on Living Tissue Inferring - The Water Cycle Relative Position and Motion Using Maps to Describe Location The Big Cleanup Campaign A Tree Diary SAPA II Module (s), c. 1973 1, Tentative Format Sample, Perception of Color 9, Sets and Their Members 6, Direction and Movement, Draft 34, About How Far?

The working group on coupled biogeochemical cycling and controlling factors dealt with questions regarding the role of plankton diversity, how ocean biogeochemistry will respond to global changes on decadal to centennial time scales, the key biogeochemical links between the ocean, atmosphere, and climate, and the role of estuaries, shelves, and marginal seas in the capturing, transformation, and exchange of terrestrial and open - marine material.

Lyons and coauthors, along with research groups from around world over, are focusing current efforts on the timing and drivers of oxygenation in the late Proterozoic, favoring a combination of global - scale mountain building, evolutionary controls on the way carbon is cycled in the biosphere, and concomitant climate events.

For the first time, this study allowed researchers to analyse the effects of the climate change on the forest nutrient cycles, and states that Pyrenean forests can register these episodes chemical mark at a global scale (for instance, volcanic eruptions in remote areas) and the effects of gas emissions into the atmosphere since the Industrial Revolution.

From May to August 1995, several flares were observed with changes within a time - scale of weeks, and archival data suggests that the star may have a long - term activity cycle (Guinan and Morgan, 1996).

Unprecedented scale, with the capacity to produce up to 1,000 unique mRNA constructs per month, for research, drug discovery and preclinical testing — with a cycle time of a handful of weeks;

This can be done on time scales ranging from the 11 - yr solar cycle to the Phanerozoic as a whole.

For example, 2005 is near solar minimum in the 11 year cycle, and radiance now is about 1 - 2 W / m ^ 2 less than a few years ago, which means Pluto and Mars are getting LESS solar radiance on the time scale of the atmosphere and polar cap changes, EVEN IF the radiance averaged over the whole cycle was higher.

What's Next: PNNL scientists are using a regional model at a much finer scale than conventional climate models to understand the processes that determine the time - scales of MJO and the roles of various types of clouds in its energy cycle.

On shorter time scales, and layered on top of Pacific Decadal Oscillation variation, the Pacific North American pattern and the El Niño - Southern Oscillation cycles (see Climate chapter) can also affect variation in snowpack.

They wrote that their comparisons of sea - level pressures, sea - surface temperatures and land - based air temperatures provided «consistent evidence for strong» regulation of temperatures by changes in ocean cycles «from monthly to century time scales.»

Since then, the world has seen cycles of glaciation with ice sheets advancing and retreating on 40,000 - and 100,000 - year time scales called glacials (glacial advance) and interglacials (glacial retreat).

This doctoral dissertation thus aimed to assess the influence of OA on biogeochemical cycles of elements in natural pelagic food webs of several trophic levels (up to fish larvae) over extended time scales of weeks to months.

This post examines natural paleoclimate trends and simple characteristics of past and present climate cycles at different time scales.

While PALM is typically limited to a single read - out cycle, life cell dSTORM opens exciting possibilities for superresolution imaging of cellular nanostructures over prolonged time scales (1).

CONTENT CONTAINED IN THIS PACKAGE INCLUDES: - LAYERS OF THE EARTH - THE SOLAR SYSTEM - WEATHERING - EROSION - DEPOSITION - THE EARTH»S ATMOSPHERIC LAYERS - COMPOSITE VOLCANOES - SHIELD VOLCANOES - CINDER CONES - CALDERAS - RENEWABLE ENERGY - PLATE BOUNDARY - SUBDUCTION - DIVERGENT - COLLISION - TRANSORM - LANDFORMS - NORMAL FAULT - REVERSE FAULT - STRIKE - SLIP FAULT - PHASES OF THE MOON - COMMON AIR POLLUTANTS - TYPES OF CLOUDS - GEOLOGIC TIME SCALE - THE WATER CYCLE - MINERAL FORMATION - THE ROCK CYCLE - MOHS HARDNESS SCALE - TYPES OF SOIL - TYPES OF STRESS

Markets move in cycles of varying types and time scales.

A correspondent at Outside and frequent contributor to The New York Times, Tim has scaled glaciers, scuba dived, and cycled hundreds of miles to report his stories.

Among these are the alteration of color and light through time, the association of vertical and horizontal intervals, the distance between forms and their relativity to scale, the cycle of cluster to interstice to matrix as the seasons change, and the nuance of variation within the geometry of form or growth.

Shown alongside five new large - scale collage works on paper that use gold leaf, cuttings from the Financial Times, batik fabric flowers and luxury magazine covers, Shonibare's reflection on the Hong Kong economy and its desire for luxury goods is a poignant reminder of the cycle of contradictions surrounding wealth and power, poverty and danger; dare to dream rich and you may lose your head, fail to dream rich and risk dying of poverty.

[Response: From the Supporting Online Information: The 14 proxy series were each smoothed to remove variations on time scales shorter than 20 years by the application of a Gaussian - weighted filter that reduces the amplitude of 20 - year cycles by 50 % and shorter cycles by more than this.

The Earth's rotation and position change in cycles in various ways over long time scales.

... Polar amplification explains in part why Greenland Ice Sheet and the West Antarctic Ice Sheet appear to be highly sensitive to relatively small increases in CO2 concentration and global mean temperature... Polar amplification occurs if the magnitude of zonally averaged surface temperature change at high latitudes exceeds the globally averaged temperature change, in response to climate forcings and on time scales greater than the annual cycle.

For variability on a long time scale, the effect is generally constant over a short time period (such as Milankovitch cycles).

We showed that no temperature variability is preserved in our reconstruction at cycles shorter than 300 years, 50 % is preserved at 1000 - year time scales, and nearly all is preserved at 2000 - year periods and longer.

Dr. Archer has worked on the ongoing mystery of the low atmospheric CO2 concentration during glacial time 20,000 years ago, and on the fate of fossil fuel CO2 on geologic time scales in the future, and its impact on future ice age cycles, ocean methane hydrate decomposition, and coral reefs.

Over even longer time scales (hundreds of years) there are a number of paleo - records that correlate with records of cosmogenic isotopes (particularly 10Be and 14C), however, these records are somewhat modulated by climate processes themselves (the carbon cycle in the case of 14C, aerosol deposition and transport processes for 10Be) and so don't offer an absolutely clean attribution.

The article by Damon and Laut (2004) also shows that when solar cycle length is scaled up as much as it is in the above figure in order to match the 1940 - 1990 temperature record, that this implies a great mismatch for the earlier periods in time.

The most dominant change in TC activity is related to natural cycles (on inter-annual and inter-decadal time scales), which we would call «noise» in a trend analysis in which the trend would be the «signal».

(57k) When I state that the equilibrium climatic response must balance imposed RF (and feedbacks that occur), I am referring to a global time average RF and global time average response (in terms of radiative and convective fluxes), on a time scale sufficient to characterize the climatic state (including cycles driven by externally - forced cycles (diurnal, annual) and internal variability.

The pattern would respond to externally forced diurnal and seasonal and orbital - scale cycles with some lag time from thermal and mechanical and compositional, etc, inertia, but with a constant pattern of heat accumulation and depletion over each cycle.

While the characteristic time scales of the deep oceans, the cryosphere, and the carbon cycle are much longer, the fact remains that these problems are to all appearances separable.

The equilbrium global time average response (on a time scale sufficient to characterize externally - forced cycles (day, year) and internal varibility) to an imposed global time average radiative forcing is a change that balances the externally imposed forcing plus any non-Planck feedbacks (where the Planck response is part of the response to the other feedbacks.

This leaves the solar cycle the only known cause of climate change on large scale, up to modern times where there is a documented antropogenic contribution.

The oceans hold the majority of heat in the system, are full of sloshy cycles on time scales from years to decades and, despite an increase in monitoring using sophisticated diving buoys, remain only spottily tracked.

One of the gravest mistakes in the attribution of cycles is trying to fit sinusoids with long time scales to short time series.

The metabolic processes that are responsible for plant growth and maintenance and the microbial turnover, which is associated with dead organic matter decomposition, control the cycle of carbon, nutrients, and water through plants and soil on both rapid and intermediate time - scales.

Clearly, the loss of biodiversity (estimated at thousands of times the natural backgroud rate), the number of well known species that are threatened (10 - 40 % depending on taxonomic group), the loss of 10,000 - 30,000 genetically distinct populations per day (see Hughes et al., 1997) massive declines of groundwater, soil productivity and fertility, etc. as well as the fact that human activities now impact biogeochemical cycles over huge spatial scales is sufficient evidence that our species is living off of natural capital, rather than income.

Granted, the data is quite chaotic on the multi-century time scale, though it clearly follows a 120Kyr cycle.

The National Research Council of the U.S. National Academy of Sciences has embraced the Milankovitch Cycle model... orbital variations remain the most thoroughly examined mechanism of climatic change on time scales of tens of thousands of years and are by far the clearest c...

The Project focused on historical analyses of the hydrological cycle on a broad range of weather and climate time scales and placed the NASA EOS suite of observations in a climate context.

It also has the potential to help various participants in the agriculture cycle more intelligently join in the appropriate risk management markets via the extension of reliable outlooks beyond the current limited time scales.

The principal scientific objective is to make global SSS measurements over the ice - free oceans with 150 - km spatial resolution, and to achieve a measurement error less than 0.2 (PSS - 78 [practical salinity scale of 1978]-RRB- on a 30 - day time scale, taking into account all sensors and geophysical random errors and biases.Salinity is indeed a key indicator of the strength of the hydrologic cycle because it tracks the differences created by varying evaporation and precipitation, runoff, and ice processes.

The cyclic ocean currents (for example) operate on time scales similar to the solar cycle.

Strength of the Earth's magnetosphere is directly proportional to the strength of the Earth's magnetic field at any time scale from days to months years, solar cycles or Hale cycles periods, centuries, millennia..

e.g. Y. Markonis, and D. Koutsoyiannis, Climatic variability over time scales spanning nine orders of magnitude: Connecting Milankovitch cycles with Hurst — Kolmogorov dynamics, Surveys in Geophysics, 34 (2), 181 — 207, doi: 10.1007 / s10712 -012-9208-9, 2013.

The smallness of that variation from peak to trough of a single cycle has caused considerable doubt as to how significant changes in the air temperatures could occur at time scales of up to a century but the net energy delivery effect of a change of length does not appear to have been properly investigated.