Sentences with phrase «scale variation of»

(Solar - cycle variation of nitrates also suggests that we do not require global - scale variation of temperature to explain some geological evidence of past solar cycles in lake sediments or shallow sea sediments.

Moreover, the Niño3 index does not capture the low frequency, decadal scale variations of tropical climate that could influence the extratropics (Deser et al. 2004).

If we write the equations for large - scale variations of temperature and humidity, there will be at least four unknown terms that describe the heating and drying from unresolved convection.

Not exact matches

Asked about the adequacy of the scale of any these initiatives, Barton's answers often start with variations on his favoured metaphor of the flywheel — the industrial - age image of a heavy wheel used to build power on a revolving shaft.

But given the scale of variation in these fairly noisy series, I don't see how anyone is ready to declare a trend just yet.

What it does prove is small scale, reversible population variations over short windows of time.

Like any philosophical movement of larger scale, process philosophy has internal divisions and variations.

Except for the small - scale but highly trafficked site located in Maryland's Baltimore / Washington International Airport, all of The Greene Turtle's 33 franchise and company locations use the same menu — occasionally with slight variations — which changes once or twice annually.

This massive dataset is a powerful resource for understanding natural genetic variation in rice as well as for large - scale discovery of new genes associated with economically important traits.

More recently, researchers using variations on Anda and Felitti's ACE scale have found that growing up in a chronically stressful home, as indicated by an elevated ACE score, has a direct negative effect on the development of children's executive functions and, by extension, on their ability to learn effectively in school.

In scaling models, we reduce our corpus of texts to a document - term - matrix (DTM) and consider the variation in term use across the matrix.

It is found that the performance of NB sensors is strongly limited by the presence of the soil moisture and by its small - scale variations.

Then, climate shifts, continent re-arrangements, and ecological variations caused large scale extinctions in some parts of the world.

Using different calibration and filtering processes, the two researchers succeeded in combining a wide variety of available data from temperature measurements and climate archives in such a way that they were able to compare the reconstructed sea surface temperature variations at different locations around the globe on different time scales over a period of 7,000 years.

The results of a large - scale survey of venom variation in the two snake species, published January 8, 2015 in the journal Genetics, challenge common assumptions in venom evolution research, provide crucial information for rattlesnake conservation, and will help coral snake antivenom development.

On a millennial time scale, conventional climate models underestimated the variations of sea surface temperatures reconstructed from climate archives by a factor of 50.

Martin King hopes that renewed interest in the seasonal variation of El Niño tele - connections in Europe will contribute to further progress in climate predictions on monthly and seasonal scales.

«We use exogenous variation from an ERI program in Illinois in the mid-1990s to provide the first evidence in the literature of the effects of large - scale teacher retirements on student achievement.

Headquartered in San Diego, California, Illumina develops microarray technologies used in large - scale analysis of genetic variation and function.

They were thus able to study the geographical variation in the percentage of large species that became extinct on a much finer scale than previously achieved.

The team also found structural variation on a minute scale throughout the eggshell, though it's only about a third of a millimeter thick.

Further observations will be used to refine the global map, to construct local and regional digital elevation models for scientific analysis and aid in assessment of future landing sites, and to attempt to detect and characterize global - scale seasonal variations.

Yet, the standard model of cosmology rests on the assumption that, on the largest scales, these variations are insignificant, and space is homogeneous and isotropic.

«Variations of the AIMD algorithm are used in basically every large - scale distributed communication network,» says Navlakha.

The paper titled «First Circumpolar Assessment of Southern Hemisphere Humpback Whale Mitochondrial Genetic Variation at Multiple Scales and Implications for Management» now appears in the online version of Endangered Species Research.

This study also highlights the impact of fine - scale variation in coastal ocean chemistry on coral reefs.

Based on an improved understanding of the photoemission process itself this will serve in future experiments to resolve variations of light fields with sub-atomic resolution, i.e. on a scale that was not accessible up to now.

The researchers suggest that the sheer scale of East Asia and dramatic variations in its climate may have prevented the sweeping influence of Neolithic agriculture and the accompanying migrations that replaced hunter - gatherers across much of Europe.

Equipped with faster, cheaper technologies for sequencing DNA and assessing variation in genomes on scales ranging from one to millions of bases, researchers are finding out how truly different we are from one another.

According to the first theory, the seeds which gave rise to the present day structure in the Universe are quantum fluctuations, minute variations on a subatomic scale that were expanded by more than 60 orders of magnitude as the Universe went through an «inflationary phase» — a period of extremely rapid expansion — first proposed by Alan Guth of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

«Large - scale environmental variation affects reproduction and survival of plants.»

In addition to identifying a gene that raises risk for colorectal cancer from eating red or processed meat, the study — the first to identify the interactions of genes and diet on a genome - wide scale — also reveals another specific genetic variation that appears to modify whether eating more vegetables, fruits and fiber actually lowers your colorectal cancer risk.

We performed artificial selection on the allometry between forewing area and body size in a butterfly to test for developmental constraints, and then used the resultant increased range of phenotypic variation to quantify natural selection on the scaling relationship.

Sampling song from males at high and low elevations from two different mountains allowed us to (i) assess the presence of any differences in song structure at different elevations and (ii) consider the potential mechanism generating variation or song dialects on a small spatial scale.

«What this tells us is over a relatively short time on an evolutionary time scale, on the order of five million years, you get tremendous variation in the DNA of two similar organisms,» Perna notes.

At larger scales, however, Planck reveals that one half of the universe has bigger variations than the other.

Next, the association between brain network organization and individual variation in intelligence was examined by correlating the full - scale IQ scores with the λ and γ values of the individual brain networks within the clear small - world range of 0.3 ≤ T ≤ 0.5.

Cell growth and survival were assessed in parallel using a method developed by the Sorger lab that corrects for growth rate variations and makes large - scale comparisons of drug response more accurate.

For example, El Niño and La Niña described above characterize year - to - year variations of climate whereas the intra-seasonal time scale, discussed in our review article, bridges weather and climate, i.e. 20 to 100 days.

We had high hopes for SNP arrays and GWAS, but as I discussed in my previous post, sequencing at large scale is required to uncover the full scope of genetic variation underlying complex phenotypes.

Modes of climate variability contribute to significant MHW variations both regionally, and globally, but do not greatly affect the centennial - scale secular changes described above.

On this latter scale teleconnections manifest as a response of middle - latitude weather to the dominant modes of variability of the tropics (the Madden - Julian Oscillation and the Boreal Summer Intra-seasonal Oscillations, which similar to El Niño and La Niña characterize variations of climate but on shorter time scales).

It merely highlights the fallacy of looking for one single «driver» that explains climate variations on all time scales.

We infer that the previously unstudied WAP embayments are important foraging areas for whales during autumn and, furthermore, that meso - scale variation in the distribution of whales and their prey are important features of this system.

What makes the effort particularly tricky is that the prediction of natural variations like El Niño are typically only accurate on the scale of a few months, so looking out several years presents a serious challenge.

The records document that the Laschamp Excursion was characterized locally by (1) declination changes of ± 120 °, (2) inclination changes of more than 140 °, (3) ~ 1200 - year oscillations in both inclination and declination, (4) near 90 ° out - of - phase relationships between inclinations and declinations that produced two clockwise loops in directions and virtual geomagnetic poles (VGPs) followed by a counterclockwise loop, (5) excursional VGPs during both intervals of clockwise looping, (6) magnetic field intensities less than 10 % of normal that persisted for almost 2000 years, (7) marked similarity in excursional directions over ~ 5000 km spatial scale length, and (8) secular variation rates comparable to historic field behavior but persisting in sign for hundreds of years.

The ubiquity of these markers and the fact that these polymorphisms show variation at such a fine scale (i.e., at the individual level) makes them ideal markers for many applications, such as population - level genetic diversity studies and genetic mapping in plants.

Many of the planetary scale atmospheric waves are expressed as thermal variations on the background atmosphere.

Monitoring, understanding, and predicting oceanic variations associated with natural climate variability and human - induced changes, and assessing the related roles of the ocean on multiple spatial - temporal scales.

On decadal time scales, annual streamflow variation and precipitation are driven by large - scale patterns of climate variability, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (see teleconnections description in Climate chapter)(Pederson et al. 2011a; Seager and Hoerling 2014).