The Obama administration's Dietary Guidelines for Americans, released earlier this month, are supposed to represent the best
scientific judgments on what people need to do to stay healthy.
I have read as much about this controversy as I ever intend to, and come to the firm conviction that I don't have the technical background and / or time required to make
a scientific judgment on the issue one way or another.
It seems clear to me that if a group (such as EPA) wanted to get an objective
scientific judgment on climate change science, CRU et al., and therefore the IPCC, might be the last place that they would want to rely on.
Not exact matches
To ensure that «
scientific data is never distorted» and that «
scientific decisions are based
on facts, not ideology» Obama effectively denies that there are any political
judgments that can't be settled by
scientific investigation.
When the proclaimers go beyond the Gospel and insist
on the soundness of prudential and
scientific judgments that they are not equipped to make, they weaken the authority of their witness.
The alleged lack of
scientific studies and the amount of clinical
judgment involved in concussion management, and the lack of uananimity, either about grading the severity of concussions or in return to play guidelines, while it complicates our efforts to educate parents
on concussions, should not be used as an excuse to do nothing.
A
scientific study is not a
judgment on you — each study is simply a search for another piece of the puzzle.
Dr. James McKenna, the director of the Mother - Baby Behavioral Sleep Laboratory at the University of Notre Dame noted that the
judgments people place
on a child's development because of bed - sharing are societal and have no
scientific evidence to back them up.
The Nussenzweigs learned early to trust their
scientific judgment and rely
on each other.
Pioneered in Denmark, consensus conferences allow a cross section of members of the public to pass
judgment on controversial
scientific topics.
A
judgment of each estimate's reliability is given as a level of
scientific understanding based
on uncertainties in the climate change agents and physical understanding of their radiative effects.
While we can make assumptions and predictions based
on other similar diets, the real
judgment made with
scientific arguments and based
on evidence can not be given as of yet.
These guidelines are the product of nearly a year's work by experts in the field of autistic spectrum disorders and are based
on validated
scientific evidence, clinical experience and clinical
judgment.
Each practitioner did his or her own thing when it came to vaccinating dogs and cats, and to make matters worse there wasn't much in the way of
scientific research to base these
judgments on.
On the
scientific - ontological conception, the natural world as it is — independent of scientists» beliefs, goals, desires, or representations of the facts — constrains which
judgments count as objective.
Another lesson learned from the
scientific and moral - rationalist conceptions of objectivity is that objective
judgments,
on whatever conception, are constrained
judgments.
Secondly, with regard to Mr. Taylor's comment about scientists potentially imposing «value
judgments» and the inappropriateness of that, how can any one of us, lay or
scientific, not impose a value
judgment on our beloved Earth and its desperate need for healing, compassion and immediate action from all of us to create healthier living conditions for all species?
I'm not the most qualified to make a
judgment on their
scientific work, but the two authors seem eager to attribute those measurments to an increase of solar irradiance since 1980, though no serious discussion about the other possible mechanisms (like atmospheric changes) is made in the paper.
Nor can it be credibly asserted that the Center was until recently unaware of the manner in which Dr Soon had declared his affiliation in his
scientific papers over the past quarter of a century: for a member of senior management (a botanist) has seen fit to pass
judgment on the quality of Dr Soon's research (in astrophysics), from which it may legitimately be inferred that he had read — or at any rate ought to have read — at least one of Dr Soon's 60 published papers in order to come to a view
on the quality of his research.
[16] Two, in so doing, they are making a political and not a
scientific judgment, though they're not always clear
on this point.
His
judgments in this matter have been atrocious, beneath dignity, lacking in any sort of
scientific integrity or common courtesy, and indicate an inability
on his part to lead the NCDC.
In no way do my values suggest that debate should be curtailed: I merely insist that a
scientific debate should take place in the
scientific literature and that the public be put in a position where it can make an informed
judgment about the voices that are opposing mainstream science
on crucial issues ranging from climate change to vaccination.
Inquiring minds would like to know whether Al Gore's psychological stability has any bearing
on his «
scientific judgment» and consensus building skills.
The recognition of
scientific expertise — the very stuff that enables scientists to build
on prior results — at the same time makes
scientific judgments inescapably personal and historical, undermining our deepest wishes for knowledge that might somehow be transcendent.»
Since
scientific theories are not «real» the public must rely
on the
judgment of the experts in deciding public policy.
Following a
judgment by a Dutch court that the government must step up the fight against climate change, a prominent international lawyer recently proposed that the International Court of Justice rule
on climate science so that the
scientific disputes in this area can be settled.
First, justifications offered for
scientific research
on geoengineering already involve value
judgments of their own, and ethicists are trained to clarify and assess value
judgments.
But if you firmly hold that you have a significant conclusion
on this somewhat esoteric topic, the place to have that conclusion tested is in the published
scientific literature - that's what peer review is all about, to provide a mechanism for an adjudicated evaluation and
judgment of your argument by experts.
It appears clear that fair amount of actual experience of doing science in the same or analogous fields is needed, before people can make reasonable
judgments on the value of specific
scientific approaches.
But the only reason it is of any value to such a person is that «
scientific consensus» is not something scientists themselves treat as relevant evidence when they exercise professional
judgment on matters w / i the domain of their expertise.
This tells us something important about the
judgment of the
scientific community that expects us to trust that exact same
judgment on the question of whether global warming is the fault of human beings.
I also find that many of those who might be categorized in the identified groups
on AGW are in that category not so much for their
judgment on the
scientific evidence but rather their grounding in the politics of the matter.
Guidance developed by Moss and Schneider (2000) for the IPCC
on dealing with uncertainty describes two key attributes that they argue are important in any
judgment about climate change: the amount of evidence available to support the
judgment being made and the degree of consensus within the
scientific community about that
judgment.
Then, after the
scientific community has come close to their point of closure or look like they can have no closure
on the «hide the decline» team, our culture will pass its
judgment on the existing
scientific community as a whole.
Richard, the IPCC (reports) are based
on scientific rigour, hard facts, accumulated meaningful evidence, dialectic argument, and rational reasoned best
judgments.
Who is the «we» who should be making
judgments on the anthropocene, even within the constrained
scientific debate?
The real fantasists here are those like CJ who imagine that they can stand
judgment on 200 years of cumulative
scientific knowledge, by rubbishing all those men and women who have established the understanding we now have, including the
scientific evidence for global warming resulting from human activities that is now incontrovertible.
Edwards Lifesciences LLC & Ors v Boston
Scientific Scimed Inc [2018] EWCA Civ 673 (28 March 2018)-- a Court of Appeal
judgment on obviousness and expert witnesses.
Giving
judgment in R (
on the application of Dimmock) v Secretary of State for Education and Skills [2007] EWHC 2288 (Admin), [2007] All ER (D) 117 (Oct) Mr Justice Burton said the DVD contained many factual and
scientific errors, but that the guidance notes (in their amended version) could shift the perceived motive for the distribution of the DVD from its original objective of «influenc [ing] the opinions of children» to a new objective of «stimulat [ing] children into discussing climate change and global warming in school classes».
But ultimately these
judgments rest not
on the
scientific or social facts as such, but
on moral
judgment calls about how one evaluates these facts.
The Court of Appeal judges used their
judgment on two preliminary issues (in particular, whether Dr Singh could use the defence of «fair comment») to mount a robust and somewhat lyrical defence (quoting Milton, amongst other things) of the right to
scientific freedom of expression.