Sentences with phrase «scientists measure the temperatures»

The reason climate scientists measure the temperatures in all three regions is that the continent has varied climates.

Not exact matches

The scientists incubated soil from a peatland and a forest in Minnesota at different temperatures and measured the efficiency with which microbes grew.

To measure the van der Waals forces, scientists in Basel used a low - temperature atomic force microscope with a single xenon atom on the tip.

Here, the scientists used the new HERMES instrument to measure the temperature of semiconducting hexagonal boron nitride by directly observing the atomic vibrations that correspond to heat in the material.

A team of scientists using an innovative fiber - optic cable — based technology has measured temperature changes within and below the ice over 14 months.

By measuring the effect for different material thicknesses in the range of a few nanometers up to several micrometers as well as for different temperatures, the scientists have found characteristic behavior.

By measuring the remaining difference — the 20,000 - year old ice deep in the West Antarctic ice sheet is about 1 degree Celsius cooler than the surface — the scientists were able to estimate the original temperature based on how fast pure ice warms up.

Now a group of American and British scientists have used a new chemical technique to measure the change in terrestrial temperature associated with this shift in global atmospheric CO2 concentrations.

Climate scientist Gilbert Compo's response to that was: Well, I'll measure those temperatures differently.

Scientists know that there are various forms of energy, including sensible heat (which we measure as temperature), radiant energy (like what we feel from the sun), and latent heat.

Now, using the Doppler effect to add a third dimension to their data, the scientists have been able to measure the speed of the moving plasma, as well as its direction, temperature and density.

The «smart» Solar Glasses designed as a case study by the scientist and his team at KIT, is self - powered to measure and display the solar illumination intensity and ambient temperature.

Scientists have since graduated to vastly improved technologies for measuring the ocean's temperatures.

To demonstrate the feasibility of the conductors, the scientists fabricated fully printed stretchable pressure and temperature sensors — that can sense weak force and measure heat close to body and room temperatures — wired with the printable elastic conductors on textiles.

To explore the links between climatic warming and rainfall in drylands, scientists from the Universities of Cardiff and Bristol analysed more than 50 years of detailed rainfall data (measured every minute) from a semi-arid drainage basin in south east Arizona exhibiting an upward trend in temperatures during that period.

«Whereas WMAP has measured roughly 10 percent of the information that we can obtain from the CMB temperature fluctuations, Planck should measure essentially all of it,» says project scientist Charles Lawrence of JPL, Goldsmith's counterpart on the Planck mission.

Scientists often measure the effects of temperature on insects to predict how climate change will affect their distribution and abundance, but a Dartmouth study shows for the first time that insects» fear of their predators, in addition to temperature, ultimately limits how fast they grow.

Gestwicki's team decided to use a technology called differential scanning fluorimetry, which allows scientists to measure the temperature at which a target protein begins to melt.

Scientists measured how much carbon dioxide the artificially warmed plants respired — released into the air via their leaves — and learned that over time, the trees acclimated to warmer temperatures and increased their carbon emissions less than expected.

Scientists can measure temperature, pressure and gas motions when they study the signature of molecules in the signals they detect.

Until the giant galactic void was further studied by the University of Minnesota researchers, it was known as the «WMAP Cold Spot» because NASA scientists measured colder temperatures in the region than in surrounding areas.

Scientists only know El Niño and La Niña years are on their way by measuring sea surface temperatures and other weather hints.

This understanding is likely to grow dramatically: since 2000 or so, scientists have deployed some 3,500 autonomous Argo floats, which measure ocean temperature and salinity automatically and continuously — a much more reliable set of records than you can get from ships.

There's no satellite in space that's capable of directly measuring ocean acidity, but an international team of scientists writing in the journal Environmental Science & Technology described last week how satellite measurements of sea surface temperatures, salinity and plankton activity could be combined and used to estimate pH.

In 1749, Scottish scientist Alexander Wilson used several kites, attached in a row, to measure and compare air temperature at different altitudes.

Before today's basic refrigerator could ever be born though, scientists had to tease apart the meaning of temperature, find a standard way to measure it, discover what it takes for water to freeze, and how ice melts.

Because variations in the ground surface temperature over time affect the distribution of temperature in the subsurface, scientists can carefully measure the temperature at depth within these holes and then use mathematical formulas to infer past temperatures at the surface.

Scientists at the Goddard Institute for Space Studies of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) gather data from a global network of some 800 climate - monitoring stations to measure changes in the earth's average temperature.

The NOAA letter states: ``... we have: provided the Committee with the data it has requested, to the extent such data exist; provided citations to peer - reviewed articles that explain the methodology that NOAA scientist use to analyze the data; and explained how the temperature is measured by various means and how such data must be corrected for non-climatic factors.

Scientists rely on automatic stream gauges to measure the temperature of rivers.

While enough small measures could help reduce emissions by 17 percent below 2005 levels by 2020 (the goal of the climate bill that died early in his first term), climate scientists caution that won't be enough to avert the worst impacts of global temperature rise.

* There is too much conflicting evidence about climate change to know whether it is actually happening * Current climate change is part of a pattern that has been going on for millions of years * Climate change is just a natural fluctuation in Earth's temperatures * Even if we do experience some consequences from climate change, we will be able to cope with them * The effects of climate change are likely to be catastrophic * The evidence for climate change is unreliable * There are a lot of very different theories about climate change and little agreement about which is right * Scientists have in the past changed their results to make climate change appear worse than it is * Scientists have hidden research that shows climate change is not serious * Climate change is a scam * Social / behavioural scepticism measures * Climate change is so complicated, that there is very little politicians can do about it * There is no point in me doing anything about climate change because no - one else is * The actions of a single person doesn't make any difference in tackling climate change * People are too selfish to do anything about climate change * Not much will be done about climate change, because it is not in human nature to respond to problems that won't happen for many years * It is already too late to do anything about climate change * The media is often too alarmist about climate change * Environmentalists do their best to emphasise the worst possible effects of climate change * Climate change has now become a bit of an outdated issue * Whether it is important or not, on a day - to - day basis I am bored of hearing about climate change

Although ocean temperatures are more difficult to measure than land temperatures, scientists can use several methods to create an extensive ocean record.

For decades, scientists studying climate change have measured the oxygen isotope ratio in tree - ring cellulose to determine the ambient temperature and relative humidity of past climates.

The international agreements forming the IPCC and the UNFCCC were designed to prevent greenhouse gas warming of the atmosphere, and as those agreements were hammered out, two American scientists, Roy Spencer and John Christy, developed a method that uses data collected from weather satellites to produce science's first comprehensive measure of global atmospheric temperatures.

As the Spencer - Christy method to measure atmospheric temperatures was being developed — a method that would permit scientists to test the greenhouse gas warming hypothesis in the Charney Report — international organizations did not wait to act.

To conduct the research, a team of scientists led by John Fasullo of the US National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colorado, combined data from three sources: NASA's GRACE satellites, which make detailed measurements of Earth's gravitational field, enabling scientists to monitor changes in the mass of continents; the Argo global array of 3,000 free - drifting floats, which measure the temperature and salinity of the upper layers of the oceans; and satellite - based altimeters that are continuously calibrated against a network of tide gauges.

We take a look at how scientists measure global temperature.

Because we didn't have a systematic global set of thermometer measurements before the 1880s, scientists look at other things they can measure — sediment deposits, or tree ring growth in certain ancient, slow - growing trees — which tend to vary along with temperature.

That winter was also to be the coldest in the UK since 1978/79, when climate scientists were still scaring us with stories about imminent global cooling and satellites were only just starting to measure the temperature of the lower troposphere and the beginnings of the «catastrophic» decline in Arctic sea - ice.

If empirical evidence, based on raw data, tested and verified by skeptical scientists, using the same code, algorithms and methods used by Michael Mann, Phil Jones, the IPCC or anyone else showed a cause and effect relationship between rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions followed by rising global temperatures, the amount of which could be quantified and measured, I would have to accept that catastrophic AGW was the likely cause.

Scientists typically measure the temperature of permafrost near the top of the «active layer,» which freezes and thaws seasonally.

In a rather bizarre manner that non-biased scientists would not employ, this study massively adjusted up the ocean buoy temperature measurements in order to match the ship records of engine water intake temperature; yet the buoys were designed to measure surrounding sea temperatures, and the engine intakes were not.

When scientists measure global warming, they examine how much temperatures have changed over time.

I have my doubts that scientists can measure global average temperature to within tenths of a degree at any given time.

Ocean temperatures have risen only 0.1 degree Celsius over the last five decades, according to a landmark study some scientists argue could change the way researchers measure the ocean's temperature levels.

Unlike other scientists in the global warming field who have had to continually backtrack, sidestep and spin erroneous findings when their models proved embarrassingly wrong, Abdussamatov's studies over the last decade have stayed on course, in keeping with the actual temperature readings that ultimately provide a true measure of climate change.

To learn more about how scientists measure surface temperatures from space and the ground, read the new Earth Observatory feature, Where is the Hottest Place on Earth?.

NoTricksZone reader Indomitable Snowman, a scientist who wishes to remain anonymous, has submitted an analysis of June temperature in Germany measured by the DWD German Weather Service.

As just one example; «How we can know an average global sea surface temperature back to 1850 when so much of the world was unexplored let alone its oceans measured» should be just one example that should make scientists question whether the models they build are actually using reliable data, or whether they think they already know the answer and therefore just use data that supports it, no matter its doubtful provenance.