We use data on children born to teen mothers from three waves of the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study - Birth Cohort (N ~ 700) to study the association of family background with children's standardized reading and mathematics achievement
scores at kindergarten entry.
find that the Tulsa state - funded «universal» pre-K program, compared to Tulsa's Head Start programs, has about twice the immediate effects on cognitive test
scores at kindergarten entrance.
(Note on calculations: I used the appendix information on how test scores varied with free and reduced price lunch status, pre-K participation, and pre-K participation interacted with free and reduced price lunch status, as well as published information on the standard deviation of test
scores at kindergarten entrance.
Gormley finds that Tulsa's pre-k program has significant effects on test
scores at kindergarten readiness for all three groups.
Not exact matches
In fact, after last year's Open House
at which
scores of parents signed up for the G&T test on site, the number of Bronx children taking the G&T test for entry to
Kindergarten increased by over 13 percent whereas in other boroughs the testing rate stayed flat or even decreased.
The scientists then looked
at the students» math
scores dating back to
kindergarten.
Catherine Snow: Incorporating Rich Language in Early Education Educations Funders Researchers Initiative, November 18, 2013 «Taking on the task of improving reading skills, for all children and especially for those
scoring at the bottom of the skill distribution, requires three simple things: first, we must provide all children with experiences designed to ensure a broad knowledge base and rich language before entry to
kindergarten; second, we must redesign post-primary instruction to focus on discussion, analysis, critique, and synthesis; and third, we must redirect resources from testing children to assessing what is actually going on inside classrooms,» writes Professor Catherine Snow.
Uccelli and Paez found that, on average, first - grade English narrative quality
scores were higher among children who,
at kindergarten scored higher on the English vocabulary test, used a greater number of distinct words in their English narrative, and had higher story structure
scores on their Spanish narrative.
«Students attending Brighter Choice Charter School
score far below average
at the beginning of
kindergarten, confirming their
at - risk status,» he says.
Using test -
score data from schools throughout Arizona that offer full - day
kindergarten or preschool, Matthew Ladner, the vice president for research
at the free - market - oriented think tank,...
But the slopes are still far from the 45 - degree line, and
at every level of the
kindergarten readiness gap there exists a very large variation in test
score gaps.
In a study tracking children from age 3 through middle school, David Dickinson, now a professor of education
at Vanderbilt University, and Catherine Snow, an education professor
at Harvard University, found that a child's
score on a vocabulary test in
kindergarten could predict reading comprehension
scores in later grades.
However, the achievement gains for charter elementary schools are challenging to estimate and remain unclear because elementary students typically have no baseline test
scores at the time they enter
kindergarten.
The 2003 - 04 second - grade class
scored in the 80th percentile in reading; their
kindergarten scores are unknown because they started
at the school as first - graders.
Individual achievement test
scores can be misleading
at the pre-school and
kindergarten levels, if the child is already reading and doing arithmetic — these abilities are not expected in this age group, so precocious readers or mathies will
score significantly above their age level, just because they are precocious readers or mathies.
The study compared the progress of English - learners as they moved from
kindergarten through elementary grades and into middle school by looking
at their
scores on California's annual English - language proficiency tests, the rates
at which they were reclassified as English - fluent, and their
scores on state exams.
To compute percentile gains
at kindergarten entrance by group, I assumed that the test
score distributions were normal, and test
score distributions were calculated with the overall average
at kindergarten entrance set
at the 50th percentile.
But the estimated future adult earnings gains based on percentile test
score gains
at kindergarten entrance are also large.
Overall, year 1 results on MacMillan for
kindergarten students with lower reading
scores demonstrated a significant difference of.000; for first grade overall results were not significant; second grade results were significant
at.000; and third grade results were significant
at.042.
The study — commissioned by the San Francisco district and conducted by Sean Reardon
at Stanford — compared the progress of English - learners as they moved from
kindergarten through elementary grades and into middle school by looking
at their
scores on California's annual English - language proficiency tests, the rates
at which they were reclassified as English - fluent, and their
scores on state exams.
Nearly 200 schools received an alternate rating — either «satisfactory progress» or «needs improvement» — rather than a number
score because they are new, don't have enough test - takers, serve exclusively
at - risk students, or serve only grades
kindergarten through second.
The new G&T won't be one that begins
at the
Kindergarten level, which would require going through the city centralized process outlined here, but one that starts in 3rd grade and doesn't use standardized test
scores, but instead employs grades and teacher recommendations to determine admission.
In a recent study, researchers from Penn State and Duke looked
at 753 adults who had been evaluated for social competency nearly 20 years earlier while in
kindergarten:
Scores for sharing, cooperating and helping other children nearly always predicted whether a person graduated from high school on time, earned a college degree, had full - time employment, lived in public housing, received public assistance or had been arrested or held in juvenile detention.
Only 20.1 % of these children
scored at or above a standard
score of 498, the level associated with readiness for
Kindergarten entry.
At the end of the school year, another
Kindergarten teacher who has been trained in the evaluation process will review the portfolio submitted by Eric's teacher and assign a
score.
After controlling for demographic characteristics and propensity
scores resulting from pre-enrollment factors, on average,
at the beginning of
kindergarten, children whose
kindergarten enrollment was delayed had the highest
scores in reading and mathematics, followed by children who entered
kindergarten on time.