The antitrust laws are clearly make boycotts such as these per
se illegal.
A per
se illegal price fixing conspiracy can involve not only the prices a firm charges customers or clients, but also the fees it pays for goods and services.
Concerted refusals to deal will be treated as per
se illegal whenever they involve the purposeful elimination or limitation of competition, regardless of the ultimate motive or objective of the alleged conspirators.
Conspiracies among competitors to fix the compensation paid to cooperating brokers may also be deemed per
se illegal.
The California Court of Appeal addressed the tying arrangement by stating that a tie - in is per
se illegal if two elements are met: (1) two separate products are tied, and (2) the seller has «sufficient economic power» over the tying product to restraint free competition in the tied product.
Thus, the court held that the defendants» actions constituted a group boycott which was per
se illegal under the Sherman Act.
The court held that limiting access to the MLS to members of the real estate board operating the MLS was not a per
se illegal tying arrangement.
Use of a VPN is not per
se illegal in most countries (there are exceptions), but using it to circumvent geo - blocking may be.
While Canadian courts have said that third party funding agreements are not per
se illegal (champerty or maintenance) or contrary to public policy, they have said that specific agreements may not be permitted.
The horizontal portion of the conspiracy constitutes per
se illegal conduct in that the Publishers Defendants and Apple agreed to raise, fix, stabilize and maintain the retail consumer prices the eBook versions of hardcover best sellers and new releases at artificially high levels.
But if a sugar association did this, by e.g. threatening not to sell sugar to all supermarkets who provided free xylitol packets, it would be per
se illegal under antitrust law.
Not exact matches
Everyone with a
se - xual organ can theoretically play with it, rub it against other things including other people and their
se - x organs and, as long as they're consenting adults, there is nothing
illegal about it in the slightest.
You Said:» I was asking why selling
se - x was
illegal in the first place.
I was asking why selling
se - x was
illegal in the first place.
Hmm... so, best guess as to «why» selling
se - x is
illegal in the first place...?
But since some members of Congress and millions of anti - abortion / pro-life radicals believe that embryo research per
se should be
illegal, you'd better be pretty careful about which eggs you break if you want to do research on human embryos.
In Brazil and Costa Rica prostitution per
se is legal, but taking advantage or profit from others prostitution is
illegal.
All the same, as in Salvatore Giuliano and Il caso Mattei, Rosi's interest is not so much in exploring the charismatic individual per
se but more in attempting to uncover the social, political, legal and
illegal networks within which these individuals both exercise their power and within which they are, in a sense, imprisoned and by which they are, ultimately, crushed.
If there were a move to make unions
illegal, for example, political contributions would come fast and furious, though virtually none of that money could be attributed to a stance on something as specific as tenure or teacher evaluations per
se, even though those are issues unions would clearly also like to influence.
There was nothing
illegal per
se about the contracts the publishers had with Amazon or that the publishers were able to set the retail price under those contracts (Apple was doing business under an agency model for years before they got into ebooks and continues to for its app and music sales).
That doesn't make it
illegal to write the agreement, per
se, but the clause would be unenforceable: the landlord could try to increase the rent, you could refuse to pay, and the landlord wouldn't have any recourse in law.
At the very least, the ClimateGate e-mails revealed unethical and potentially
illegal conduct, so it's not per
se unreasonable for some to think the e-mails could signify something more, and not defamatory to say so.
Can your application be considered
illegal per
se?
As long as your application isn't
illegal per
se, then you can't be responsible for the possibility that your users may use it against the TOS of the original site.
The report proposed to amend the current contradictory legal framework, in which adult prostitution per
se is legal, although most activities related to it are
illegal.
While the court found that the horizontal conspiracy to raise e-book prices and eliminate price competition was a per
se (ie, hardcore) restriction, it was careful to point out that no single action by Apple, including use of the agency model with an MFN, was inherently
illegal.
In Canada bid - rigging is «per
se»
illegal in that no anti-competitive effects on a relevant market needs to be established to make out the offence.
That is, the mere telling of a fortune, per
se, is not
illegal.»
Under common law, unwanted incidental touching - say, in the context of a public space - is not
illegal per
se.
The software isn't
illegal per
se, though the sale is certainly fraudulent.
The court held that operation of the multiple listing service from which a real estate broker was excluded was
illegal per
se, as it deprived the broker of access to listings of hundreds of properties, thereby lessening competition and restraining trade...
Thus, because SDBR met all of the elements required for a finding of per
se illegality, the court held there was an
illegal tying arrangement.