Sentences with phrase «sea circulation patterns»

Reichler and colleagues used weather observations and 4,000 years worth of supercomputer simulations of weather to show a surprising association between decade - scale, periodic changes in stratospheric wind patterns known as the polar vortex, and similar rhythmic changes in deep - sea circulation patterns.

The effects on sea circulation patterns and weather are complex and difficult to tease out from natural variation, requiring long - term observation.

Not exact matches

The researchers identified several key circulation patterns that affected the winter temperatures from 1979 to 2013, particularly the Arctic Oscillation (a climate pattern that circulates around the Arctic Ocean and tends to confine colder air to the polar latitudes) and a second pattern they call Warm Arctic and Cold Eurasia (WACE), which they found correlates to sea ice loss as well as to particularly strong winters.

Mori et al. identified two circulation patterns that drove winter temperatures in Eurasia from 1979 to 2013: the Arctic Oscillation (which confines colder air to the polar latitudes) and a pattern dubbed «Warm Arctic and Cold Eurasia» (WACE), which correlated both to sea - ice loss in the Barents - Kara Sea and to particularly cold winters; its impact has more than doubled the probability of severe winters in central Eurassea - ice loss in the Barents - Kara Sea and to particularly cold winters; its impact has more than doubled the probability of severe winters in central EurasSea and to particularly cold winters; its impact has more than doubled the probability of severe winters in central Eurasia.

Ongoing changes in ocean circulation patterns, which are helping to drive warm water from other parts of the sea closer to the Antarctic continent, are also believed to be a major factor.

If there's anything more complicated than the global forces of thermal expansion, ice sheet melt and ocean circulation that contribute to worldwide sea - level rise, it might be the forces of real estate speculation and the race - based historical housing patterns that color present - day gentrification in Miami.

At a global scale, the increased melting of the ice sheet contributes to rising sea level and may impact global ocean circulation patterns through the so - called «thermohaline circulation'that sustains among others, the Gulf Stream, which keeps Europe warm.

Data collected by ship and model simulations suggest that increased Pacific Winter Water (PWW), driven by circulation patterns and retreating sea ice in the summer season, is primarily responsible for this OA expansion, according to Di Qi, the paper's lead author and a doctoral student of Liqi Chen, the lead PI in China.

The researchers warn, however, that the future evolution of the AMO remains uncertain, with many factors potentially affecting how it interacts with atmospheric circulation patterns, such as Arctic sea ice loss, changes in solar radiation, volcanic eruptions and concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.

«Our future studies will look to compare the role of the AMO compared to Arctic sea ice anomalies, which have also been shown to affect atmospheric circulation patterns and promote colder, more extreme winters.»

Researchers from the University of California Irvine have shown that a phenomenon known as the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO)-- a natural pattern of variation in North Atlantic sea surface temperatures that switches between a positive and negative phase every 60 - 70 years — can affect an atmospheric circulation pattern, known as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), that influences the temperature and precipitation over the Northern Hemisphere in winter.

The atmospheric circulation response seems to be sensitive to the magnitude and geographic pattern of sea - ice loss and, in some cases, to the background climate state.

As discussed in the Climate chapter, large - scale atmospheric circulation patterns connected to changes in sea - surface temperatures strongly influence natural variations in precipitation and temperature (e.g., Cayan et al. 1999; Mantua and Hare 2002).

Glacial retreat affects ocean circulation patterns, fisheries and global sea level rise.

The assessment considered the impacts of several key drivers of climate change: sea level change; alterations in precipitation patterns and subsequent delivery of freshwater, nutrients, and sediment; increased ocean temperature; alterations in circulation patterns; changes in frequency and intensity of coastal storms; and increased levels of atmospheric CO2.

Would somebody here, like to explain to me how we can lose Arctic Sea ice (in part or in whole) without changing the atmospheric circulation patterns?

«As the Arctic sea - ice cover continues to disappear and the snow cover melts ever earlier over vast regions of Eurasia and North America, it is expected that large - scale circulation patterns throughout the northern hemisphere will become increasingly influenced by Arctic Amplification.»

However, if the loss of Arctic Sea ice has significantly changed global atmospheric circulation patterns, then we are dealing with a different system that has only been in existence since 2007, and we do not know how often to expect crop failures.

«It is believed that in the late 1950s and early 1960s, freshwater and sea ice accumulated in the Beaufort Gyre as a consequence of the prevailing Arctic atmospheric circulation patterns (anti-cyclonic around an Arctic high pressure center.)

The reason is that the Holocene has a different pattern of ocean circulation with vigorous convection in the Greenland - Norwegian Seas.

All climate models tell us that it is the Arctic sea ice cover that declines first, and that Antarctic ice extent falls only later, and may even (as observed) temporarily increase in response to changing patterns of atmospheric circulation.

Water temperature, «sea roughness», the changing patterns of oceanic circulation, and the use of carbon by marine creatures - all of these factors play up against one another.

Diminishing Arctic sea ice can cause changes in atmospheric circulation that lead to a circulation pattern that is different than the «negative phase» of the Arctic Oscillation.

Shifting currents, increased freshwater input from melting sea ice and glaciers, and changes in upper and lower sea - level circulation patterns are already occurring, and they'll progress rapidly if anthropogenic greenhouse gas emission continues under a business - as - usual scenario.

But, the flipside of this is that changes in the thermohaline circulation patterns can alter local water densities, and hence local water volumes, i.e., local sea levels.

Francis, who wasn't involved with either study, is one of the main proponents of an idea that by altering how much heat the ocean lets out, sea ice melt and Arctic warming can also change atmospheric circulation patterns, in particular by making the jet stream form larger peaks, or highs, and troughs, or lows.

The loss of Arctic Sea ice could alter ocean circulation patterns and trigger changes in global climate patterns.

Even if it is assumed that 100 % of the recent global sea level rise is caused by anthropogenic sea level rise (an assumption that will be examined in Part II), local sea level rise can be dominated by ocean circulation patterns, land use practices and astronomical tides.

Climate change may cause changes in migratory patterns, destroy habitat (particularly in nutrient - rich polar seas), and drastically change ocean circulation, vertical mixing and overall climate patterns.

The loss of the normal ocean circulation could cause drastic shifts in weather patterns, and continued loss of ice in Greenland will lead to the continued rise in sea level, threatening coastal cities around the globe.

Atmospheric - circulation patterns in June — July were generally favorable for preservation of sea ice, at least compared to the same period in summer 2007.

The deluge of fresh meltwater entering the sea could also disrupt ocean circulation patterns and harm marine organisms, members of this study's team added.

By examining the spatial pattern of both types of climate variation, the scientists found that the anthropogenic global warming signal was relatively spatially uniform over the tropical oceans and thus would not have a large effect on the atmospheric circulation, whereas the PDO shift in the 1990s consisted of warming in the tropical west Pacific and cooling in the subtropical and east tropical Pacific, which would enhance the existing sea surface temperature difference and thus intensify the circulation.

The report finds no proof to back up IPCC hysteria that blames CO2 for melting polar ice caps, rising sea levels, disastrous changes in ocean circulation, or calamitous differences in precipitation patterns and river flows.

Two wind patterns in the Indian Ocean, known as the Hadley circulation and the Walker circulation, interact with the Indo - Pacific warm pool to drive sea level changes.

The Quaternary glacial history of the Arctic Ocean is characterized by the repeated build - up and decay of circum - Arctic ice sheets on the continental shelves, the development and disintegration of ice shelves, and related changes in ocean - circulation patterns and sea ice cover50, 51,52,53,54,55.

The climate models have gotten more complex, for sure, with thousands of estimated parameters for warming potential, vorticity, circulation patterns, absorption of heat, pressure, energy, and momentum by various layers or atmosphere, land, ocean, and sea - ice.

The air responds to a change in it's own resistor efficiency by changing it's own circulation patterns to again meet the requirement that the surface air temperature and the sea surface temperature be the same on average globally.

Ongoing changes in ocean circulation patterns, which are helping to drive warm water from other parts of the sea closer to the Antarctic continent, are also believed to be a major factor.

The large interannual to decadal hydroclimatic variability in winter precipitation is highly influenced by sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the tropical Pacific Ocean and associated changes in large - scale atmospheric circulation patterns [16].

This Section places particular emphasis on current knowledge of past changes in key climate variables: temperature, precipitation and atmospheric moisture, snow cover, extent of land and sea ice, sea level, patterns in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, extreme weather and climate events, and overall features of the climate variability.

This trend is expected to continue and has implications for hydropower production, ocean circulation patterns, fisheries, and global sea level rise.

Figure 1 shows the pattern of circulation reversals that relates to the differences referenced in Koerner's 1973 paper (which is titled The Mass Balance of the Sea Ice of the Arctic Ocean).

Scientists have recently observed major changes in these glaciers: several have broken up at the ocean end (the terminus), and many have doubled the speed at which they are retreating.2, 5 This has meant a major increase in the amount of ice and water they discharge into the ocean, contributing to sea - level rise, which threatens low - lying populations.2, 3,5 Accelerated melting also adds freshwater to the oceans, altering ecosystems and changing ocean circulation and regional weather patterns.7 (See Greenland ice sheet hotspot for more information.)

In the Beaufort and Chukchi seas, ice distribution mimicks the Beaufort Gyre circulation pattern with advection of ice from the high Canadian Arctic into the Beaufort Sea and export of ice northward in the Chukchi Sea.

This report discusses our current understanding of the mechanisms that link declines in Arctic sea ice cover, loss of high - latitude snow cover, changes in Arctic - region energy fluxes, atmospheric circulation patterns, and the occurrence of extreme weather events; possible implications of more severe loss of summer Arctic sea ice upon weather patterns at lower latitudes; major gaps in our understanding, and observational and / or modeling efforts that are needed to fill those gaps; and current opportunities and limitations for using Arctic sea ice predictions to assess the risk of temperature / precipitation anomalies and extreme weather events over northern continents.

USCG Station Sandy Hook is situated within an East Coast hot spot of rising seas, where natural subsidence, low - lying topography, and changing ocean circulation patterns contribute to above - average sea level rise.

Some cooling on the EAIS also appears to be connected with the ABS sea ice trends, likely through organized patterns of atmospheric circulation changes.

Regional circulation patterns have significantly changed in recent years.2 For example, changes in the Arctic Oscillation can not be explained by natural variation and it has been suggested that they are broadly consistent with the expected influence of human - induced climate change.3 The signature of global warming has also been identified in recent changes in the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, a pattern of variability in sea surface temperatures in the northern Pacific Ocean.4

The activity in the Greenland Sea is part of a global pattern of ocean movement, known as thermohaline circulation, or more commonly the «global conveyor belt.»