Sentences with phrase «sea ice cover as»

Arctic sea ice cover as of Wednesday reflects had already begun to slowly recede two weeks after it had reached its maximum extent for the winter of 2016 - 17 on March 7, when it reached 5.57 million square miles (14.42 million square kilometers).

«An ongoing US Department of Energy - backed research project led by a US Navy scientist predicts that the Arctic could lose its summer sea ice cover as early as 2016 — 84 years ahead of conventional model projections.»

The Arctic sea ice is melted from above, with shallow meltwater ponds NOT «connected» to the Arctic waters below the sea ice covering as much as 40 % of the ice surface.

Not exact matches

Finally, narwhals scan vertically as they dive, which could help them find patches of open water where they can surface and breathe amid sea ice cover.

Rising temperatures have reduced the area's sea ice cover, which serves as an important habitat not just for Adelie penguins but also for krill.

The geologic record shows that the differences in ice cover, sea level and precipitation as well as in plant and animal populations were quite dramatic between the ice ages and the warm interglacials.

Within a few hundred years sea levels in some places had risen by as much as 10 meters — more than if the ice sheet that still covers Greenland were to melt today.

AWI researchers observed a considerable decrease in the thickness of the sea ice as early as the late summer of 2015, even though the overall ice covered area of the September minimum ultimately exceeded the record low of 2012 by approximately one million square kilometres.

Melting can be rapid: as the last ice age ended, the disappearance of the ice sheet covering North America increased sea level by more than a metre per century at times.

Arctic sea ice cover grows each winter as the sun sets for several months, and shrinks each summer as the sun rises higher in the northern sky.

The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by sea ice usually hits its winter peak in early to mid-March, as the freeze season ends with the re-emergence of the sun above the horizon.

«We expressed a need for something that could provide more immediate and local observation that could be launched easily and cover enough distance to conduct reconnaissance on potential routes through drifting sea ice,» says Cyrus Unvala, a lieutenant, junior grade, who served as public affairs officer onboard the Polar Star.

«Because these plants are photosynthetic, it's not surprising to find that as the amount of sea ice cover declined, the amount of [photosynthesis] increased,» says biological oceanographer Kevin Arrigo of Stanford University's School of Earth Sciences, who led an effort to use the MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) devices on NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites to determine changes in phytoplankton growth.

As a result of atmospheric patterns that both warmed the air and reduced cloud cover as well as increased residual heat in newly exposed ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological SurveAs a result of atmospheric patterns that both warmed the air and reduced cloud cover as well as increased residual heat in newly exposed ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Surveas well as increased residual heat in newly exposed ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Surveas increased residual heat in newly exposed ocean waters, such melting helped open the fabled Northwest Passage for the first time [see photo] this summer and presaged tough times for polar bears and other Arctic animals that rely on sea ice to survive, according to the U.S. Geological Survey.

The study marks the first time that human influence on the climate has been demonstrated in the water cycle, and outside the bounds of typical physical responses such as warming deep ocean and sea surface temperatures or diminishing sea ice and snow cover extent.

And, as Walt Meier of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center noted here, Antarctic sea ice already covers a huge area — it doesn't take much growth for it to set a new record.

Whilst it's natural to start with air temperatures, a more thorough examination should be as inclusive as possible; snow cover, ice melt, air temperatures over land and sea, even the sea temperatures themselves.

Recruitment is related to the winter sea ice cover from the previous year, as diminished sea ice cover reduces habitat available for over-wintering juvenile and adult krill and reduces the size of the food - rich marginal sea ice zone in summer.

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The findings suggest that while the response of Antarctic summer sea ice to human - caused climate change may be less dramatic than in the Arctic, sea ice cover may have declined by as much as 14 % over the last 100 years.

Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such as the substantial retreat of arctic sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelvsea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelvSea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelves.

In Antarctica, even though as a whole it's slightly gaining in sea ice cover, most of these gains are over unproductive, deep - lying seabeds, whereas the newly ice - free areas are mostly located over highly productive continental shelves in the West Antarctic.

Earlier this week, scientists confirmed the area of Arctic Ocean covered by sea ice — known as sea ice extent — reached a record low in November.

As glaciers and ice caps melt, Louisiana is losing land to the sea and barrier islands are gradually slipping beneath the watery surface, drowned by a slowly rising tide, a process suggested by the cover photo.

The islands bordering the Scotia Sea are rocky and partly covered in ice and snow year round; despite these harsh conditions, however, the islands do support vegetation and have been described as the Scotia Sea Islands tundra ecoregion, which includes South Georgia, the volcanic South Sandwich Islands, and the South Orkneys in the Scotia Sea, as well as the remote South Shetland Islands near the Antarctic Peninsula and the small isolated volcano called Bouvet Island.

As expected, the Arctic Ocean remains ice - free for several months, and significant sea - ice cover does not develop before November.

Sea ice variability occurs near the Pole, which is too far north to have a direct impact on these waves but it could have an indirect impact on another phenomenon, such as snow cover or a regional atmospheric patter (which could then impact the winter AO).

«As the Arctic sea - ice cover continues to disappear and the snow cover melts ever earlier over vast regions of Eurasia and North America, it is expected that large - scale circulation patterns throughout the northern hemisphere will become increasingly influenced by Arctic Amplification.»

Probably not from Arctic sea ice cover reduction either, as the ice cover in the late 60s, begin 70s doesn't show a decline (as far as reliable in the pre-satellite era).

This is perhaps the least newsworthy item for readers here, given how much The Times has covered the mix of issues arising as summer sea ice retreats in the Arctic and pressures grow to exploit new shipping routes and northern resources.

The number of polar lows and the frequency of fog over the Barents sea, however are believed to diminish as the sea ice cover retreats.

There are subtle effects such as the planet losing more heat from the open sea than from ice - covered region (some of this heat is absorbed by the atmosphere, but climates over ice - covered regions are of more continental winter character: dry and cold).

The point here isn't that anybody can prove that there has never been this extent of Greenland melting at some prior time in the Holocene, but that all of these indicators taken together (Arctic temperatures, low sea ice extent in summer * and * winter, permafrost melting, decreased snow cover, Greenland melting) indicate that the Arctic as a whole really is warming in an exceptional way.

Updated, Nov. 25, 10:41 a.m. Ruth Teichroeb, the communications officer for Oceans North: Protecting Life in the Arctic, an initiative of the Pew Charitable Trusts, sent a note this evening about new steps related to an issue I've covered here before — the rare and welcome proactive work by Arctic nations to ban fishing in the central Arctic Ocean ahead of the «big melt» as summer sea ice retreats more in summers in a human - heated climate.

As noted above, the recent warming «is seen in the oceans, the atmosphere, in Arctic sea ice retreat, in glacier recession, earlier springs, reduced snow cover etc.» Another «inconvenient truth» for denialists to avoid mentioning or acknowledging while overblowing the UHI issue.

All climate models tell us that it is the Arctic sea ice cover that declines first, and that Antarctic ice extent falls only later, and may even (as observed) temporarily increase in response to changing patterns of atmospheric circulation.

Re 9 wili — I know of a paper suggesting, as I recall, that enhanced «backradiation» (downward radiation reaching the surface emitted by the air / clouds) contributed more to Arctic amplification specifically in the cold part of the year (just to be clear, backradiation should generally increase with any warming (aside from greenhouse feedbacks) and more so with a warming due to an increase in the greenhouse effect (including feedbacks like water vapor and, if positive, clouds, though regional changes in water vapor and clouds can go against the global trend); otherwise it was always my understanding that the albedo feedback was key (while sea ice decreases so far have been more a summer phenomenon (when it would be warmer to begin with), the heat capacity of the sea prevents much temperature response, but there is a greater build up of heat from the albedo feedback, and this is released in the cold part of the year when ice forms later or would have formed or would have been thicker; the seasonal effect of reduced winter snow cover decreasing at those latitudes which still recieve sunlight in the winter would not be so delayed).

As I understand it, the sea level record indicates that the melting of the great ice sheets covering parts of the NH began some 16k years ago.

In an e-mail message Wednesday, Sean R. Helfrich, a scientist at the ice center, said that ponds of meltwater pooling on sea ice could fool certain satellite - borne instruments into interpreting ice as open water, «suggesting areas that have substantial ice cover as being sea - ice free.»

is not an easy feat, as the ice cover obstructs the view of part of the sea surface and affects the measurements in mixed ocean / sea - ice conditions.

As I expect kim will comment about the coming Ice Age, please note that the Arctic sea ice is at just about the same point it was this time last year; however, the area covered by snow in Asia has decreased substantialIce Age, please note that the Arctic sea ice is at just about the same point it was this time last year; however, the area covered by snow in Asia has decreased substantialice is at just about the same point it was this time last year; however, the area covered by snow in Asia has decreased substantially.

Recent estimates indicate that the Antarctic sea ice cover is expanding at a statistically significant rate with a magnitude one - third as large as the rapid rate of sea ice retreat in the Arctic.

As summer sea ice in the Arctic decreases, the snow / ice cover changes to open ocean, the amount of sunlight that is reflected drops from 80 - 90 % to about 20 %.

Related Content A Closer Look at Arctic Sea Ice Melt and Extreme Weather «Astonishing» Ice Melt May Lead to More Extreme Winters Globe Records Fourth Warmest August as Arctic Ice Melts Video: Extreme Weather and Rapid Arctic Warming Arctic Has Lost Enough Ice to Cover Canada and Texas

Currently (as of July 19), the extent is within 600,000 km2 of that in 2012 and the ice cover has become diffuse (low ice concentrations) within the Beaufort Sea (Figure 10).

Now it's official: as of September 16, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, the sea ice covering the Arctic Ocean reached a record low minimum exteIce Data Center, the sea ice covering the Arctic Ocean reached a record low minimum exteice covering the Arctic Ocean reached a record low minimum extent.

(William: Come on man, the sun is causing what is observed) Phenomena such as the Younger Dryas and Heinrich events might only occur in a «glacial» world with much larger ice sheets and more extensive sea ice cover.

The end of the first half of the Holocene — between about 5 and 4 ka — was punctuated by rapid events at various latitudes, such as an abrupt increase in NH sea ice cover (Jennings et al., 2001); a decrease in Greenland deuterium excess, reflecting a change in the hydrological cycle (Masson - Delmotte et al., 2005b); abrupt cooling events in European climate (Seppa and Birks, 2001; Lauritzen, 2003); widespread North American drought for centuries (Booth et al., 2005); and changes in South American climate (Marchant and Hooghiemstra, 2004).

If all of the currently attainable carbon resources [estimated to be between 8500 and 13.600 GtC (4)-RSB- were burned, the Antarctic Ice Sheet would lose most of its mass, raising global sea level by more than 50 m. For the 125 GtC as well as the 500, 800, 2500, and 5000 GtC scenarios, the ice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browIce Sheet would lose most of its mass, raising global sea level by more than 50 m. For the 125 GtC as well as the 500, 800, 2500, and 5000 GtC scenarios, the ice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browice - covered area is depicted in white (ice - free bedrock in browice - free bedrock in brown).

At least relative to my questions above, what struck me was the possibility of starting with your reduction and analysis of the snow cover / fall anomaly data to come up with a research project based on some quite complicated but fascinating calculations on net TOA energy balance as a result of your conclusion about the relation of Arctic sea ice loss to NH snow cover / amount anomaly.