Not exact matches
Again, Monckton must surely know full well that
for the last 25 - 30 years satellite temperature measurement of
sea and land surface have replaced terrestrial temperature station measurements in many cases since these give a much greater
coverage (70 % of the surface of the Earth is water... it's difficult to put weather stations on top of
ice sheets etc.!)
Ocean
coverage by floats reached 90 % by 2005 [66], with the gaps mainly in
sea ice regions, yielding the potential
for an accurate energy balance assessment, provided that several systematic measurement biases exposed in the past decade are minimized [67]--[69].
The latest data by NSIDC
for Arctic
sea ice extent shows that 2008
ice coverage has fallen to 2007 levels
for the end of May:
The same
sea -
ice experts foreseeing a new record retreat of the Arctic Ocean
coverage this summer have explanations
for the flow between Greenland and Iceland, too.]
Drawing on Hadley Centre
Sea Ice and Sea Temperature data from 1953 to 1978 and the National Snow and Ice Data Center's Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Sea Ice and Sea Temperature data from 1953 to 1978 and the National Snow and Ice Data Center's Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Ice and
Sea Temperature data from 1953 to 1978 and the National Snow and Ice Data Center's Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Sea Temperature data from 1953 to 1978 and the National Snow and
Ice Data Center's Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Ice Data Center's
Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Sea Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
Ice Index from 1979 to 2015, the researchers computed 30 - year running averages of September
sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
sea ice coverage — that is, they computed averages for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so
ice coverage — that is, they computed averages
for the years 1953 — 83, 1954 — 84, 1955 — 85, and so on.
-- Susan Solomon, Nature The Long Thaw is written
for anyone who wishes to know what cutting - edge science tells us about the modern issue of global warming and its effects on the pathways of atmospheric chemistry, as well as global and regional temperatures, rainfall,
sea level, Arctic
sea -
ice coverage, melting of the continental
ice sheets, cyclonic storm frequency and intensity and ocean acidification.
There is no correlation between Arctic
sea ice coverage and freeze - up dates
for Western Hudson Bay.
For example, let's say that evidence convinced me (in a way that I wasn't convinced previously) that all recent changes in land surface temperatures and
sea surface temperatures and atmospheric temperatures and deep
sea temperatures and
sea ice extent and
sea ice volume and
sea ice density and moisture content in the air and cloud
coverage and rainfall and measures of extreme weather were all directly tied to internal natural variability, and that I can now see that as the result of a statistical modeling of the trends as associated with natural phenomena.
Lacking a more direct measure of the relationship between bearded seal vital rates and
ice coverage, the BRT assumed that this preference relationship reflects the species requirements
for sea -
ice coverage.»
For Antarctica, the lowest maximum extent, recorded on September 12, follows a record low minimum
sea ice coverage recorded on March 1 after the summer thaw, he said.
Climate scientists had claimed that
sea ice coverage in the Bering Sea would shrink due to global warming and that the warmer waters would be less productive for marine li
sea ice coverage in the Bering
Sea would shrink due to global warming and that the warmer waters would be less productive for marine li
Sea would shrink due to global warming and that the warmer waters would be less productive
for marine life.
Arctic
sea ice coverage is approaching the record minimum
for late October of two years ago, according to the latest NSIDC plot.
Ocean
coverage by floats reached 90 % by 2005 [66], with the gaps mainly in
sea ice regions, yielding the potential
for an accurate energy balance assessment, provided that several systematic measurement biases exposed in the past decade are minimized [67]--[69].
For both summer and winter Arctic
sea -
ice, the area
coverage is declining at present (with summer
sea -
ice declining more markedly; ref.
For the Eastern Fraim Strait, the Southeast Barents
Sea, and North Iceland, there was considerably less sea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decad
Sea, and North Iceland, there was considerably less
sea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decad
sea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decades.
«When IP25 [proxy
for sea ice] is absent, lack or very low abundance of phytoplankton biomarkers reflects permanent
sea -
ice coverage, whereas elevated abundance of phytoplankton markers reflects
ice - free conditions.
Scientific confidence of the occurrence of climate change include,
for example, that over at least the last 50 years there have been increases in the atmospheric concentration of CO2; increased nitrogen and soot (black carbon) deposition; changes in the surface heat and moisture fluxes over land; increases in lower tropospheric and upper ocean temperatures and ocean heat content; the elevation of
sea level; and a large decrease in summer Arctic
sea ice coverage and a modest increase in Antarctic
sea ice coverage.
Your initial NSIDC graph says they use 15 %
coverage for sea ice extent.
This year, as has been true since 1979, that
sea ice coverage is abundant across the Arctic
for seals that are giving birth and mating at this time as well as
for polar bears busy feeding on young seals and mating.
To measure
coverage of arctic
sea ice, we searched Nexis
for «arctic and (
ice or melt).»
Despite its areas of inaccuracy, near - real - time data are still useful
for assessing changes in
sea ice coverage, particularly when averaged over an entire month.