Again it is important to remember that the Outlook values are for the mean arctic September
sea ice extent as provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).
Daily
sea ice extent as of the beginning of July 2011.
When someone brings up
sea ice extent as proof that Arctic sea ice is back to normal, I politely remind them that sea ice exists in 3 dimensions, not two — and that sea ice volume has been at record low levels in the last few years: http://www.skepticalscience.com/Has-Arctic-sea-ice-returned-to-normal.html
The graph above shows Arctic
sea ice extent as of August 1, 2016, along with daily ice extent data for four previous years.
Prof. Curry, perhaps you would be kind enough to reconcile the claim in your written testimony that increasing Antarctic
sea ice extent as reported in the AR5 WGI report weakens the case for attributing most of the warming to human influences can be reconciled with your 2010 PNAS paper, Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice the abstract of which reads:
Prof. Curry, perhaps you would be kind enough to reconcile the claim in your written testimony that increasing Antarctic
sea ice extent as reported in the AR5 WGI report weakens the case for attributing most of the warming to human influences....
A comparison of Arctic
sea ice extent as of Sept. 12 and daily ice - extent data for four other lowest - extent years on record: 2015, 2012, 2011 and 2007.
Daily
sea ice extent as of 9 July 2013.
It should be recalled that we are comparing these Outlook values to the September average
sea ice extent as provided by the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC).
Again, we are comparing these Outlook values to the September average
sea ice extent as provided by NSIDC.
So that's what we can expect: big losses in sea ice area, and perhaps in
sea ice extent as well (with a lag).
The graph above shows Arctic
sea ice extent as of November 1, 2016, along with daily ice extent data for four previous years.
This graph shows Arctic
sea ice extent as of May 31, along with daily ice extent data for previous years.
Daily
sea ice extent as of 10 June 2013.
The graph above shows Arctic
sea ice extent as of September 5, 2016, along with daily ice extent data for four previous years.
In an analysis, the National Snow and Ice Data Center said
the sea ice extent as of Sept. 16 was 2 million square miles, an amount just below revised estimates for 2009, the former sixth place finisher, said Julienen Stroeve, a scientist at the center.
With the exception of the Bering Sea, none of the areas have seen
sea ice extents as low as in the past decade.
Not exact matches
«The autumn volume of the
sea ice (
as opposed to the
extent) is still close to its minimum record,» Robert Meisner, spokesman for European Space Agency, said yesterday.
Since then, its ten instruments have supplied data on environmental factors such
as air quality, the
extent of Arctic
sea ice and oil spills.
«We found that in years when the
sea ice extent departed strongly from the trend, such
as in 2012 and 2013, predictions failed regardless of the method used to forecast the September
sea ice extent,» said Julienne Stroeve, a senior scientist at NSIDC and professor at University of College London.
Scientists consider Arctic
sea ice as a sensitive climate indicator and track this minimum
extent every year to see if any trends emerge.
As the Arctic
sea -
ice reaches its summer minimum
extent, it is clear that it has yet again shrunk to one of the smallest areas in recent decades, 10 % above the record minimum set last year.
«This year is the fourth lowest, and yet we haven't seen any major weather event or persistent weather pattern in the Arctic this summer that helped push the
extent lower
as often happens,» said Walt Meier, a
sea ice scientist with NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland.
Satellites show the
extent of Arctic
sea ice on Sept. 16, 2012
as compared to the average minimum from the past 30 years (yellow line).
The study marks the first time that human influence on the climate has been demonstrated in the water cycle, and outside the bounds of typical physical responses such
as warming deep ocean and
sea surface temperatures or diminishing
sea ice and snow cover
extent.
The
extent of Arctic
sea ice, which melts to its low each September, has steadily declined over the past three decades,
as the chart below illustrates.
September is the month that usually sees the highest
extent of Antarctic
sea ice as the Southern Hemisphere winter ends, and Arctic
ice reaches its all - time low
as it says goodbye to the dog days of summer.
The continued reduction in the
extent of
sea ice in the Arctic is expected to lead to increased photosynthetic primary production and POC flux there (Jones et al., 2014), which could benefit fauna whose energetic demands increase
as a result of ocean acidification (e.g., calcifying taxa).
As of January 17, for instance, the global
extent (area) of
sea ice is at its smallest point in potentially thousands of years.
This report describes simulations of future
sea -
ice extent using the NCAR CCSM3, which point to the possible complete loss of
sea -
ice at the end of the melt season
as soon
as 2040.
Sea ice extent has dropped precipitously
as has the amount of old
ice, which is less prone to breakup.
Since IPCC (2001) the cryosphere has undergone significant changes, such
as the substantial retreat of arctic
sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic ice shelves along the Amundsen Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelv
sea ice, especially in summer; the continued shrinking of mountain glaciers; the decrease in the
extent of snow cover and seasonally frozen ground, particularly in spring; the earlier breakup of river and lake
ice; and widespread thinning of antarctic
ice shelves along the Amundsen
Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the ice shelv
Sea coast, indicating increased basal melting due to increased ocean heat fluxes in the cavities below the
ice shelves.
Naturally many factors influence polar
sea ice extent, such
as weather patterns, winds,
Earlier this week, scientists confirmed the area of Arctic Ocean covered by
sea ice — known
as sea ice extent — reached a record low in November.
On September 10, Arctic
sea ice reached its annual minimum extent at 1.60 million square miles, statistically tying 2007 as the second smallest extent in the 1979 — 2016 satellite record, according to the National Snow and Ice Data Cent
ice reached its annual minimum
extent at 1.60 million square miles, statistically tying 2007
as the second smallest
extent in the 1979 — 2016 satellite record, according to the National Snow and
Ice Data Cent
Ice Data Center.
As the
extent of the
sea ice declines, energy from the sun that would have been reflected away is instead absorbed by the ocean.
This changing
sea ice extent is cited by the IPCC
as an indicator of a warming world.
Since then, anthropogenic influence has also been identified in a range of other climate variables, such
as ocean heat content, atmospheric pressure and
sea ice extent, thereby contributing further evidence of an anthropogenic influence on climate, and improving confidence in climate models.
Arctic
sea ice extent continued a rapid retreat through the first two weeks of July
as a high pressure cell moved over the central Arctic Ocean, bringing higher temperatures.
Low maximum
sea ice extent also occurred over periods of some decades (e.g., mid-seventeenth and mid-eighteenth centuries, early fifteenth and late thirteenth centuries), with absolute values in some cases
as low
as the twentieth century ones, but these periods were in no case
as persistent
as in the twentieth century. . .
I think these are simply features of global climate that are embedded and
as predictable
as other large features like hurricane patterns, the gulf stream, the jet stream,
sea ice extent and mass, global glacial conditions,
sea level etc..
This marks the beginning of the ritual of the annual
sea ice watch that includes predictions of the
extent and rank of this year's
sea ice minimum,
as well
as discussion about the timing of its eventual demise.
Other data sets such
as ocean heat content,
sea ice extent, whatever, are not sufficiently mature or long - range (see Climate data records: maturity matrix).
As you are probably aware, the Barents Sea and to a somewhat lesser extent the Kara Sea had quite late icing up this year (as opposed to other NH basins which more or less froze up on queue
As you are probably aware, the Barents
Sea and to a somewhat lesser
extent the Kara
Sea had quite late
icing up this year (
as opposed to other NH basins which more or less froze up on queue
as opposed to other NH basins which more or less froze up on queue).
Sea ice data prior to the satellite data is severely lacking, such that these types of attempts are used to recreate the extent of the sea ice as best we c
Sea ice data prior to the satellite data is severely lacking, such that these types of attempts are used to recreate the
extent of the
sea ice as best we c
sea ice as best we can.
# 51 — Dan, I respectfully disagree with your comment that «these types of attempts are used to recreate the
extent of the
sea ice as best we can.»
It is claimed that AGW «science» predicted that Southern Hemsiphere
sea ice extent would increase
as arctic
sea ice would decrease.
I'm sure this is true for Arctic
sea ice extent trends
as well, even though Gavin said he was fine with Judith's quoted paragraph pertaining to
sea ice.
As are regional rainfall anomalies,
sea ice extent changes etc..
The established icons of Arctic climate change are the polar bear and, to a lesser
extent, those indigenous communities that are trying to maintain traditional ways in the face of slushy floes and the relentless erosion of coasts exposed to waves
as sea ice retreats.