Sentences with phrase «sea ice mass balance»

Sea ice deformations also impact melting and freezing in leads, ridging and sea ice circulation, which are key players in determining sea ice mass balance and age, and freshwater mass distribution in the Arctic Ocean.

Secondary objectives: Four secondary objectives have been defined: - To assess the effect of a more accurate simulation of sea ice drift and deformation on the Arctic sea ice mass balance and distribution properties of sea ice age.

His presentation has some very interesting results on sea ice mass balance that are unpublished, which I didn't use, but I did include and some slides from Perovich's RS presentation illustrating some previously published field observations (labeled «courtesy of Don Perovich»).

The figure below shows the total amount of surface (red) and bottom (yellow) melt through 1 August 2008 measured at seven sea ice mass balance buoys.

Not exact matches

Understanding sea level change in relation to the mass balance of Greenland's and Antarctica's ice sheets is at the heart of the CReSIS mission.

Complementary analyses of the surface mass balance of Greenland (Tedesco et al, 2011) also show that 2010 was a record year for melt area extent... Extrapolating these melt rates forward to 2050, «the cumulative loss could raise sea level by 15 cm by 2050 ″ for a total of 32 cm (adding in 8 cm from glacial ice caps and 9 cm from thermal expansion)- a number very close to the best estimate of Vermeer & Rahmstorf (2009), derived by linking the observed rate of sea level rise to the observed warming.

Mitrovica, J. X., Tamisiea, M. E., Davis, J. L. & Milne, G. A. Recent mass balance of polar ice sheets inferred from patterns of global sea - level change.

That estimate was based in part on the fact that sea level is now rising 3.2 mm / yr (3.2 m / millennium)[57], an order of magnitude faster than the rate during the prior several thousand years, with rapid change of ice sheet mass balance over the past few decades [23] and Greenland and Antarctica now losing mass at accelerating rates [23]--[24].

However, the idea is simple, and I've talked about this much in many presentations this winter: Take the amount of ice you need to get rid of from Greenland to raise sea level 2 m in the next century, reduce it by your best estimate of the amount that would be removed by surface mass balance losses, and try to push the rest out of the aggregate cross-sectional area of Greenland's marine - based outlet glaciers.

So I had to back up the story of my trip to Alaska with satellite data on sea ice, and I had to justify my pictures of disappearing glaciers in the Andes with long - term records of mass balance of mountain glaciers.

Eric Rignot most recent work in 2008 supported a larger, accelerating contribution of Antarctica's ice mass balance to the rise in sea level.

If a negative surface mass balance were sustained for millennia, that would lead to virtually complete elimination of the Greenland ice sheet and a resulting contribution to sea level rise of about 7 m.

The findings reinforce suggestions that strong positive ice — temperature feedbacks have emerged in the Arctic15, increasing the chances of further rapid warming and sea ice loss, and will probably affect polar ecosystems, ice - sheet mass balance and human activities in the Arctic...» *** This is the heart of polar amplification and has very little to do with your stated defintion of amplifying the effects of warming going on at lower latitudes.

Because ice sheets contain so much ice and have the potential to raise or lower global sea level so dramatically, measuring the mass balance of the ice sheets and tracking any mass balance changes and their causes is very important for forecasting sea level rise.

We quantify sea - level commitment in the baseline case by building on Levermann et al. (10), who used physical simulations to model the SLR within a 2,000 - y envelope as the sum of the contributions of (i) ocean thermal expansion, based on six coupled climate models; (ii) mountain glacier and ice cap melting, based on surface mass balance and simplified ice dynamic models; (iii) Greenland ice sheet decay, based on a coupled regional climate model and ice sheet dynamic model; and (iv) Antarctic ice sheet decay, based on a continental - scale model parameterizing grounding line ice flux in relation to temperature.

Because Antarctica drains more than 80 percent of its ice sheet through floating ice shelves, accelerated glacier flow has the potential to affect ice sheet mass balance dramatically and raise sea level (Pritchard et al. 2012).

«A high - resolution record of Greenland mass balance» «Antarctica, Greenland and Gulf of Alaska land - ice evolution from an iterated GRACE global mascon solution» «Greenland and Antarctica ice sheet mass changes and effects on global sea level»

«(F) the cryosphere, including effects on ice sheet mass balance, mountain glacier mass balance, and sea - ice extent and volume;

Both the observations of mass balance and the estimates based on temperature changes (Table 11.4) indicate a reduction of mass of glaciers and ice caps in the recent past, giving a contribution to global - average sea level of 0.2 to 0.4 mm / yr over the last hundred years.

This is corroborated by ice ablation data from an ice mass balance buoy (Figure 2) that was deployed in April near Barrow and has moved through the Chukchi Sea.

The key factor w / r / t sea - level rise is grounded ice mass balance, especially in the world's two (or three, depending on how you count) remaining large ice sheets: Greenland and Antarctica.

That estimate was based in part on the fact that sea level is now rising 3.2 mm / yr (3.2 m / millennium)[57], an order of magnitude faster than the rate during the prior several thousand years, with rapid change of ice sheet mass balance over the past few decades [23] and Greenland and Antarctica now losing mass at accelerating rates [23]--[24].

• borehole data affirm «we're in a warming blade» • tree - ring data affirm «we're in a warming blade» • coral - growth data affirm «warming blade» • migratory birds affirm «warming blade» • plant - blooming dates affirm «warming blade» • carbon - dating affirms «warming blade» • sea - level data affirm «warming blade» • ocean - temperature data affirm «warming blade» • polar ice - mass data affirm «warming blade» • mountain - glacier data affirm «warming blade» • borehole data affirm «warming blade» ---------- • energy - balance climate - science predicted «a warming blade»

The models are certainly wrong when it comes to simulating the rate of arctic sea ice loss, or the full dynamics of ice sheet mass balance changes.

And more recent estimates of the Antarctic mass balance contribution to sea level rise has the East Antarctica ice sheet gaining mass at a more accelerated pace for 2003 - 2013 than the mere +14 Gt per year identified by Shepherd et al. (2012) for 1992 - 2011.

Just a short list: — you go on and on about SMB causing a net reduction of sea level in Antarctica (and sometimes Greenland), completely ignoring that SMB is not the total ice mass balance — you routinely mentioned that human emissions aren't increasing the CO2 concentration because those emissions didn't increase for several years in a row, but concentration did.

Ice mass balance buoys deployed in the Beaufort Sea as part of the Office of Naval Research (ONR) Marginal Ice Zone Program indicate that surface temperatures have reached the melting point, at least intermittently, in the region, with some surface melt beginning in the southern part of the Beaufort, but little or no melt farther north (Figure 10), http://www.apl.washington.edu/project/project.php?id=miz.

The most recent calculations of ice mass balance in the antarctic also do indicate loss of ice, though nothing close to the changes seen in the arctic sea ice and Greenland ice sheet.

«Energy - balance climate - science predicts — and observations verify — the rising of sea - level, and the heating of ocean - water, and the melting of ice - mass.»

See also our Arctic sea ice graphs overview page, our Arctic sea ice videos page and our Arctic ice mass balance buoys overview page.

Perovich, D., J. Richter - Menge, B. Elder, T. Arbetter, K. Claffey, and C. Polashenski, Observing and understanding climate change: Monitoring the mass balance, motion, and thickness of Arctic sea ice, http://IMB.crrel.usace.army.mil, 2014.

As with IMBIE 2012, it will collate, compare, integrate, interpret, and report satellite estimates of ice sheet mass balance, with the overall aim of producing a community assessment of Greenland and Antarctica's ongoing contributions to global sea level rise.

Hay et al. (2015) argue that rates of sea level rise between 1.0 and 1.4 mm yr - 1 close the sea - level budget for 1901 — 1990 as estimated in AR5, without appealing to an underestimation of individual contributions from ocean thermal expansion, glacier melting, or ice sheet mass balance.

Ice mass loss of the marine - terminating glaciers has rapidly accelerated from close to balance in the 2000s to a sustained rate of — 56 ± 8 gigatons per year, constituting a major fraction of Antarctica's contribution to rising sea level.

These observations support recent model projections that surface mass balance, rather than ice dynamics, will dominate the ice sheet's contribution to 21st century sea level rise.

They conclude with another warning: ``... if major shifts in sea ice cover and ocean circulation tip even large ice shelf cavities from cold to warm (35), there could be major changes in ice shelf and thus ice sheet mass balance.»

Global mass balance data are transformed to sea - level equivalent by first multiplying the ice thickness (meters) lost to melting by the density of ice (about 900 kilograms per cubic meter), to obtain a water equivalent thickness, and then multiplying by the surface area of these «small» glaciers (about 760,000 square kilometers).

To quote from AR5 WG1: «While surface melting will remain small, an increase in snowfall on the Antarctic ice sheet is expected (medium confidence), resulting in a negative contribution to future sea level from changes in surface mass balance.»

According to the report, «Contraction of the Greenland ice sheet is projected to continue to contribute to sea level rise after 2100,» and» [i] f a negative surface mass balance were sustained for millennia, that would lead to virtually complete elimination of the Greenland ice sheet and a resulting contribution to sea level rise of about 7 m,» which is equivalent to approximately 23 feet.

RealClimate has reviewed the issues raised by these articles and attempted to clarify the sometimes conflicting inferences about the current mass balance of the ice sheets, as well as their future contributions to global mean sea level rise (see here and here).

For an annual - and area - average warming exceeding Embedded Image in Greenland and Embedded Image in the global average, the net surface mass balance of the Greenland ice sheet becomes negative, in which case it is likely that the ice sheet would eventually be eliminated, raising global - average sea level by 7 m.