Sentences with phrase «sea ice per year»

Since the late 1970s, the Arctic has lost an average of 20,800 square miles of sea ice per year, while the Antarctic has gained an annual average of 7,300 square miles.

Not exact matches

The team found that results from the two methods roughly matched and showed that Greenland is losing enough ice to contribute on average 0.46 millimetres per year to global sea - level rise.

Between 2002 and 2007, satellite measurements showed that ice from the glacier's grounding line, the spot where it transitions from being on the land to in the sea, thinned at a rate of 1.2 meters to 6 meters per year.

Satellites from NASA and other agencies have been tracking sea ice changes since 1979, and the data show that Arctic sea ice has been shrinking at an average rate of about 20,500 square miles (53,100 square kilometers) per year over the 1979 - 2015 period.

With a volume of more than 700,000 cubic miles and an average thickness of 4,000 feet, the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) holds enough water to raise sea levels by 15 to 20 feet — and it is already sweating off 130 billion tons of ice per yeIce Sheet (WAIS) holds enough water to raise sea levels by 15 to 20 feet — and it is already sweating off 130 billion tons of ice per yeice per year.

The Arctic's sea ice maximum extent has dropped by an average of 2.8 percent per decade since 1979, the year satellites started measuring sea ice.

Global average sea level has risen by roughly 0.11 inch (3 millimeters) per year since 1993 due to a combination of water expanding as it warms and melting ice sheets.

The Greenland ice sheet loses about 227 gigatonnes of ice per year and contributes about 0.7 millimeters to the currently observed mean sea level change of about 3 mm per year.

The study concluded that there was a net loss of ice between 2002 and 2005, adding 0.4 millimetres per year to sea levels (see Gravity reveals shrinking Antarctic ice).

Lead author Dr Malcolm McMillan from the University of Leeds said: «We find that ice losses continue to be most pronounced along the fast - flowing ice streams of the Amundsen Sea sector, with thinning rates of between 4 and 8 metres per year near to the grounding lines of the Pine Island, Thwaites and Smith Glaciers.»

In a computer simulation that includes detailed interactions between wind and sea, thick ice — more than 6 feet deep — increased by about 1 percent per year from 1979 to 2010, while the amount of thin ice stayed fairly constant.

The Greenland ice sheet is thought to be one of the largest contributors to global sea level rise over the past 20 years, accounting for 0.5 millimeters of the current total of 3.2 millimeters of sea level rise per year.

According to the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Greenland ice sheet has been contributing between 0.25 mm and 0.41 mm per year to global sea levels since 1993.

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) occurs in response to retreating ice from the last glacial period, where around most of the world, land is subsiding at a fraction of a millimetre per year, compounding the problem of sea - level rise.

As glaciers and overland ice sheets shed ice and the warming oceans expand, sea level rise is accelerating; NASA says the rate of sea level rise has jumped from 1 millimeter per year 100 years ago to 3 millimeters per year today.

The largest contibution to global sea level rise from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets combined is around 16.9 mm per year, but is more likely to be around 5.4 mm per year by 2100.

Ice core data from Antarctic from ocean sediments show 8 episodes of very large ice flux — largest 14,600 years ago, meltwater pulse 1a — 1 - 3 meters sea level rise per century for several centuriIce core data from Antarctic from ocean sediments show 8 episodes of very large ice flux — largest 14,600 years ago, meltwater pulse 1a — 1 - 3 meters sea level rise per century for several centuriice flux — largest 14,600 years ago, meltwater pulse 1a — 1 - 3 meters sea level rise per century for several centuries.

As the ice melted, starting around 20 000 years ago, sea level rose rapidly at average rates of about 10 mm per year (1 m per century), and with peak rates of the order of 40 mm per year (4 m per century), until about 6000 years ago.»

Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) occurs in response to retreating ice from the last glacial period, where around most of the world, land is subsiding at a fraction of a millimetre per year, compounding the problem of sea - level rise.

At the height of the last ice age, sea levels were about 120 metres below present day levels, and the average rise of sea level during the return to our present climate was about 1 metre per one hundred years.

The total 2000 — 2008 mass loss of ~ 1500 gigatons, equivalent to 0.46 millimeters per year of global sea level rise, is equally split between surface processes (runoff and precipitation) and ice dynamics.

It means that the Arctic sea ice has continued to thin by 0.1 m per year since Rothrock et al. reported in 1999.

«For example... the average personal CO2 emissions of several metric tons per year can be directly linked to the loss of tens of [square meters] of Arctic sea ice every single year.»

Given global greenhouse gas emissions of around 35 trillion metric tons per year, that suggests there won't be any Arctic sea ice in September by mid-century.

The GRACE observations over Antarctica suggest a near - zero change due to combined ice and solid earth mass redistribution; the magnitude of our GIA correction is substantially smaller than previous models have suggested and hence we produce a systematically lower estimate of ice mass change from GRACE data: we estimate that Antarctica has lost 69 ± 18 Gigatonnes per year (Gt / yr) into the oceans over 2002 - 2010 — equivalent to +0.19 mm / yr globally - averaged sea level change, or about 6 % of the sea - level change during that period.

This warming means that the sea ice, which naturally increases and decreases during the winter and summer seasons, is sticking around for 100 fewer days per year than it did in 1978.

Three years of measurements from CryoSat show that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is now losing 159 billion tonnes of ice each year, enough to raise global sea levels by 0.45 mm per yeIce Sheet is now losing 159 billion tonnes of ice each year, enough to raise global sea levels by 0.45 mm per yeice each year, enough to raise global sea levels by 0.45 mm per year.

Between April 2002 and April 2006, GRACE data uncovered ice mass loss in Greenland of 248 ± 36 cubic kilometers per year, an amount equivalent to a global sea rise of 0.5 ± 0.1 millimeters per year.

Ice sheet mass decreased at 152 ± 80 cubic kilometers of ice per year, equal to 0.4 ± 0.2 millimeters of sea level rise per yeIce sheet mass decreased at 152 ± 80 cubic kilometers of ice per year, equal to 0.4 ± 0.2 millimeters of sea level rise per yeice per year, equal to 0.4 ± 0.2 millimeters of sea level rise per year.

The new data confirmed that most of the melting happened on ice - covered Greenland and Antarctica, where enough ice melted to raise sea levels by 1.06 millimeters (0.042 inches) per year between January 2003 and December 2010, the study period.

Updating this analysis using observational data through 2011 (not even including the 2012 record low sea ice extent), the 32 - year trend (1979 - 2011) is -530 thousand square km per decade, and the 20 - year trend is -700 thousand square km per decade.

For example, as a result of ice melting on land, such as from glaciers and ice sheets, as well as thermal expansion of the ocean, we have seen sea level rise 3.4 millimeters per year from 1993 - 2015, which puts coastal communities at risk of flooding and infrastructure damage.

Satellite measurements reveal that the Greenland and West Antarctic ice sheets are shedding about 125 billion tons of ice per year — enough to raise sea levels by 0.35 millimeters (0.01 inches) per year.

The up trend for the anomaly in sea ice from 1978 to end 2006 is 804Km ^ 2 per year.

Its sea ice extent has been increasing at 0.9 % per decade (30 year trend 1979 - 2008).

According to study researcher Jürgen Determann, who like Hellmer is from the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, if the inland ice moves in lockstep with the ice sheet melting, it will mean an additional global sea level rise of 0.17 inches (4.4 millimeters) per year.

That increase in ice translates to about a quarter of a millimeter per year less sea level rise than was previously predicted, says lead author Jay Zwally, chief cryospheric scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Maryland.

For comparison, between 2003 and 2010, sea levels rose about 0.05 inches (1.5 mm) per year because of melting ice, and an additional 0.06 inches (1.7 mm) because of thermal expansion of the warming waters.

A different approach (Mitrovica et al, Nature 409:1026, (2001)-RRB- suggests melting of the Greenland ice complex over the last century has already contributed the equivalent of 0.6 mm per year of sea - level rise.

This paper analyzes the 420,00 o year Antarctic Vostok ice core data comparing the CO2, CH4, sea level, and surface albedo changes do derive his empirical 3 °C per 4 W / m2 climate sensitivity from the ice core data.

Sea levels which rapidly rose 400 feet following the last Ice Age have only risen at a steady rate of four to eight inches per century over the past 150 years.

In other words, there has been virtually no change in sea ice cover over the last 12 years, despite the fact that atmospheric CO2 has now surpassed 410 parts per million, a considerable and steady increase over levels in 2006 which were about 380 ppm (see below, from the Scripps Oceanographic Laboratory, included in the Washington Post story 3 May 2018):

That in turn is enough ice to raise sea levels by 0.2 meters per year.

[3] Greenland's ice sheet is losing mass at about 300 cubic kilometres per year, with potentially devastating consequences for sea level rises.

And more recent estimates of the Antarctic mass balance contribution to sea level rise has the East Antarctica ice sheet gaining mass at a more accelerated pace for 2003 - 2013 than the mere +14 Gt per year identified by Shepherd et al. (2012) for 1992 - 2011.

In (d — f) the temperature units are °C per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years; the sea ice units are percent / − 10 per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years; the Z850 contours are meters per standard deviation of the PC per 30 years, and the contour spacing is 10 m, with positive values solid lines and negative values dashed lines

Over the past century, the Antarctic has gone from being a vast Terra Incognita to a continent - sized ticking time bomb: according to NASA, Antarctica has lost «approximately 125 gigatons of ice per year [between 2002 and 2016], causing global sea level to rise by 0.35 millimeters...

According to the most highly - cited analyses of polar ice sheet melt and contribution to sea level rise, the Antarctic ice sheet as a whole changed in mass by -71 gigatonnes (GT) per year between 1992 and 2011.

The September rate of sea ice decline since 1979 is now approximately 10 percent per decade, or 72,000 square kilometers (28,000 square miles) per year (see Figure 3).

For the Eastern Fraim Strait, the Southeast Barents Sea, and North Iceland, there was considerably less sea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decadSea, and North Iceland, there was considerably less sea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decadsea ice coverage (as assessed in months - per - year) during the late 1600s to early 1700s than there has been during the last few decades.