If you write that «Latest
sea level measurements from benchmark island shows sea level is dropping», you need to be told, if you are still there, that that is rubbish.
Raw data collected from altimeters have been re-processed and collated with wind speed data from scatterometers and
sea level measurements from tide gauges, to show the spatial structure of each storm.
Not exact matches
Dr. Willis studies
sea level rise driven by human - caused global warming, using data
measurements taken
from space.
Described in a research paper published in the journal «Geophysical Research Letters», the «smoke rings» were discovered by analysing
sea level measurements taken
from satellites together with
sea surface temperature images
from the same time and place.
The past climates that forced these changes in ice volume and
sea level were reconstructed mainly
from temperature - sensitive
measurements in ocean cores
from around the globe, and
from ice cores.
New
measurements from a NASA satellite have allowed researchers to identify and quantify, for the first time, how climate - driven increases of liquid water storage on land have affected the rate of
sea level rise.
The team analyzed
sea -
level measurements from 24 places around the world.
Our new study, published today in the journal Earth's Future, finds that — at least
from measurements of global
sea level and continental - scale Antarctic ice - sheet changes — scientists won't be able to tell which road the planet is on until the 2060s.
«
Sea level was rising slowly (0.3 ± 0.3 mm / yr)
from AD 1500 to AD 1900, but during the 20th century the rate increased to 2.8 ± 0.5 mm / yr, in agreement with instrumental
measurements commencing in 1924.»
Recent methane
measurements at Terceira Island, Azores, Portugal and Tae - ahn Peninsula, Republic of Korea (See http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/gmd/dv/iadv/index.php) in the context of outlier data points over the last decade at sites such as Storhofdi, Vestmannaeyjar, Iceland, and reports of methane releases
from the Arctic seabed, tell us that at current
levels of AGW, the Earth's
sea - floor methane systems are not stable.
Note that this sampling noise in the tide gauge data most likely comes
from the water sloshing around in the ocean under the influence of winds etc., which looks like
sea -
level change if you only have a very limited number of
measurement points, although this process can not actually change the true global - mean
sea level.
Shown is the past history of
sea level since the year 1700
from proxy data (sediments, purple) and multiple records
from tide gauge
measurements.
Mike's work, like that of previous award winners, is diverse, and includes pioneering and highly cited work in time series analysis (an elegant use of Thomson's multitaper spectral analysis approach to detect spatiotemporal oscillations in the climate record and methods for smoothing temporal data), decadal climate variability (the term «Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation» or «AMO» was coined by Mike in an interview with Science's Richard Kerr about a paper he had published with Tom Delworth of GFDL showing evidence in both climate model simulations and observational data for a 50 - 70 year oscillation in the climate system; significantly Mike also published work with Kerry Emanuel in 2006 showing that the AMO concept has been overstated as regards its role in 20th century tropical Atlantic SST changes, a finding recently reaffirmed by a study published in Nature), in showing how changes in radiative forcing
from volcanoes can affect ENSO, in examining the role of solar variations in explaining the pattern of the Medieval Climate Anomaly and Little Ice Age, the relationship between the climate changes of past centuries and phenomena such as Atlantic tropical cyclones and global
sea level, and even a bit of work in atmospheric chemistry (an analysis of beryllium - 7
measurements).
The data come
from a multitude of sources that include not only temperature
measurements but also commensurate steric
sea level rise.
Hatun et al. also used altimeter data (local
sea level height
measurements from satellite observations) to diagnose the norther oceans gyre circulation.
The issues relating to
sea level rise and the global water budget can only be addressed when the record of satellite gravity
measurement from GRACE achieves adequate duration.
At the same time, the GRACE gravitational - anomaly satellites, the most accurate method of
measurement we have, showed
sea level actually falling
from 2003 — 2009.
Vertical land movements such as resulting
from glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA), tectonics, subsidence and sedimentation influence local
sea level measurements but do not alter ocean water volume; nonetheless, they affect global mean
sea level through their alteration of the shape and hence the volume of the ocean basins containing the water.
To extract the signal of
sea level change due to ocean water volume and other oceanographic change, land motions need to be removed
from the tide gauge
measurement.
Despite
measurements of total heat absorbed by the oceans by Levitus et al. (2000) and Levitus et al. (2001), «20th - century
sea level remains an enigma — we do not know whether warming or melting was dominant, and the budget is far
from closed,» according to Munk (2003).
The primary danger
from global warming was supposed to be the
sea level rise
from melting ice caps but this hasn't occurred either and satellite
measurements show that the rate of
sea level rise has in fact decreased in 2004 to 0.37 mm / year in the Atlantic and 0.15 mm / year in the Pacific.
Three years of
measurements from CryoSat show that the Antarctic Ice Sheet is now losing 159 billion tonnes of ice each year, enough to raise global
sea levels by 0.45 mm per year.
These climate - related land storage effects could be significant for global
sea -
levels, though unfortunately there seem to be very few direct experimental
measurements of the factors involved, and so the only studies of these effects seem to have been
from computer modelling of data
from weather data «reanalysis» models (e.g., ERA - 40).
Some researchers have argued that the higher trends
from the satellite
measurements proves that there has been an «acceleration» in
sea level rise, e.g., Church & White, 2006 (Abstract; Google Scholar access) or Cazenabe & Nerem, 2004 (Abstract; Google Scholar access).
The Challenger expedition
measurements also revealed that thermal expansion of
sea water caused by global warming contributed about 40 percent of the total
sea level rise seen in tide gauges
from 1873 to 1955.
Data
from satellite
measurements show that
sea levels have increased by about three inches on average worldwide since 1992 suggesting that
sea levels are rising more quickly than anticipated and faster than they did 50 years ago.
I would point to TSI, OHC,
sea level, humidity, temps, Sea Ice, nothing is good enough for either side except the highly adjusted surface temps from GISS and not even they fully support the models and appear to conflict with other measurement
sea level, humidity, temps,
Sea Ice, nothing is good enough for either side except the highly adjusted surface temps from GISS and not even they fully support the models and appear to conflict with other measurement
Sea Ice, nothing is good enough for either side except the highly adjusted surface temps
from GISS and not even they fully support the models and appear to conflict with other
measurements!!
Now, as you say, there are all sorts of problems with the historical records of
sea level but — just as with temperatures — it is likely that
measurements from the satellites will be more accurate and less prone to random variation and sampling error than
measurements from ground based sensors.
Observed
sea level rise since 1970
from tide gauge data (red) and satellite
measurements (blue) compared to model projections for 1990 - 2010
from the IPCC Third Assessment Report (grey band).
The evidence comes
from direct
measurements of rising surface air temperatures and subsurface ocean temperatures and, indirectly,
from increases in average global
sea levels, retreating glaciers, and changes in many physical and biological systems.
The authors instead assume
from other published studies of tide gauge
measurements that the ~ 1.5 mm / yr
sea level rise over the past 150 + years began at that point in time.
Both of the Nature Climate Change studies used a combination of direct
measurements of temperature at various depths, a
measurement of the altitude of the top of the ocean (
sea level)
from highly accurate satellite instruments, and measures of the mass of the water in the ocean,
from the GRAIL gravity research project.
[5]
From 1950 to 2009, measurements show an average annual rise in sea level of 1.7 ± 0.3 mm per year, with satellite data showing a rise of 3.3 ± 0.4 mm per year from 1993 to 2009, [6] a faster rate of increase than previously estima
From 1950 to 2009,
measurements show an average annual rise in
sea level of 1.7 ± 0.3 mm per year, with satellite data showing a rise of 3.3 ± 0.4 mm per year
from 1993 to 2009, [6] a faster rate of increase than previously estima
from 1993 to 2009, [6] a faster rate of increase than previously estimated.
We know it
from direct
measurements of land and water,
from shifts in where animals and plants live,
from rapid increases in glacier and ice sheet melt,
from sea level rise (due less to melting ice, and more to expansion as the water warms).
The ten indicators of climate change include
measurements of
sea level rise taken
from ships, the temperature of the upper atmosphere taken
from weather balloons and field surveys of melting glaciers.
Concern is raised by recent inferences
from gravity
measurements that the WAIS is losing mass (39), and observations that glaciers draining into the Amundsen
Sea are losing 60 % more ice than they are gaining and hence contributing to sea - level rise (4
Sea are losing 60 % more ice than they are gaining and hence contributing to
sea - level rise (4
sea -
level rise (40).
(Part of the How to Talk to a Global Warming Skeptic guide) Objection: According to the latest state - of - the - art satellite
measurements from over the Arctic,
sea levels are falling!
The University of Colorado's
Sea Level Research Group decided in May to add 0.3 millimeters — or about the thickness of a fingernail — every year to its actual measurements of sea levels, sparking criticism from experts who called it an attempt to exaggerate the effects of global warmi
Sea Level Research Group decided in May to add 0.3 millimeters — or about the thickness of a fingernail — every year to its actual
measurements of
sea levels, sparking criticism from experts who called it an attempt to exaggerate the effects of global warmi
sea levels, sparking criticism
from experts who called it an attempt to exaggerate the effects of global warming.
Steve Nerem, the director of the widely relied - upon research center, told FoxNews.com that his group added the 0.3 millimeters per year to the actual
sea level measurements because land masses, still rebounding
from the ice age, are rising and increasing the amount of water that oceans can hold.
The barystatic
sea level rise, the actual increasing volume of the ocean, in particular, is masked
from measurements that are based on satellite observations.
Morner, a world renowned physicist and geologist (and former IPCC member) who has traveled the world for decades measuring
sea levels, conducted a recent study employing
measurement data
from 159 sites around the globe.
The bill also requires updating
sea level - rise
measurements prepared through the University of Connecticut using data
from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
A basic example would be
sea level, it takes time to melt ice at a certain temperature, so therefore any
measurement of palaeo -
sea level would be offset
from the period of warmth with which it is related, as the ice that would melt
from such warmth would take a certain period of time to then effect the
sea level (and then effect other proxies such as corals, and so on).
Our new study, published today in the journal Earth's Future, finds that — at least
from measurements of global
sea level and continental - scale Antarctic ice - sheet changes — scientists won't be able to tell which road the planet is on until the 2060s.
If one completely ignores any of the above data sets (whether they be direct
measurements or proxies), there exist many disparate observations of global warming ranging
from the rise in
sea level which threatens various nations» lands... which has been either minimal or non-detectable, as opposed to what the AGW fans have been telling us.
If it were true then starting
from 3.0 mm / yr today and looking back would entail a decline in
sea level of 28.2 cm / century back in 1985 when GEOSAT was launched to make such
measurements.
Sea level measurements, either
from satellites, tide gauges, or geological proxies, don't rely on global TOA flux balance estimates.
Since 1992, global mean
sea level can be computed at 10 - day intervals by averaging the altimetric
measurements from the TOPEX / Poseidon (T / P) and Jason satellites over the area of coverage (66 ° S to 66 ° N)(Nerem and Mitchum, 2001).