NOAA infills missing data for both land and
sea surface temperature datasets using methods presented in Smith et al (2008).
The revisions to NOAA's long - term
sea surface temperature datasets were presented in the Karl, et al. (2015) paper Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus.
> We analyze and compare the monthly global land -
sea surface temperature datasets HADCRUT3 and HADCRUT4 for 1850 - 2010 by subtracting two analytically modeled components and demonstrating with a suitable low - pass filter that the residue contains no significant fluctuations with periods longer than the 22 - year Hale cycle.
The study also suggests two other widely - used
sea surface temperature datasets, the Hadley Centre's HadSST3 record and the Japanese COBE - SST record, have significant «cool biases» due to treating all measuring instruments equally.
In June 2015, NOAA researchers led by Thomas Karl published a paper in the journal Science comparing the new and previous NOAA
sea surface temperature datasets, finding that the rate of global warming since 2000 had been underestimated and there was no so - called «hiatus» in warming in the first fifteen years of the 21st century.
The East Pacific Ocean (90S - 90N, 180 - 80W) has not warmed since the start of the satellite - based Reynolds OI.v2
sea surface temperature dataset, yet the multi-model mean of the CMIP3 (IPCC AR4) and CMIP5 (IPCC AR5) simulations of sea surface temperatures say, if they were warmed by anthropogenic forcings, they should have warmed approximately 0.42 to 0.44 deg C.
Let's compare the warming and cooling patterns for lower troposphere temperatures over the oceans to a spatially complete, satellite - enhanced
sea surface temperature dataset, Reynolds OI.v2.
Let's switch from Reynolds OI.v2 to a longer - term
sea surface temperature dataset (HADISST).
And in past model - data comparisons, we've used the NOAA's original satellite - enhanced Reynolds OI.v2
sea surface temperature dataset, but for this one we're using NOAA's Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature version 4 (ERSST.v4) data.
Bob, «
every sea surface temperature dataset is prepared in absolute terms» Yes, it is, and has to be, in gridded form.
The sea surface temperature dataset being used in this post is NOAA's Extended Reconstructed Sea Surface Temperature dataset, version 4 (ERSST.v4), a.k.a. their «pause buster» data.
If Karl was trying to come up with an accurate
sea surface temperature dataset, he should have thrown out the inaccurate ship data instead.
Your model appears to be very dependent on the spatially incomplete
sea surface temperature dataset (and soon to be obsolete) HADSST2.
Not exact matches
The government
dataset, called the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Extended Reconstructed
Sea Surface Temperature version 4, increased the sea surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring instrumen
Sea Surface Temperature version 4, increased the sea surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring instr
Surface Temperature version 4, increased the sea surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring i
Temperature version 4, increased the
sea surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring instrumen
sea surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring instr
surface temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring i
temperature trend estimate over the last 18 years from 0.07 ° Celsius per decade to 0.12 ° Celsius per decade, partly because of adjustments for different types of measuring instruments.
(The specific
dataset used as the foundation of the composition was the Combined Land -
Surface Air and
Sea -
Surface Water
Temperature Anomalies Zonal annual means.)
Using monthly - averaged global satellite records from the International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP [5]-RRB- and the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) in conjunction with
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric (NOAA) extended and reconstructed SST (ERSST)
dataset [7] we have examined the reliability of long - term cloud measurements.
--
Sea surface temperatures increased: Four independent datasets indicate that the globally averaged sea surface temperature for 2013 was among the 10 warmest on reco
Sea surface temperatures increased: Four independent
datasets indicate that the globally averaged
sea surface temperature for 2013 was among the 10 warmest on reco
sea surface temperature for 2013 was among the 10 warmest on record.
In our analysis we use eight well - known
datasets: 1) globally averaged well - mixed marine boundary layer CO2 data, 2) HadCRUT3
surface air
temperature data, 3) GISS
surface air
temperature data, 4) NCDC
surface air
temperature data, 5) HadSST2
sea surface temperature data, 6) UAH lower troposphere
temperature data series, 7) CDIAC data on release of anthropogene CO2, and 8) GWP data on volcanic eruptions.
A known problem with that
dataset is that GISS Deletes Arctic And Southern Ocean
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Data.
The adjacent chart plots
sea surface temperatures since 1979, broken into three segments (note: the same starting date from the satellite
dataset analysis was utilized to keep the comparisons consistent).
The models are gauged against the following observation - based
datasets: Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis of Precipitation (CMAP; Xie and Arkin, 1997) for precipitation (1980 — 1999), European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts 40 - year reanalysis (ERA40; Uppala et al., 2005) for
sea level pressure (1980 — 1999) and Climatic Research Unit (CRU; Jones et al., 1999) for
surface temperature (1961 — 1990).
One other group of
datasets which are worth some extra discussion are the
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) estimates.
* lots more information about the ERSSTv4
dataset and uncertainty can be found in this paper: Huang, B., P. Thorne, T. Smith, W. Liu, J. Lawrimore, V. Banzon, H. Zhang, T. Peterson, and M. Menne, 2015: Further Exploring and Quantifying Uncertainties for Extended Reconstructed
Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) Version 4 (v4).
Surface warming / ocean warming: «A reassessment of temperature variations and trends from global reanalyses and monthly surface climatological datasets» «Estimating changes in global temperature since the pre-industrial period» «Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus» «Assessing the impact of satellite - based observations in sea surface temperature trends
Surface warming / ocean warming: «A reassessment of
temperature variations and trends from global reanalyses and monthly
surface climatological datasets» «Estimating changes in global temperature since the pre-industrial period» «Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global surface warming hiatus» «Assessing the impact of satellite - based observations in sea surface temperature trends
surface climatological
datasets» «Estimating changes in global
temperature since the pre-industrial period» «Possible artifacts of data biases in the recent global
surface warming hiatus» «Assessing the impact of satellite - based observations in sea surface temperature trends
surface warming hiatus» «Assessing the impact of satellite - based observations in
sea surface temperature trends
surface temperature trends»
«Direct observational data on
surface air
temperature are sparse for the Antarctic, but none of the
datasets examined provides evidence of net warming south of 60 ° S since 1979, a period during which
sea - ice extent increased a little.»
On July 15, 2015, GISS switched from NOAA / NCDC's Extended Reconstructed
Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST) dataset version 3b to version 4 in their temperatur
Temperature (ERSST)
dataset version 3b to version 4 in their
temperaturetemperature analysis.
Temperature anomalies for 2.0 - degree reef pixels in the tropical Caribbean computed using the NOAA Extended Reconstructed
Sea Surface Temperature (ERSST)
dataset.
HadSST3, HADISST and ERSST.v3b, all include bucket model adjusted ICOADS data, and HADCRUT4 is «a blend of the CRUTEM4 land -
surface air
temperature dataset and the HadSST3
sea -
surface temperature (SST)
dataset.»
It has been noted by investigators that the algorithms used for adjusting satellite observed SST data has been inconsistent, cloud coverage has limited the adequacy of satellite coverage, and in - situ measurements by VOS and buoy networks has been inadequate with respect to the
datasets produced by the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometers (AVHRR), Cross Product
Sea Surface Temperature (CPSST), Non-Linear SST (NLSST), and Multi-Channel
Sea Surface Temperature (MCSST) methods.
Re-calibration of Arctic
sea ice extent
datasets using Arctic
surface air
temperature records >.
The Hadley centre of the UK Meteorological office has for a number of years maintained a
dataset of
sea surface temperatures (SSTs), HadSST2, which has formed a basis for estimating global
surface temperatures.
The Hadley centre of the UK Meteorological office has for a number of years maintained a
dataset of
sea surface temperatures (SSTs), HadSST2, which has formed the basis for estimating global
surface temperatures.
His rebuttal shows that NOAA's news land
surface record is similar to that of other major climate
datasets, and that a new paper (on which he was lead co-author) confirms its
sea surface data — «Assessing recent warming using instrumentally homogeneous
sea surface temperature records» in Science Advances, January 2017.
aaron, all three
datasets start with the same source data: land
surface air
temperatures and
sea surface temperatures.
Introduction: The UK Met Office HADCRUT4
dataset merges CRUTEM4 land -
surface air
temperature dataset and the HadSST3
sea -
surface temperature (SST)
dataset.
https://judithcurry.com/2016/02/10/are-land-
sea-
temperature-averages-meaningful/ Several of the major
datasets that claim to represent «global average
surface temperature» are directly or effectively averaging land air
temperatures with
sea surface temperatures.
To expand the coverage of global gridded reanalyses, the 20th Century Reanalysis Project is an effort led by PSD and the CIRES at the University of Colorado to produce a reanalysis
dataset spanning the entire twentieth century, assimilating only
surface observations of synoptic pressure, monthly
sea surface temperature and
sea ice distribution.
The differences between
temperature datasets mainly stem from differences in their coverage of the polar regions and from differences in their estimates of
sea -
surface temperature.
There is a recognised bias in the
dataset from the period around WWII associated with changes in the nationality of the shipping fleets taking
sea surface temperature measurements - the main contributor to the
temperature record - due to the war.
For the «2013 as observed» experiment, the atmospheric model uses observed
sea surface temperature data from December 2012 to November 2013 from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate conditio
sea surface temperature data from December 2012 to November 2013 from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate cond
surface temperature data from December 2012 to November 2013 from the Operational Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate
temperature data from December 2012 to November 2013 from the Operational
Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate conditio
Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate cond
Surface Temperature and Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate
Temperature and
Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA) dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate conditio
Sea Ice Analysis (OSTIA)
dataset (Stark et al. 2007; Donlon et al. 2012) and present day atmospheric gas concentrations to simulate weather events that are possible given the observed climate conditions.
«RE-CALIBRATION OF ARCTIC
SEA ICE EXTENT
DATASETS USING ARCTIC
SURFACE AIR
TEMPERATURE RECORDs,» Heartland Institute, April 30, 2017.
Soon is listed as a co-author of a paper in the Hydrological Sciences Journal on the «Re-calibration of Arctic
sea ice extent
datasets using Arctic
surface air
temperature records.»
The warming in the ACORN - SAT
dataset is very similar to that shown in international analyses of Australian
temperature data and very closely matches satellite data and warming of
sea surface temperatures around Australia.
«Re-calibration of Arctic
sea ice extent
datasets using Arctic
surface air
temperature records» (PDF), Hydrological Sciences Journal, DOI: 10.1080 / 02626667.2017.1324974
Their LO
datasets are merged with the UK Met Office Hadley Centre's
sea surface temperature (SST) analyses to create the HadCRU BL
datasets.
Project Scientist Dave Berry has written a paper assessing the stability of the (A) ATSR
sea surface temperature climate
dataset from ESA's climate change initiative.
These
datasets include: NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of
Sea Surface Temperature - WHOI, Version 1.0 U.S. Monthly Extremes Global Historical Climatology Network — Monthly (GHCN - M) Version 3 African Easterly Wave Climatology Version 1 NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Daily Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 1.2 NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Monthly Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR), Version 2.2 - 1 Global
Surface Summary of the Day — GSOD Monthly Summaries of the Global Historical Climatology Network — Daily (GHCN - D) I nternational
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 2 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 3 Monthly International
Surface Temperature Initiative (ISTI) Global Land
Surface Temperature Databank — Stage 1 Daily... Continued
These
datasets include: NOAA Optimum Interpolation 1/4 Degree Daily
Sea Surface Temperature (OISST) Analysis, Version 2 AVHRR Pathfinder Version 5.2 Level 3 Collated (L3C) Global 4 km
Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Climate Data Record (CDR) for 1981 - 2010 NOAA Climate Data Record (CDR) of Gridded Satellite Data from ISCCP B1 (GridSat - B1) 11 micron Brightness
Temperature, Version 2 NCDC Storm Events Database Coastal Economic Trends for Coastal Geographies Demographic Trends (1970 - 2010) for Coastal Geographies FEMA HAZUS Critical Facilities for Coastal Geographies Time - Series Data for Self - Employed Economic Activity Dependent on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 Time - Series Data on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 (Sector and Industry Level) Time - Series Data on the Ocean and Great Lakes Economy for Counties, States, and the Nation between 2005 and 2012 (Sector Level)... Continued
The Kommersant talks about HaCRUT data in connection with land stations, but «HadCRUT is the
dataset of monthly
temperature records formed by combining the
sea surface temperature records compiled by the Hadley Centre of the UK Met Office and the land
surface temperature records compiled by the Climatic Research Unit (CRU) of the University of East Anglia.
Aug. 15, 2017: The standard GISTEMP analysis now uses the ERSST version 5
dataset for
sea surface temperatures, rather than ERRST v. 4.