According to the study published in Journal Coral Reef, a group of scientists from James Cook University, University of Sydney and Queensland University of Technology was examining the high - resolution
seafloor data provided by the Royal Australian Navy when they noticed the unusual donut - shaped masses.
«They have the data below the seafloor,
the seafloor data — and to top it off they have the water column with the gas plumes.»
By examining the most comprehensive collection of
seafloor data from offshore eastern Sicily and the Maltese Islands, an international team of geoscientists has now discovered an extensive buried mass of material that is thought to have been eroded and transported by the Zanclean flood.
That seafloor data, however, was not available to two other analyses of the earthquake, also published this week online in Science.
By combining older
seafloor data and digital seismic data from earthquakes along with 4,500 kilometers (2,796 miles) of new seafloor depth measurements, or bathymetry, collected in 2010, Legg and his colleagues were able to take a closer look at the structure of two of the larger seafloor faults in the Borderland: the Santa Cruz - Catalina Ridge Fault and the Ferrelo Fault.
Although the Havre event was larger than the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, a similar type of volcano that shot a huge column of debris into the air,
the seafloor data weren't indicative of such a large eruption.
RAPID RETREAT New
seafloor data reveal that Køge Bugt (shown) and other fast - retreating glaciers in southeastern Greenland sit within deep fjords, allowing warm Atlantic Ocean water to speed up melting.
New
seafloor data reveal that some fjords, such as the one beneath Mogens North, are deeper (solid black line) than previous simulations suggested (dashed pink line).
Not exact matches
GPS and acoustic
data reveal very large
seafloor movements associated with the quake directly above the focal region.
The study uses
data from two NASA missions — Operation IceBridge, which measures ice thickness and gravity from aircraft, and Oceans Melting Greenland, or OMG, which uses sonar and gravity instruments to map the shape and depth of the
seafloor close to the ice front.
Using
data collected by
seafloor sound monitors, the scientists can map the locations of whales and measure their sounds, along with anthropogenic sounds.
«Our
data suggest that there are two other processes in the mantle that are stronger: one, the asthenosphere is clearly flowing on its own, but it's deeper and smaller scale; and, two,
seafloor spreading at the ridge produces a very strong lithospheric fabric that can not be ignored.»
«Given the immense size of the regions in which we are working, it has taken many years of
data collection and integration of existing
data sets in order to produce
seafloor maps with the resolution needed to identify all the features we are interested in,» said U.S. Geological Survey research marine geologist Jason Chaytor.
The team were able to draw these conclusions by analysing new
data from the chemical composition of the fossilised shells of sea surface and
seafloor organisms from that period, taken from drilling cores from the ocean floor in the South Atlantic.
Their collected
data has allowed Rignot, Scheuchl and their team at UC Irvine to map the
seafloor in the region.
Chave had recently worked at Bell Laboratories, coordinating a project to reuse an old AT&T
seafloor telephone cable to transmit undersea earthquake
data to researchers onshore in Japan.
But using an old
seafloor map of Havre and satellite
data, Carey and her colleagues calculated that more than 75 percent of the material produced by Havre ended up in the 400 - square - kilometer pumice raft.
For decades, sensors will gather
data on water chemistry, currents, photosynthesis, animal activity, and
seafloor eruptions and earthquakes.
Once that
data has been collected, he will apply the techniques he developed on the Juan de Fuca in the hope of learning more about what lies beneath the
seafloor in the old oceans, where mysterious undulations in Earth's gravity field have been measured.
Collected
data include 3D maps of the
seafloor and high - quality video and photos, and show the location and extent of the corals.
«We only have satellite
data giving us the
seafloor depth,» which is an estimated 500 meters, Linse says.
The AUV team, led by MBARI engineer David Caress, pored over the detailed bathymetric map they created from the AUV
data and saw a number of mounds and spires rising up from the
seafloor.
He envisions a network of sensors and cameras on the
seafloor, transmitting
data to buoys near the surface, which in turn bounce the signals off satellites to Baker's office in Seattle.
The purpose was to create a bathymetric picture of the sea bottom and to collect reflection seismic
data, which allows researchers to peer into the sediments and rocks underneath the
seafloor.
The
data showed them that the landward
seafloor in the trench area slipped as much as 50 metres horizontally, said Yasuyuki Nakamura, Deputy Group leader in JAMSTEC's Center for Earthquake and Tsunami Structural Seismology Group.
Ocean floor seismometers will supplement land - based seismic
data by providing measurements of the aftershocks on the
seafloor.
To untangle the impacts that these three climate stressors will have on
seafloor diversity in the future, the researchers examined existing published
data and collected new
data on organisms living in deep - sea sediments in upwelling regions along continental margins, where the ocean and continental crusts meet along the
seafloor.
«Satellite radar
data have given us a detailed picture of where natural seeps are concentrated across deep
seafloor of the Gulf of Mexico,» said co-author Ian MacDonald, an oceanographer and professor at Florida State University.
In 2011, the IEEE, a professional association for electronics engineers, highlighted the risk to the global economy from the proximity of submarine cables carrying international commercial
data at certain «choke points» — allowing sabotage or seismic
seafloor movements to take out many cables at once.
For example,
data from this study has been used to examine the evolution of gas hydrate stability within the Eurasian Arctic over glacial timescales, exploring the development of massive mounds and methane blow - out craters that have been recently discovered on the Arctic
seafloor.
The studies are based on
data collected by the Cabled Array, a National Science Foundation - funded project that brings electrical power and internet to the
seafloor.
Even where methane increases are observed at the ocean surface, scientists need better
data to determine whether emissions come from hydrates or other
seafloor sources.
However, Khazendar and Scheuchl said, researchers need more information on the shape of the bedrock and
seafloor beneath the ice, as well as more
data on ocean circulation and temperatures, to be able to better project how much ice these glaciers will contribute to the ocean in a changing climate.
Underwater, high bandwidth free - space optical communications in both high and low ambient light conditions enabling untethered remotely operated submersibles and
data harvesting from
seafloor observatories
Dr. Titov, a mathematician who works for a government marine laboratory, began to assemble his digital tools on his computer's hard drive: a three - dimensional map of the Indian Ocean
seafloor and the seismic
data showing the force, breadth and direction of the earthquake's punch to the sea.
Their
data from the other pole, from the Antarctic ice sheet, bring us an important step closer to nailing down the mechanism of the mysterious abrupt climate jumps in Greenland and their reverberations around the world, which can be identified in places as diverse as Chinese caves, Caribbean
seafloor sediments and many others.
Since then, a number of new proxies and
seafloor coring and drilling projects have produced a wealth of additional
data.
In Antarctica, a new compilation called Bedmap2, produced by the British Antarctic Survey, merges multiple
data sources to map the
seafloor and sub-glacial bedrock elevation.
Data on bathymetry, demersal fish, sponges and sediments, and oceanographic data, were used to identify a suite of unique seafloor bioregions comprising 41 provinces, three depth - related biomes on the continental slope, and geomorphic units that represent clusters of geomorphic features around the
Data on bathymetry, demersal fish, sponges and sediments, and oceanographic
data, were used to identify a suite of unique seafloor bioregions comprising 41 provinces, three depth - related biomes on the continental slope, and geomorphic units that represent clusters of geomorphic features around the
data, were used to identify a suite of unique
seafloor bioregions comprising 41 provinces, three depth - related biomes on the continental slope, and geomorphic units that represent clusters of geomorphic features around the EEZ.
The researchers looked at
data collected by an array of instruments that measured water velocity through the Drake Passage from the surface of the ocean to the
seafloor.
For example,
data from this study has been used to examine the evolution of gas hydrate stability within the Eurasian Arctic over glacial timescales, exploring the development of massive mounds and methane blow - out craters that have been recently discovered on the Arctic
seafloor.
This becomes evident by pairing
seafloor topography and tectonic
data with the recently published OCO2 - results.
Data on slight variations of the pull of gravity over the oceans are recorded with satellite altimetry, and are then combined to map the
seafloor globally.
The theory of
seafloor spreading had one skeptic who kept the scientists on their toes for years until they got it right with enough
data of different types.