Methane was seeping from
the seafloor for thousands of years following the retreat of the Barents Sea ice sheet, shows a groundbreaking new study in Nature Communications.
Scientists are in the early stages of building a fiber optic network on
the seafloor for observing, in real time, deep - sea hydrothermal vents — places where super-heated water and minerals spew from Earth's crust offering clues about how life on the planet may have began.
This decline in diversity is particularly likely as these groups of organisms tend to rely heavily on detrital matter sinking to
the seafloor for their energy requirements (Danovaro et al., 2008; Smith et al., 2008; Jones et al., 2014).
That suggests the tools let them gain access to a new food source, perhaps by protecting their rostrums as they sift
the seafloor for bottom dwellers.
In a previous study, Melanie Bergmann analysed photographs from the deep Arctic
seafloor for signs of plastic, glass and other types of litter.
This past June scientists at NASA's Stennis Space Center in Mississippi reported that the eyewall's extreme conditions can stir up ocean currents 300 feet below the surface, disrupting sediment and organisms on
the seafloor for as long as a week after the storm subsides.
Half a billion years ago, a creature slithered across
the seafloor for the first time.
Teams of marine scientists are towing nets to scoop up plankton, tagging large predators to track their migrations, sequencing the DNA in seawater to hunt for microbes, and trawling
the seafloor for bottom dwellers.
Not exact matches
Oceanographers have mapped the
seafloor and tracked endangered marine species
for decades using autonomous underwater vehicles, or AUVs.
Octopus - inspired propulsion system; image courtesy of Fraunhofer IPA An octopus spends most of its time crawling around on the
seafloor looking
for dinner — and trying to avoid becoming it.
«We talk about finding, searching
for signs of life on some of these ocean worlds, and in particular these geologically active ocean worlds with rocky
seafloors like Europa.»
He called it Tektite,
for meteors that survive their fall through the atmosphere, crashing into the ocean and leaving pearl - like fields of debris along the
seafloor.
So he went looking
for entrepreneurial solutions to creating underwater habitats: school bus — size
seafloor shelters that give aquanauts a pressurized, climate - controlled base, just as the International Space Station gives astronauts a hospitable home in orbit.
At the time, scientists already had developed remotely operated vehicles that could roam the
seafloor, and placed instruments on the ocean's bottom that could record uninterrupted measurements
for years.
It takes several hours to prepare the submersible
for the dive, and after seven to eight hours on the
seafloor, another round of work is needed to prepare the sub
for its next -LSB-...]
The key
for Koblick is that archaeology could underwrite new habitats, providing a money model
for bases on the
seafloor.
But naturally as we explore more environments (the deep
seafloor,
for example), we discover organisms we have never encountered.
For this study, video technicians searched the VARS database to find every video clip that showed debris on the
seafloor.
The findings are relevant to assessing the possible ecological impacts of
seafloor mining — scientists must account
for the uniqueness of local geology and chemistry and not assume that a common supply of animal larvae will colonize and restore neighboring habitats.
You can probably recognize this one as a jellyfish, but this one is something of a recluse — it forages
for crustaceans near the
seafloor.
Grey whales feed on the
seafloor at depths of up to 50 metres, and rely heavily on the shallow regions in Alaska's Bering Sea
for food.
Some scientists plan to assess the stability of the remaining ice shelf, others will map the region's
seafloor topography and still others want to study the newly exposed ecosystem that's been hidden from the sun
for up to 120,000 years (SN Online: 10/13/17).
Scientists believed that much of it got buried on the
seafloor to stay there
for centuries or millennia.
We've reached the end of our New Mexico road trip, and we have scoured the side of the road
for long - dead sea creatures, found a shark tooth in an ancient
seafloor and tracked long - dead worms across fossilized mud.
For days or even weeks at a time, these guns send a volley of ear - shattering sound through the ocean to impact the
seafloor every ten seconds or so.
Going beyond this specific demonstration, if this approach, known as acoustic
seafloor geodesy, proves to be robust in the long term (in this case, three to five years are planned, within the limits of the autonomy of the batteries), it could be included within a permanent underwater observatory as an addition to other observations (seismology, gas bubble emission, etc)
for in situ real - time monitoring of the activity of this particular fault, or of other active submarine faults elsewhere in the world.
A research group comprising Project Researcher Yusuke Yamashita, Assistant Professor Tomoaki Yamada, Professor Masanao Shinohara and Professor Kazushige Obara at the University of Tokyo Earthquake Research Institute and researchers at Kyushu University, Kagoshima University, Nagasaki University, and the National Research Institute
for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention, carried out ocean bottom seismological observation using 12 ocean bottom seismometers installed on the
seafloor of Hyuga - nada from April to July 2013.
For decades, sensors will gather data on water chemistry, currents, photosynthesis, animal activity, and
seafloor eruptions and earthquakes.
UCSC research scientist Patrick Fulton was on board the research vessel Kairei, operated by the Japan Agency
for Marine - Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC),
for the retrieval of the string of pressure and temperature sensors that was installed across the fault zone at about 800 meters beneath the
seafloor.
A day after the administration released the Hurricane Sandy Rebuilding Task Force progress report, three U.S. federal agencies have announced plans
for remapping parts of the East Coast, where Hurricane Sandy altered
seafloors and shorelines, destroyed buildings, and disrupted millions of lives last year.
«More «losers» than «winners» predicted
for Southern Ocean
seafloor animals.»
The
seafloor animals of the Southern Ocean shelf have long been isolated by the deep ocean surrounding Antarctica and the Antarctic Circumpolar Current, with little scope
for southward migration.
What they were searching
for are signs, like those seen along the San Andreas, that indicate how much the faults have slipped over time and whether some of that slippage caused some of the
seafloor to thrust upwards.
Now, several research groups aim to assess the stability of the remaining ice shelf, map the region's
seafloor and study a newly exposed ecosystem that's been hidden from the sun
for up to 120,000 years.
Analyses of a recently discovered type of hot vent ecosystem on the
seafloor suggest new possibilities
for how life evolved
This indicates that the deep
seafloor may be the ultimate sink
for marine litter,» Bergmann suggests.
For more than two decades, scientists studying hydrothermal circulation in the water under the
seafloor have assumed that the flow is relatively stable.
Methane - producing microbes under the
seafloor may have set the stage
for catastrophe, yet again.
The selective extinction of large - bodied animals could have serious consequences
for the health of marine ecosystems, the scientists say, because they tend to be at the tops of food webs and their movements through the water column and the
seafloor help cycle nutrients through the oceans.
Researchers have been studying this process in a concentrated effort 100 kilometers off the coast of Oregon, along a dumbbell - shaped promontory called Hydrate Ridge
for the icy deposits that virtually pave the
seafloor there.
Seals diving
for their dinner near Antarctica have surfaced with an extra morsel: information, gathered by electronic tags on the animals» heads, about the shape of the
seafloor there.
It is at the base of the food chain
for these
seafloor oases.
And the seals do it all
for a fraction of the cost of traditional
seafloor mapping done from ships.
For the first time, this current study delivers a «holistic» view of the effects of increasing CO2 concentrations on the
seafloor.
Jun - Yuan Chen of the Nanjing Institute of Geology and Paleontology and his colleagues collected and studied samples of Vernanimalcula guizhouena, a microscopic animal that probably moved along the
seafloor sucking in bacteria
for food.
«I would argue that there's zero evidence
for that,» says Gerald Dickens, a leading expert on
seafloor hydrates and their role in climate change.
But Erwin Suess of the Research Center
for Marine Geosciences (GEOMAR) in Kiel, Germany, and his colleagues have found a shortcut by which methane zooms from the
seafloor to the sky.
The data showed them that the landward
seafloor in the trench area slipped as much as 50 metres horizontally, said Yasuyuki Nakamura, Deputy Group leader in JAMSTEC's Center
for Earthquake and Tsunami Structural Seismology Group.
The current isn't much (about 30 milliwatts from an electrode the size of a manhole cover), but it flows indefinitely, and
for free — ideal, he suggests,
for running low - power
seafloor devices, such as ocean - monitoring instruments.
Most important, the work simulated the movement of dye — not viscous oil — injected in the upper layers of the ocean — not the deep
seafloor —
for a total of two months — not the ongoing no - end - in - sight disaster.