In the 1980s, he and his colleague Nancy Maciolek of Battelle Ocean Sciences in Massachusetts used a simple device called a box corer to collect undisturbed square - foot samples of
seafloor mud.
The bottom of that zone, deep in
the seafloor mud, is where the temperature gets too high, toward Earth's hot interior; the top of the zone is where the pressure gets too low, moving toward the surface.
In the third type of vent environment, «hydrothermal seeps,» much cooler (less than 30 - 60 degrees Celsius) water trickles out of lava flows interleaved with
seafloor mud.
(Nielsen says that he and his colleagues have not identified the bacterial species that provide conductivity in
the seafloor mud.)
In Pescadero Basin, however, hydrothermal - vent fluids pass through thick layers of
seafloor mud.
Possible nearest living relatives to complex life found in
seafloor mud.
Not exact matches
About 10 feet from the
seafloor, a trigger core hits bottom and releases the main core, which drops the remainder of the way by gravity and buries itself in the
mud.
We've reached the end of our New Mexico road trip, and we have scoured the side of the road for long - dead sea creatures, found a shark tooth in an ancient
seafloor and tracked long - dead worms across fossilized
mud.
Not the least of the challenges is that marine hydrate deposits are located in ocean
mud up to a kilometer below the
seafloor.
With the oil staunched, Chu allowed BP to proceed with a so - called «static kill» — another attempt to push the oil back down the well with heavy drilling
mud, made much easier by the fact that the oil no longer had a clear path out of the
seafloor.
As it approaches the
seafloor, it chills, and in many places it freezes, together with water in the
mud, into solid methane hydrate (white).
The team also took core samples of
mud from 1 to 2 meters below the
seafloor and analyzed ancient pollen to determine the age of the samples.
Mud volcanoes burble up during earthquakes because the shaking releases mud and water that are trapped beneath barriers in seafloor sedimen
Mud volcanoes burble up during earthquakes because the shaking releases
mud and water that are trapped beneath barriers in seafloor sedimen
mud and water that are trapped beneath barriers in
seafloor sediments.
«What we found is a fish with an amazing tolerance to anoxia and hydrogen sulfide that literally holds its breath on the
seafloor by day — where it eats lots of carbon - rich
mud,» says biologist Mark Gibbons of the University of the Western Cape in Bellville, South Africa, another participant in the study.
Not only can they hide from mackerel amongst the jellies» stinger - covered tentacles when they rise from the
seafloor to feed and digest at night, they can also survive for hours within the ocean floor's low - or no - oxygen
muds, which are pervaded by poisonous hydrogen sulfide gas — an inhospitable place lacking any other vertebrate species.
The scientists estimated oxygen levels by analyzing iron found in shale rock, which was once
mud on ancient
seafloors.
However, several studies suggest that significant amounts of CH4, produced within the Earth's crust (mainly by bacterial and thermogenic processes), are released into the atmosphere through faults and fractured rocks,
mud volcanoes on land and the
seafloor, submarine gas seepage, microseepage over dry lands and geothermal seeps (Etiope and Klusman, 2002; Etiope, 2004; Kvenvolden and Rogers, 2005).
Postscript: Scientists at the Naval Research Laboratory, analyzing seabed currents and
mud movement after the passage of Hurricane Ivan in 2004, have concluded that the underwater turbulence from hurricanes could be severe enough to cause mudslides and possibly imperil pipelines on the
seafloor in shallow regions of the Gulf of Mexico.