There's no doubt that
the second assessment report made a huge difference in this country in terms of climate science.
As Bernie Lewin reminds us in one chapter of a fascinating new book of essays called Climate Change: The Facts (hereafter The Facts), as late as 1995 when
the second assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) came out with its last - minute additional claim of a «discernible human influence» on climate, Nature magazine warned scientists against overheating the debate.
I have had a chance of observing the production of the SPMs for a number of years, right from
the second assessment report when I was co-chair of working group three, right up to this last assessment report.
In 1996, when the IPCC released
its second assessment report, stating that the human impact on climate was «discernible», a fossil - fuel - industry - funded group called the Global Climate Coalition accused the IPCC author Benjamin Santer of making unauthorised changes to make global warming appear more certain than it was.
The headline reads: IPCC
SECOND ASSESSMENT REPORT — KEY NEW FINDINGS / PREDICTIONS
In the 1995
second assessment report (SAR) the IPCC made the widely quoted statement that «The balance of evidence suggests a discernible human influence on global climate».
Not exact matches
In the
second quarter of fiscal 2017, the company performed an interim impairment
assessment on the intangible assets of the Bolthouse Farms carrot and carrot ingredients
reporting unit and the Garden Fresh Gourmet
reporting unit as operating performance was well below expectations and a new leadership team of the Campbell Fresh division initiated a strategic review which led to a revised outlook for future sales, earnings, and cash flow.
As a result of the testimony given, the
report recommends the state Department of Education immediately address several concerns, such as expediting waivers from the U.S. Department of Education «to relax onerous and rigid testing restrictions placed on certain students,» especially with English as a
Second Language students and students with disabilities; producing all missing or incomplete curriculum modules; aligning
assessments proportionally to curriculum actually implemented; and increasing funding for the professional development of teachers.
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which is meeting in Yokohama, Japan, will release the
second report of its massive
assessment on Sunday, March 30 EDT (March 31 in Japan).
This study — only the
second overall
assessment of diet and food on this disease — provides a very thorough evaluation of current scientific knowledge and makes a point of only
reporting dietary interventions and specific foods that clearly show proven long - term effects.
In a 2004
report, its
second with negative findings, the evaluators said, «There were no statistically significant differences on reading
assessments between students who were exposed to the courseware and comparable students who were not exposed to the courseware.»
Linn (1998) has suggested that policy - makers have placed enormous emphasis on
assessment reform because it is relatively inexpensive and easy to mandate, can be implemented rapidly, and is easily
reported by the press, when compared to the type professional development and restructuring / reculturing of schools required to affect deep,
second - order educational change (Fullan & Miles, 1992).
A long - standing dispute over standardized testing of California's
second graders has simmered back to the surface, as lawmakers consider legislation that would remove the
assessment from the Standardized Testing and
Reporting Program, beginning July 2012.
And so, a major fear with this
second Report (and, in general) is that districts or schools might simply pick one or more actions from its menu of school improvement clusters... without linking them to the results of a systematic and effective needs and root cause
assessment, resource and capacity analysis, and strategic planning process.
A
second irony is that the
assessments on which teachers feel least trained and regard as least useful are used most often for evaluations and public
reports.
Second, even those supporters who are open to external forms of accountability, or at least
reporting outside the boundaries of the classroom or school, often claim that standardized tests, state
assessments, and other external measures of student accomplishment do not provide sensitive indicators of the goals of curricula based upon whole language principles.
The Developmental Editing package also includes a Skype call to discuss your revision strategy, day - to - day email support throughout the revision process, a
second assessment and
report on your revised
second draft, and longer access to weekly email support afterwards.
Following the risk
assessments of paradigmatic infectious diseases implemented by the Expert Advisory Groups (EAGs) during the
second cycle of activities and linking main outcomes of the first cycle - analysis of the current situation as concerns zoonosis transmitted by companion animals - CALLISTO produced a series of recommendations that are fully described in the Third Cycle Strategy
Report.
From a preliminary
assessment of
second national communications, it is clear that further methodological work is necessary in order to ensure that the estimation and
reporting of GHG inventory data for land - use change and forestry are consistent, transparent and comparable.
Despite the utility of the National
Assessment, the Administration, most aggressively from the
second half of 2002 onward, acted to essentially bury the National
Assessment, i.e., by suppressing discussion of it by participating agencies for purposes of research planning by the Climate Change Science Program; suppressing references to it in published program documents including annual program
reports to Congress; withdrawing support from the coordinated process of scientist - stakeholder interaction and
assessment that had been initiated by the first National
Assessment; and making clear that no
second National
Assessment would be undertaken.
Loss of forest, woodland, and savanna increased sharply in Madagascar, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), and Bolivia during the
second quarter of 2013,
reports a new
assessment by...
Smith, who is the convening lead author of the
second working group
report on vulnerability to climate change, says: «The new
assessment has increased our confidence that the effects for climate change are beginning to be seen, in terms of rise in temperature, sea levels and heavy precipitation events».
-LSB-...] Here is Figure 1.4 of the
Second Order Draft, showing post-AR4 observations outside the envelope of projections from the earlier IPCC
assessment reports (see previous discussion here).
(11/04/2009) The EU is the world's
second largest source of carbon dioxide emissions from peatlands drainage, after Indonesia,
reports the first country - by - country
assessment of peat stocks.
An «interim» version of the
second climate
assessment was published by the Bush administration in May of 2008, but only after pressure from a critical Government Accountability Office
report requested by Senators John McCain and John Kerry, and a successful lawsuit filed by environmental groups to force action.
Most readers will know that this was Taseko's
second attempt to secure federal approval for its proposed mine and that the federal review panel that conducted the
second environmental
assessment (EA) concluded that, like the original Prosperity project, it too was likely to result in significant adverse environmental effects (SAEEs)(for more on the panel's
report, see my previous post here)...
Interviewing and sociometric techniques may constitute an important part of an
assessment design but would be considered
second choices, argues the same author, adding that projective - expressive techniques or objective, self -
report instruments may help in further clarification of the results but should only be used in a complimentary manner (Merrell, 2001).
Second, our longitudinal study involved
assessment of parental behavior at just one time point (i.e., parent - child interactions were studied at Time 1 only and parental
reports of the HLE were gathered at Time 2 only) and so cross-lagged analyses to determine the direction of the association between parental behavior, EF and academic outcomes was not possible (Menard, 2002).
The following inclusion criteria was used: (a) a confirmed ASD diagnosis from available clinician
reports or the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (ADOS; Lord et al. 2008), as well as scores above the cut - off on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ; Rutter et al. 2003) or the Social Responsiveness Scale,
Second Edition (SRS - 2; Constantino and Gruber 2012); (b) at least average intellectual functioning (IQ > 79) 1 on the two - subtest scale (FSIQ - 2: vocabulary and matrix reasoning) of the Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence - 2nd Edition (WASI - II; Wechsler 2011); (c) between the ages of 8 and 12 years; and (d) demonstrated willingness to attend research
assessments and 10 weekly therapy sessions.
At the
second assessment, which took place about five months after the study began, both groups of couples again completed questionnaires
reporting on their relationships and their general psychological adjustment.