Sentences with phrase «second by antibodies»
In their latest work, reported online in the Journal of Clinical Investigation, the scientists analyzed blood from such mice and identified two types of autoimmune response directed specifically against the protein, with the first response directed by a specialized kind of immune system cells called T cells and the second by antibodies.
http://www.joslin.org/ Not exact matches
Diamond's lab circumvented this problem by creating female mice that had a key interferon gene knocked out; in a second experiment, they treated pregnant animals with an anti-interferon antibody.
Now, the researchers posit that the immune systems of the second and third generations might be «trained» by a molecule other than maternal antibodies — perhaps a hormone or nutrients that are transmitted from mother to egg.
However, testing did not support this hypothesis: The concentration of antibodies in eggs laid by the second generation was unaffected by whether or not the grandmother pigeon received the real injection or a sham injection.
The hope was that this second injection would boost their immunity by stimulating antibody production.
The going theory for this — that antibodies generated by a first bout with dengue bind to a second strain, which helps it multiply in the immune cells — doesn't account for the internal bleeding and tissue damage, says Juthathip Mongkolsapaya of Mahidol University in Bangkok, Thailand.
In addition to staining the midgut contents with FITC - labeled polyclonal anti-Borrelia species antibody, we washed and re-stained this set and stained the second set of xenodiagnostic tick (XT) samples with an anti-OspA monoclonal antibody (CB10, obtained from J. Benach [41]-RRB-, followed by anti-mouse IgG - Alexa 488 (Molecular Probes).
Using an integrative approach that combined electron microscopy on the Env trimer complex with PGT151 (led by the Ward lab) with the structure of the PGT151 Fab by x-ray crystallography (led by the Wilson lab), the scientists were able to visualize the location of the PGT151 - series binding site on the Env trimer — which includes a spot on one gp41 protein with two associated sugars (glycans), a patch on the gp120 protein and even a piece of the adjacent gp41 within the trimer structure — «a very complex epitope,» said Claudia Blattner, a research associate in the Wilson laboratory at TSRI and member of the IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center who, along with graduate student Jeong Hyun Lee, was a first author of the second paper.
The second type of blood test looks for distemper by mixing florescent antibodies with the blood to see if they attach to distemper virus.
Therefore to answer the second part of this question — which presumably refers to the interferon gamma (IFNγ) gene test offered by AnimalLabs, Croatia, and Genimal Biotechnologies in France — it is my view that it would be much wiser to test cats for FCoV antibodies and (unless antibody negative) do monthly faecal RT - PCR tests in order to eliminate FCoV from breeding cats and so prevent cats from encountering FCoV, rather than waste money on FIP DNA tests which will give you very little practical information.
We have assessed duration of protective immunity primarily by two procedures; the first is held to be the «gold standard and that is to challenge the vaccinated animal with the virulent organism, the second method is to measure antibody and compare the antibody titer to that which is known to prevent infection (e.g. provide sterile immunity).
Second, transfused platelets are likely destroyed more rapidly than the patient's own cells because in addition to being targeted by the anti-platelet antibodies causing the ITP, they are also inherently more antigenic (we do not cross-match for platelet compatibility).