Sentences with phrase «selection as a mechanism»

Objecting on both philosophical and empirical grounds, Fodor and Piattelli - Palmarini reject natural selection as the mechanism of adaptive evolution.

However, only a small proportion has been replicated across studies, and the prevalence of positive selection as a mechanism of adaptive change in humans remains controversial.

Not exact matches

Intelligent design is based on the scientific method3: Intelligent design might base its ideas on observations in the natural world, but it does not test them in the natural world, or attempt to develop mechanisms (such as natural selection) to explain their observations4.

Now, it has become a mechanism for crass eugenics, such as using embryo or egg selection not just for health, but for hair color, intelligence, etc..

As one who has studied genetics and mechanisms of evolution for most of her life» evolution by natural selection being the one with which I am most familiar» I can say with a high degree of confidence that Prof. Carlin has no clear idea of what «Darwinism» means.

For example, in criticising Dawkins, he points out that «If every step in the series [of evolution] occurs by chance... the end can not be ordered», apparently unaware that Dawkins does not view evolution as entirely random, but allows for a certain direction, provided by the mechanism of natural selection (p. 51).

That could be said to dissolve the party as a candidate selection mechanism.

Given that a straight A student will often lose a place every time a student without straight As from a deprived background is offered one, due consideration should be given to the selection mechanism underpinning these choices.

Nowak identifies the third mechanism as «spatial selection» — interaction born of living in proximity.

In a blind fish that dwells in deep, dark Mexican caves, scientists have found evidence for a long - debated mechanism of evolutionary change that is distinct from natural selection of spontaneously arising mutations, as reported this week in the journal Science.

Dr Joyce added «the findings may be used as a basis for the future selection of probiotics or dietary interventions which target this mechanism to regulate weight gain or high cholesterol.

«You can't just walk away,» Moyzis notes, a fact that would have created selection pressure to revise the mechanisms regulating aggression, such as the glutamate pathways involved in arousal.

Darwin further noted that evolution must be gradual, with no major breaks or discontinuities and finally, he reasoned that the mechanism of evolution was natural selection and those four insights serve as the foundation for Darwin's founding of a new branch of the philosophy of science, a philosophy of biology because Darwin introduced history into science.

Using Niko Tinbergen's «four questions» as a guide, we will discuss the evolution of primates and emergence of the social function of the behavior (phylogeny), the development of the behavior during a individual's lifetime (ontogeny), the specific biological and chemical processes and motivations responsible for the behavior (mechanism), and how the behavior increase the fitness of individuals, allowing for its continual selection in primates (adaptive value).

These differences indicate SGBS cells may help to identify mechanisms leading to browning, and inform our understanding for the use of SGBS vis - à - vis primary human subcutaneous adipocytes as a human white adipocyte model, guiding the selection of appropriate cell models in future metabolic research.

Finally, analysis of tumors from clinical trials and cell line models will allow discovery of mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to AR and PI3K inhibitors, as well as biomarkers that can be used in the development of new treatment regimens and selection of patients for future trials.

To understand the selection mechanism behind mutations, network - based studies were used to estimate the importance of a mutated protein compared to non-mutated ones in signalling and protein — protein interaction networks.10, 11,12,13 Proteins mutated in cancer were found having a high number of interacting partners (i.e., a high degree of connectivity), which indicates high local importance.10 Mutated proteins are also often found in the centre of the network, in key global positions, as quantified by the number of shortest paths passing through them if all proteins are connected with each other (i.e., they have high betweenness centrality; hereafter called betweenness).11, 12 Mutated proteins also have high clustering coefficients, which means their neighbours are also neighbours of each other.10, 13 Moreover, neighbourhood analysis of mutated proteins have been previously successfully used to predict novel cancer - related genes.14, 15 However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has concentrated particularly on the topological importance of first neighbours of mutated proteins in cancer, and their usefulness as drug targets themselves.

project were divided into selection and experience mechanisms as the.

Natural selection is the process that Darwin proposed as the mechanism behind evolution.

Whilst I didn't expect a full - blown Mario Party game mode, the barren board selection (one board) gets tiresome just a few matches in, and there's a complete absence of intermission gameplay — there is no mechanism of unpredictability as per the original titles, but rather a stale representation of the originality and magic captured in the mainline games.

because the Dutchman Hugo de Vries published his own version of Darwin's selection mechanism in 1901 - 03 as «The Mutation Theory» in which mutations break the standard pattern of Mendel's Theory since mutations are random changes in contradiction to the hereditary characteristics according to the rules that Mendel discovered.

The Supreme Court's concern was not with the District Court's reliance on inherent authority to apply the discovery sanctions, nor was it with the selection of a fee award as the mechanism of redress.

In addition, as part of the A2J Author ® 2.0 project A2J Guided Interviews ® will be able to be integrated with «live help» vis - à - vis a Live Help selection mechanism which will exist on the National Server.

Research is needed to examine whether lithium treatment exerts its beneficial effects through rebalancing the above motivational processes as they impact upon action selection or through less specific action on emotional regulation mechanisms more generally.

The concept of natural selection has been enormously influential to the study of human behaviour, particularly in evolutionary psychology, which has emphasized that much of human behaviour arises as a by - product of adaptive mechanisms in the mind and brain (Barkow et al. 1992).

ER is seen as fivecognitive mechanisms (situation selection, situation modification, attentional deployment, cognitive change and response modulation) which define the ways to respond particularly to each emotion (Gross & Thompson, 2007).

As previous research has proposed, peer influences diminish when young people grow into adulthood, while selection mechanisms become increasingly important [28 — 30].