In 2016, for example, Kyrgyzstan canceled a
project with
several Russian companies to build five
hydropower plants, citing the Russian entities» inability to secure financing.28 In Tajikistan, the Russian military has periodically been unable to pay its local Tajik staff at its base there, even though the base purportedly serves as a key bulwark in Russia's defense against regional instability.29 That same year, Moscow pledged over $ 1 billion in security assistance to Dushanbe and promised to increase its troop presence in the country by 2,000 soldiers.30 Yet neither appears to have materialized, which raises questions about Russia's true capacity and willingness to respond to a security crisis in the region and to
project influence there.
In Brazil,
several dozen dams are planned along the Amazon, Madeira and Xingu rivers — an area that teems with more than 5,000 species of fish, and where some of the largest
hydropower projects in the world are being built.