Sentences with phrase «several signaling proteins»

«Our work describes the structure and function of an important enzyme called Rumi, which adds a glucose molecule to several signaling proteins to modify their activities,» said the study's lead author, Huilin Li, a biologist at the U.S. Department of Energy's Brookhaven National Laboratory and Stony Brook University.

Not exact matches

β - arrestin, which has several known roles in signaling systems, also links a key receptor to a motor protein so that the receptor can be transported to cilia for sensing environmental cues.

The researchers found that, in response to the maximum tolerated doses of several commonly used chemotherapy drugs, breast cancer - associated fibroblasts secrete large amounts of cell signaling proteins called ELR + chemokines.

Several target molecules have also been identified in intracellular signalling pathways and in cell survival proteins.

The protein Gab2 works like a multi-outlet power strip for proteins in a chain of signals: It can pass on a signal it receives to several enzymes at once and can also amplify the signal.

And, longer - term, misdiagnosing Zika as dengue has another complication: Patients may not be on the lookout for the weakness that could signal the early onset of the associated autoimmune disorder; Guillain — Barré has no cure but there are several therapies they could tap that are known to help speed recovery — involving blood removal or injections of donor proteins.

Several years ago, researchers found that 80 percent of patients with uveal melanoma had mutations to GNAQ or GNA11, genes that activate signals in the mitogen - activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway.

They then conducted biochemical analyses to identify neuroligin - 3, confirm that the protein could stimulate tumor growth in cultured samples of several kinds of human high - grade gliomas and study which signals the protein uses within glioma cells to promote their growth.

Once inside, the virus's DNA acts as a danger signal that activates a protein called caspase 1, which can initiate cell death in several ways, including opening pores that disturb the cell's ion balance and releasing inflammatory signals that recruit other immune cells.

Activated ERK1 / 2 modulates the functions of several transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, cytoskeletal proteins, signaling molecules, apoptosis - related proteins, as well as other types of proteins [32], while activated AKT modulates the function of numerous substrates involved in the regulation of cell survival, cell cycle progression and cellular growth [33, 34], whereas JNK acts as pro-apoptotic as well as anti-apoptotic depending on the conditions [35].

Studies are being carried out to determine the functional effects that occur when these receptor - ligands interact; to determine how these proteins induce their activities at the molecular level and transmit signals to T cells; and to determine the significance of these proteins in several disease scenarios such as asthma, scleroderma, and atopic dermatitis.

Several types of chemical modifications of the five major histone protein families give rise to a complex «histone code» that signals the transcriptional machinery to turn genes on or off.

J147 treatment of aged huAPP / PS1 mice increases the expression levels of several proteins involved in neurotrophin signaling.

The overall score encompass several factors: reproducibility of the antibody staining in different cell lines (and if signal strength correlates with RNA expression levels); assays for enhanced antibody validation by using antibodies binding to different epitopes on the same target protein (independent antibodies), by knockdown / knockout of the target protein (genetic methods) and by matching of the signal with a GFP - tagged protein (recombinant expression); experimental evidence for location described in literature.

Western blot analysis showed that phosphoinositide - dependent protein kinase 1, the upstream kinase that phosphorylates Akt, and several phosphatases (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10, protein phosphatase 1, and protein phosphatase 2A), known as negative regulators of the PI3K / Akt signaling pathway, were unchanged upon VPA treatment (Supplemental Fig. 4E), indicating that VPA might act on Akt directly.

In 2005, the identification of an activating mutation in JAK2 (the V617F mutation) as a STAT5 - activating and disease - causing genetic alteration in a significant proportion of patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) has emphasized the oncogenic role of the JAK tyrosine kinases in hematologic malignancies.2 — 5 JAK2 is a member of the Janus tyrosine kinase family comprising three other mammalian non-receptor tyrosine kinases (JAK1, JAK3 and TYK2) that associate with cytokine receptors lacking intrinsic kinase activity to mediate cytokine - induced signal transduction and activation of STAT transcription factors.6 All JAKs share a similar protein structure and contain a tyrosine kinase domain at the C - terminus flanked by a catalytically inactive pseudokinase domain with kinase - regulatory activity, by an atypical SH2 domain and by a FERM domain that mediates association to the membrane - proximal region of the cytokine receptors.7, 8 Soon after the discovery of JAK2 V617F, we and others described that activating JAK1 mutations are relatively common in adult patients with T - cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and participate in ALL development allowing for constitutive activation of STAT5.9 — 11 Several STAT5 - activating JAK1 mutations were also reported in AML and breast cancer patients.10

In addition, caffeine may increase the activity of several signaling enzymes, including the calcium - dependent protein kinase and protein kinase B (also called Akt), which have roles in muscle glucose uptake during and after exercise.

Although the reasons why Plasmodium proteins are difficult to express in heterologous expression systems are not clear, several protein characteristics, such as high molecular mass (> 60 kDa), presence of export motifs, and atypical signal peptide sequences negatively impact recombinant expression [12].

Finally, we identified several signaling pathways which may mediate this phosphorylation and act in combination to regulate Oct4 transcriptional activity and protein stability.

Several different plasmids encoding a fluorescent protein fused to an unkown organelle targeting signal are isolated and purified.

Several projects in the area of signal transduction, fluorescent proteins engineering, optogenetics and advanced microscopy are available.

Activation of the insulin receptor involves its autophosphorylation, which is followed by phosphorylation of several target proteins in the signaling cascade.

The insulin receptor signaling cascade is inhibited by several phosphatases, including protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTB 1B), phosphatase and tensin homolog on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and SH2 - domain - containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP2), all of which are inactivated by ROS.

Magnesium is an important mineral involved in several hundred enzymatic reactions in the body, many of which contribute to energy production and cardiovascular function, protein synthesis, transmitting nerve signals, and helping to relax muscles (this is where the pooping comes into play).

Lung morphogenesis is a well orchestrated, tightly regulated process through several molecular pathways, including TGF - β / bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling.

``... several animal studies indicate serious health risks associated with GM food consumption including infertility, immune dysregulation, accelerated aging, dysregulation of genes associated with cholesterol synthesis, insulin regulation, cell signaling, and protein formation, and changes in the liver, kidney, spleen and gastrointestinal system.»