Since that time she has had major knee surgeries (TPLO) on both knees for a torn cranial cruciate ligament (ACL), 2 other surgeries to remove cysts,
several visits to the emergency room and most recently to an ophthalmologist to remove a small growth in her eye.
Though the health - related effects of air pollution disproportionately figured into the economic losses, Hall and Brajer also found that
emergency room visits, work and school absences and
several additional factors contributed
to the high costs.