If the damage is
severe, a brain injury can also cause physical
problems, such as the inability to control regular bodily functions, requiring nursing care or
mobility aids.
Intellectual disability (ID) affects 143/10 000 children1 and is associated with a range of comorbid health conditions.2 — 4 It is heterogeneous, 5 and clustering of some medical conditions may be associated with particular disorders such as Down syndrome6 or Prader - Willi syndrome.7 While epilepsy and sensory impairments often occur in association with specific syndromes or more
severe cognitive impairment, conditions such as fractures or obesity may develop as secondary to medication use, nutritional deficiency or lack of
mobility.2 Consequently, children with ID may face greater health challenges than typically developing children and use healthcare systems more frequently.8, 9 Mental health
problems are also common in people with ID.10 For instance, in a Canadian adolescent and adult population with ID, a high proportion of hospitalisations was attributed to the presence of psychiatric conditions.11
Students with
severe to profound general learning disabilities exhibit a wide and diverse range of characteristics, including a dependence on others to satisfy basic needs such as feeding and toileting, difficulties in
mobility,
problems with generalising skills from one situation to another, significant delays in reaching developmental milestones and significant speech and / or communication difficulties.