Sentences with phrase «shallow surface ocean»

Not exact matches

Shallow coral reefs from the water's surface to 30 - 40 metres depth are the tip of the iceberg that comprises the ocean's extensive coral ecosystem.

This interaction may occur anywhere in the ocean, in particular in regions where surface - gravity waves interact as they reflect from continental shelf breaks, where the deep - sea suddenly faces a much shallower shoreline.

Whereas the nodules are scattered across the deep abyssal plains of the oceans, hundreds of miles from shore and typically three miles or more below the surface, many of the sulfide deposits are close to a coastline; also, they are always on undersea mountains and therefore located in much shallower water.

Whipped up by surface winds and girded by the Coriolis effect (produced by Earth's rotation), eddies may grow to several hundred kilometers in diameter and are known to transport heat, chemicals and biology throughout the oceans» shallower depths.

A report about U.S. oil and gas exploration in the Arctic published last month by the National Petroleum Council found most drilling opportunities under America's jurisdiction are less than 100 meters below the ocean's surface, more shallow - than - standard depths in other drill regions, like the Gulf of Mexico.

The increased wave action reaches down and stirs up sediments on shallow continental shelves, releasing radium and other chemicals that are carried up to the surface and swept away into the open ocean by currents such as the Transpolar Drift.

The entire ocean — from the depths to the shallows — gets its oxygen supply from the surface, either directly from the atmosphere or from phytoplankton, which release oxygen into the water through photosynthesis.

Venus may have had a shallow liquid - water ocean and habitable surface temperatures for up to 2 billion years of its early history, according to computer modeling of the planet's ancient climate by scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York.

The carbon in the atmosphere, ocean, on the surface, life, and other shallow, near surface reservoirs accounts for only about 10 % of Earth's carbon.

According to computer modelling, the planet Venus could have once been habitable, hosting a shallow - water ocean, and surface temperatures hospitable to life.

The shallow depth, by the way, would be ideal for Kamino - style ocean platforms, allowing construction of covered cities at the ocean surface, where armies of clones could march and drill in peace.

Vivid soft corals and gorgonian fans are a highlight here combined with colorful shallow coral gardens to explore during your safety stop Koh Phi Phi is as fabulous below the ocean's surface as it is above it.

Close to shore, every island is surrounded by shallow coral reefs that are just a few feet below the ocean's surface.

I would claim that the surface temperature — which is a comparatively easy thing to measure — is a relevant test of climate physics because a lot of the ocean response is indeed determined by the relatively shallow mixed layer.

A given chunk of water moves because of the net forces on it, and so a net northward transfer of water not driven by friction must require that the average isobar surfaces slope downwards in the shallow ocean as you go north.

The concern, as I understand it, is that pathways in the latter areas can bring undissolved methane up to the seabed surface, and from there it can make it way through the shallow water column into the ocean surface.

And that's part of the reason oil companies are drilling a mile beneath the surface of the ocean — because we're running out of places to drill on land and in shallow water.

Due to the Antarctic Refrigerator Effect, the deep oceans continued to cool, and the thermocline that separates warm surface water from cooler deep waters became increasingly more shallow.

Venus may have had a shallow liquid - water ocean and habitable surface temperatures for up to 2 billion years of its early history.

I suspect that larger tidal currents over shallow water mix ocean heat up to the surface to keep these waters covered by water or dangerously thin ice.

«Previous observations have pointed to large methane plumes being released from the seabed in the relatively shallow sea off the northern coast of Siberia, but the latest findings were made far away from land in the deep, open ocean where the surface is usually capped by ice.»

When many modern families of animals developed in a hot greenhouse world in which a warm ocean and land filled most of earths surface with fertile shallow seas and vast tropical jungles.

An enhanced AMOC leads to a stronger cyclonic circulation north of the Gulf Stream and a southward shift of the Gulf Stream path, which results in shallower isopycnals (surfaces of constant density in ocean) in the Gulf Stream front.

The dissipative friction force is a viscous friction between the surface mixed layer and the deeper ocean layers or the shallow continental shelf.

Presumably, the theorized massive movement of heat from shallow surface waters to deep regions of the Atlantic and Southern Oceans remains an active process.

That the slowdown in surface warming has been concentrated in the ocean - surface (and shallow - ocean) temperatures has led a number of scientists (including the Met Office) to posit that the pause in ocean surface warming may be driven in part by increased heat uptake in the deep ocean.

Increased carbon dioxide has already lowered the pH of the surface ocean; this is expected to have a negative effect on survival of plankton, the base of the marine food chain, and the growth and health of corals, which form biodiverse reefs in shallow waters of the Hawaiian Islands and Florida, and deep reefs in Alaska and the Southeast U.S. Invasive species are increasingly being recognized.

It looks like the sub-sea permafrost is failing due to warmer ocean temperatures and allowing methane to escape; because the Siberian Sea is very shallow the methane isn't oxidized as it travels to the surface.

It doesn't even appear to be enough to raise the temperature of the shallow surface layer by more than a fraction of a degree to say nothing of imparting any significant warmth to the other 90 % of the volume of the global ocean below the thermocline (400 + meters deep).

If I remember my ocean circulation correctly, the exchange between the deep ocean and the surface / shallow ocean takes place at only a few regions.