Sandia's dark - horse entry in the
fusion race still consumes far more energy than it releases, but that is also true of the more conventional — and more expensive — approaches to
fusion, such as bombarding encapsulated fuel with laser light from every direction (as the National Ignition
Facility in Livermore, Calif., does) or using giant superconducting magnets to heat levitating plasma for minutes at a time inside a doughnut -
shaped chamber (as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor in France may do when it's completed around 2027).
Spherical tokamaks are compact
fusion facilities shaped like cored apples, compared with the doughnut - like
shape of conventional tokamaks that are in wider use.