Through a combination of increasing dividends and aggressive share repurchases, Chubb's high
shareholder yield allows it to give investors good returns even without core growth, and in this case, the company would have roughly doubled your money if you had invested seven years ago and reinvested all dividends.
When DCFA is understood, then there are shortcuts that
allow for reasonable valuation such as basing estimates on P / E, the PEG ratio, or
shareholder yield, etc..