Sentences with phrase «sheet increases albedo»
For example, the initial development of a continental ice sheet increases albedo over a portion of Earth, reducing surface absorption of sunlight and leading to further cooling.
https://www.britannica.com/ Not exact matches
On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.
26 Paul W asked, «On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.
Ice sheet albedo forcing is estimated to have caused a global mean forcing of about — 3.2 W m — 2 (based on a range of several LGM simulations) and radiative forcing from increased atmospheric aerosols (primarily dust and vegetation) is estimated to have been about — 1 W m — 2 each.
Other factors would include: — albedo shifts (both from ice > water, and from increased biological activity, and from edge melt revealing more land, and from more old dust coming to the surface...); — direct effect of CO2 on ice (the former weakens the latter); — increasing, and increasingly warm, rain fall on ice; — «stuck» weather systems bringing more and more warm tropical air ever further toward the poles; — melting of sea ice shelf increasing mobility of glaciers; — sea water getting under parts of the ice sheets where the base is below sea level; — melt water lubricating the ice sheet base; — changes in ocean currents -LRB-?)
Hence when the Mak cycle leads to reduce energy in the North ice sheets form, this increases albedo which reduces overall energy being absorbed by the plant and we have an ices.
This was a relatively stable climate (for several thousand years, 20,000 years ago), and a period where we have reasonable estimates of the radiative forcing (albedo changes from ice sheets and vegetation changes, greenhouse gas concentrations (derived from ice cores) and an increase in the atmospheric dust load) and temperature changes.
On the studies of sensitivity based on the last glacial maximum, what reduction in solar forcing is used based on the increased Albedo of the ice - sheets, snow and desert.
(Orbital forcing doesn't have much of a global annual average forcing, and it's even concievable that the sensitivity to orbital forcing as measured in terms of global averages and the long - term response (temporal scale of ice sheet response) might be approaching infinity or even be negative (if more sunlight is directed onto an ice sheet, the global average albedo might increase, but the ice sheet would be more likely to decay, with a global average albedo feedback that causes warming).
From the last glacial max — CO2 forcing had about a 2W / m2 increase and ice sheet albedo change amounted to some 25W / m2 less reflected SW..
Simulating the variation of the ice sheet's albedo using a regional climate model — Modèle Atmosphérique Régionale (MAR), which some members of the team helped develop — indicated that increasing temperatures and melting accompanied by snow grain growth and greater bare ice exposure account for about half the decline, the scientists report.
The remaining slow drift to lower GMT and pCO2 over glacial time, punctuated by higher - frequency variability and the dust − climate feedbacks, may reflect the consequences of the growth of continental ice sheets via albedo increases (also from vegetation changes) and increased CO2 dissolution in the ocean from cooling.
A fall of just a couple of degrees and you have increasing Ice sheets, Increasing Albedo, growing Glaciers, increasing Ice sheets, Increasing Albedo, growing Glaciers, Increasing Albedo, growing Glaciers, in short..