Researchers have identified eight, massive
sheets of ice just below the Martian surface, and they appear to be relatively young deposits.
Erosion carved these icy blue cliffs from
sheets of ice just below Mars's layer of dust (Science, DOI: 10.1126 / science / aao1619).
I can send more pics via text after
the sheet of ice we just received is gone!
Not exact matches
Rolling the dough between
sheets of parchment and stamping out rounds after baking results in perfectly round cookies,
just right for making beautiful
ice cream sandwiches.
-- On a lower speed, add eggs one at a time and vanilla until well incorporated — Increase mixing speed to high and let it go for 10 minutes — the mixture will become really pale and will almost double in size — In a medium sized bowl, whisk together flour, baking powder, baking soda, and salt — When 10 minutes are up, add flour mixture slowly until
just combined, about 45 - 60 seconds — Chop up and mix together all
of your baking and snack ingredients in a small bowl, and fold into batter with a spatula until
just incorporated — Using a medium - sized
ice cream scoop, portion cookie dough on parchment paper - lined cookie
sheet and wrap the entire thing tightly with plastic wrap — Refrigerate for a minimum
of 1 hour and up to 1 week — Heat oven to 400F and arrange cookies on cookie
sheets at least 4 ″ apart — Bake 9 - 11 minutes, until they are golden in color and slightly brown along the edges — Cool the cookies completely on the
sheet pan (or
just eat them immediately...)
Take a new
sheet of baking paper
just a little bigger than your sponge and dust it with either
icing sugar or caster (super fine) sugar, this is what I used to give it the sparkling outside.
Things I changed: - cut the sugar by about half, using mostly dark brown sugar for the molasses kick - scratched the nutmeg and allspice but added about 1/3 extra
of all
of the other spices and also added nearly a tsp
of ground cardamon - replaced the veggie oil with melted leaf lard - scratched the raisins - baked it on a deep
sheet for only ~ 20 minutes -
just barely until firm to the touch - then cut that
sheet into three layers - replaced the
icing with my own 16 ounce cream cheese, 8 ounce butter, ~ 6 ounce heavy cream, ~ 5 ounce honey, 1 tsp vanilla combo - toasted the coconut before dressing the cake.
Of all the cakes that Tastykake makes, Butterscotch Krimpets — sponge - y cakes with a thin sheet of just enough butterscotch icing — are the clear winner
Of all the cakes that Tastykake makes, Butterscotch Krimpets — sponge - y cakes with a thin
sheet of just enough butterscotch icing — are the clear winner
of just enough butterscotch
icing — are the clear winners.
Becoming emotionally invested in a sports team is an inherently irrational activity, so pulling out the «It's a bunch
of people who don't call Pennsylvania home getting paid ridiculous amounts
of money to chase a piece
of rubber up and down a
sheet of ice» on a sports fan blog is
just as silly as deciding everyone who chooses to support a team from Western Pennsylvania is stupid.
Or
just put salt on one side
of the
sheet of ice to see if it melts faster.
Rest a balloon or beach ball on top
of a cone (use a small toy traffic cone, a large funnel, or even
just a
sheet of heavy paper rolled up) and have kids walk or run while keeping their
ice cream cone intact.
While the rink is a simple wintertime joy for young children, teens on a first date and state workers looking for a mid-day getaway, maintaining the 123 - foot - by -112-foot
sheet of ice requires a lot more science — and thermodynamics is
just one necessary subsection — than
just figuring out where to aim a garden hose to build the
ice back up.
The newly discovered exposure
of ice on steep banks suggests that the Red Planet's
ice sheets are buried by
just a meter or two
of soil, researchers report in Science January 12.
The properties
of the climate system include not
just familiar concepts
of averages
of temperature, precipitation, and so on but also the state
of the ocean and the cryosphere (sea
ice, the great
ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, glaciers, snow, frozen ground, and
ice on lakes and rivers).
The days were becoming rapidly shorter as winter approached, and I sat back and imagined the Arctic Ocean,
just outside the clinic windows, under a
sheet of ice in
just a few months.
In effect, this UAV survey across the ablation zone
of the
ice sheet perfectly bridges the gap between people on the ground studying what's under their feet in
just one part
of the
ice sheet, and the satellite data that shows what's going on across the entire
ice sheet.
While some may see evidence
of rapid glacier thinning in the past and again today as evidence that the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet is nearing a collapse driven by human - caused climate change, Steig said at this point, scientists
just don't know whether that is the case.
It is the only marine
ice sheet to have survived beyond the last
ice age, and
just as scientists predicted 30 years ago, the parts
of it that are shrinking are those that are raked by sea currents.
In other words, the losses
of mass
of the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet will intensify —
just like the models predict.»
A new model, investigating the retreat
of this
ice sheet and its many impacts has
just been published in Quaternary Science Reviews.
If everything goes according to plan, the radar will be turned on and will start to collect data on the thickness
of glaciers and
ice sheets just three days post-launch.
It was bad enough to learn last year that the
ice sheets of West Antarctica were headed toward inevitable collapse in
just a few centuries and that the world would have to contend with the more than 3 meters
of water they hold.
From an altitude
of just over 700 km, CryoSat will precisely monitor changes in the thickness
of sea
ice and variations in the thickness
of the
ice sheets on land.
Ocean levels rose 50 percent faster in 2014 than in 1993, with meltwater from the Greenland
ice sheet now supplying 25 percent
of total sea level increase compared with
just five percent 20 years earlier, researchers reported...
If their conclusions are right, then the greatest
ice sheets of the past were remarkably vulnerable, melting away when there was
just a glimmer
of extra sunlight.
Instead, its bottommost layer,
just above Lake Vostok, is lake water frozen onto the underside
of the
ice sheet.
Greenland's
ice sheet melted nearly 19 billion tons more than the previous high mark, and the volume
of Arctic sea
ice at summer's end was half what it was
just four years ago, according to new NASA satellite data obtained by the Associated Press (AP).
Many scientists concede that without drastic emissions reductions by 2020, we are on the path toward a 4C rise as early as mid-century, with catastrophic consequences, including the loss
of the world's coral reefs; the disappearance
of major mountain glaciers; the total loss
of the Arctic summer sea -
ice, most
of the Greenland
ice -
sheet and the break - up
of West Antarctica; acidification and overheating
of the oceans; the collapse
of the Amazon rainforest; and the loss
of Arctic permafrost; to name
just a few.
It is important to regard the LGM studies as
just one set
of points in the cloud yielded by other climate sensitivity estimates, but the LGM has been a frequent target because it was a period for which there is a lot
of data from varied sources, climate was significantly different from today, and we have considerable information about the important drivers — like CO2, CH4,
ice sheet extent, vegetation changes etc..
Given that the West Antarctic
Ice Sheet has a total sea level equivalent of 3.3 m1, with 1.5 m from Pine Island Glacier alone4, marine ice sheet collapse could be a significant challenge for future generations, with major changes in rates of sea level rise being possible within just the next couple of hundred yea
Ice Sheet has a total sea level equivalent of 3.3 m1, with 1.5 m from Pine Island Glacier alone4, marine ice sheet collapse could be a significant challenge for future generations, with major changes in rates of sea level rise being possible within just the next couple of hundred y
Sheet has a total sea level equivalent
of 3.3 m1, with 1.5 m from Pine Island Glacier alone4, marine
ice sheet collapse could be a significant challenge for future generations, with major changes in rates of sea level rise being possible within just the next couple of hundred yea
ice sheet collapse could be a significant challenge for future generations, with major changes in rates of sea level rise being possible within just the next couple of hundred y
sheet collapse could be a significant challenge for future generations, with major changes in rates
of sea level rise being possible within
just the next couple
of hundred years.
That included a moment in July
of that year when in
just a few days, the vast majority
of the
ice sheet's surface became awash in at least some surface water, captured in this now iconic image from NASA:
And not the kind
of ice filling a Collins glass but a wet, slippery
sheet that might
just hang around all summer, if it likes the weather.
This could mean you shoveled
just enough snow off your walk to expose the underlying
sheet of ice, and knowingly didn't take any action to remove the
ice, resulting in a hazardous condition that you had a duty to mitigate or to prevent.
If one could go back to the site
of Chicago, Illinois, 18,000 years ago, you would be standing on an
ice sheet over two miles thick, and you would be in a climate
just like the Arctic is today.
Just recently it's been proved that the Greenland ice sheet is melting from above, from within, and from below, and they are just now trying to understand the meaning and processess of t
Just recently it's been proved that the Greenland
ice sheet is melting from above, from within, and from below, and they are
just now trying to understand the meaning and processess of t
just now trying to understand the meaning and processess
of this.
I haven't had time to read all
of the Postings regarding this entry — let alone the Research piece that you mentioned Jim Hansen having submitted (though I did
just download it, and will do so — as I like to be a thoroughly up - to - date «Lay - Scientist»); but I didn't seem to notice anyone having made mention
of the possibility that — due to the influx
of heavier Fresh Water from the melting Greenland
Ice Sheets sinking right down to the Abysal Plain — the «Atlantic Conveyor» could be shut down.
Are you really, really serious about allowing the build - up
of CO2 to a level not seen since Antarctica first acquired its
ice sheet,
just on your belief, or suspicion, or hunch, contrary to what those that have actually studied these things think they know, that this «control knob» might not be doing much;
just because scientists have not managed to prove, to your satisfaction, that consequences like the above are certain, rather than
just very well possible?
The «details» are important and interesting, and may in fact be
of key importance to society (rather than
just of academic interest... for example the stability
of the Greenland
ice sheet), but they are called details for a reason.
In
just a few days, the melting had dramatically accelerated and an estimated 97 percent
of the
ice sheet surface had thawed by July 12.
2:10 p.m. Updated Lora Koenig
of NASA
just sent this note providing the reference underlying her comment about past summer melting episodes at the summit (the spot on the giant
ice sheet least vulnerable to melting):
By coincidence, Behar's death came
just three days before publication
of the latest study on which he is a co-author — a detailed analysis
of the melt - water rivers and moulin drains across a 2,000 - square - mile portion
of the vast Greenland
ice sheet.
That doesn't mean that the IPCC thinks the possibility
of ice sheet melt is small,
just that there is a large uncertainty in how likely it is.
It was said above that the ocean is warming
just like the land (& air and
ice sheets / glaciers), that the heat in the ocean dwarfs that in the land and air, that the warming is due to the net solar imbalance (solar in, less LW out - no mention
of CO2.)
Howat says that all
of the glaciers are changing within
just a few years and that the accelerated loss
just spreads up deeper into the
ice sheet.
I haven't had time to read all
of these postings — let alone Jim Hansens DIRE piece (though I DID
just download it and I will do so; and Thank You, by the way, for telling the WHOLE SCARY Truth Dr. Hansen); but, out
of what I did scan, I didn't seem to notice any references having been made in regards to the possibility that the Fresh Meltwater comming off
of the Greenland
Ice Sheets — and them plunging striaght to the bottom
of the North Atlantic Ocean — could shut down the so - called «Atlantic Conveyor».
We have fairly high confidence that we observe the history
of Heinrich events (huge discharges
of ice - rafted debris from the Laurentide
ice sheet through Hudson Bay that are roughly coincident with large southern warming, southward shift
of the intertropical convergence zone, extensive sea
ice in the north Atlantic, reduced monsoonal rainfall in at least some parts
of Asia, and other changes), and also cold phases
of the Dansgaard / Oeschger oscillations that lack Heinrich layers and are characterized by muted versions
of the other climate anomalies I
just mentioned.
The earth has had significant Global Warming for some 20,000 years now... The only real argument is to the degree that mans activity has augmented that... We
just came out
of one - point - five - million years
of continuous glaciation with
sheets of two mile thick
ice down past the 44th parallel... I will cheerfully deal with warming issues over that, any day...
Similar effects are certain to occur with Antarctic sea
ice as well — it's
just a question
of the heat content
of the Southern Ocean and the buffering ability
of the Antarctic
ice sheet.
Jonathan Bamber
of the Bristol Glaciology Center in England has led a new analysis
of just how much the loss
of West Antarctica's
ice could raise sea levels if the
ice sheet fully disintegrated.
Until we have a very good grip on the behavior
of ice sheets as their interior approaches 273K, and we understand
just how heat is advected into
ice sheets, we should not be making long - term plans for our cities.