"Shell dissolution" refers to the process of a protective outer layer, like a shell or coating, gradually breaking down or dissolving.
Full definition
Nina Bednarsek followed with a 2012 paper in which she too attributed
shell dissolution of a sea butterfly (Limacina helicina) to increasing anthropogenic CO2.
As will be shown, the depiction would be far more accurate if it was turned upside down, so that the downward arrows point upwards to illustrate
shell dissolution happens when old carbon stored at depth is upwelled to the surface.
Limacina
helicina shell dissolution as an indicator of declining habitat suitability owing to ocean acidification in the California Current Ecosystem.
Bednarsek argues the sea butterfly's thin periostracum, especially in juveniles, offers very little to no protection from low pH water suggesting they are very susceptible to life
threatening shell dissolution.
And although tropical waters are the most supersaturated and the most unlikely to
promote shell dissolution, pteropods are least abundant in those tropical waters.
Furthermore to
counteract shell dissolution in damaged areas, sea butterflies rapidly repair their shells by adding more calcium carbonate to the inside of the shell.
Based on observations, they concluded sea butterflies «are perhaps not as vulnerable to ocean acidification as previously claimed, at least not from
direct shell dissolution.»
Snails at five stations showed no evidence of
shell dissolution.
Her shell dissolution was limited to just one station.