Sentences with phrase «short observational time»

This is precisely the problem with comparing short observational time series and model projections that was exemplified in the January 10 blog post («A Spot Check on Global Warming») by your colleague John Tierney.

Not exact matches

Although not directly comparable, our findings are in broad agreement with those from routine data in Scotland that have indicated a positive association between Baby Friendly accreditation, but not certification, and breastfeeding at 1 week of age.17 Our findings reinforce those of Coutinho and colleagues who reported that high exclusive breastfeeding rates achieved in Brazilian hospitals implementing staff training with the course content of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative were short - lived and not sustained at home unless implemented in combination with post-natal home visits.35 Similarly in Italy, training of staff with an adapted version of the Baby Friendly course content resulted in high breastfeeding rates at discharge, with a rapid decrease in the days after leaving hospital.36 In contrast, a cluster randomized trial in Belarus (PROBIT) found an association between an intervention modelled on the Baby Friendly Initiative with an increased duration of breastfeeding37 an association also reported from an observational study in Germany.38 Mothers in Belarus stay in hospital post-partum for 6 — 7 days, and in Germany for 5 days, with post-natal support likely to be particularly important in countries where mothers stay in the hospital for a shorter time, with early discharge likely to limit the influence of a hospital - based intervention.

Observational data suggest that fathers are important in the maternal decision on how to feed the infant and that mothers choose to bottle feed or breastfeed for a shorter time when the father is not supporting breastfeeding.16 — 19 Moreover, supporting the father during breastfeeding may help to improve the mother's satisfaction with breastfeeding, duration of breastfeeding, and adaptation of both parents to parenting.10, 20 — 23 Despite these data, the fathers are poorly informed about the advantages of breastfeeding24, 25 and may have many concerns that are poorly addressed and that can negatively influence initiation and duration rates of breastfeeding.

Breakthrough Listen allotted tens of hours of observational time on the Green Bank Telescope to recording radio emissions from FRB 121102, and last August 26 detected 15 bursts over a relatively short period of five hours.

and suffer from a huge lack of observational ocean data, especially subsurface data, as well as from short time periods.

«Warming of the oceans... affecting... large - scale climate patterns... however, due to the long time scales of ocean dynamics... and the relatively short length of observational data... the effects of those changes on catastrophic risk... unclear.»

While the statistics of 30 - year (or longer) NAO trends and associated surface climate impacts can not be reliably determined from the short observational record, we have made use of a simple relationship between the statistics of trends of any length and the statistics of the interannual variability, provided the time series is Gaussian (Thompson et al. 2015).

While its not entirely fair to remove a modeled event from the record, it's also not at all fair to compare skill over such a short time frame, when volcanic and other effectively random events can skew either path (observational or modeled) so greatly.

Contemporary principles of measure development for the assessment of parenting [36, 37] guided the construction of the intrusiveness measure, including aggregating multiple measures of the same parenting behavior from different informants into a single composite measure; focusing on specific behaviors (e.g., «mom gave me help in putting on or taking off clothes») rather than vague concepts (e.g., «mom invades my privacy»); focusing on a short, specific time - frame; using items that are relevant to the age - group being studied; and including observational methods.