After having skeptics bang on for weeks that observations
show climate sensitivity is less than thought!
Pages 4 — 14 contain peer reviewed papers, many of which
show climate sensitivity to CO2 to be 0.5 — 1.0.
I find it disturbing how many climate skeptics are promoting the Otto et al narrative («
it shows climate sensitivity is less than the IPCC said!»)
Not exact matches
The focus of the training, delivered via professional - development workshops and phone - coaching sessions, was the personal interactions in the classroom between teachers and students; the coaches gave teachers strategies designed to help them build a «positive emotional
climate» and
show «
sensitivity to student needs for autonomy.»
«The research
shows that
climate sensitivity was higher during the past global, warm
climate than in the current
climate.
Will Howard of the Antarctic
Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre in Hobart has
shown that some species of coral have a similar
sensitivity to acidification as foraminifera in parts of the Southern Ocean, which are struggling to build their shells.
Research published last year by Professors Cox and Friedlingstein
showed that these variations in atmospheric carbon dioxide can reveal the
sensitivity of tropical ecosystems to future
climate change.
A 2000 - year transient
climate simulation with the Community Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer inso
climate simulation with the Community
Climate System Model shows the same temperature sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer inso
Climate System Model
shows the same temperature
sensitivity to changes in insolation as does our proxy reconstruction, supporting the inference that this long - term trend was caused by the steady orbitally driven reduction in summer insolation.
Published in Science Advances, this research
shows variation among species is attributed to differing
sensitivity to
climate change, and also because species vary in how much the
climate has changed for them (their «exposure»).
Based on past observations, Held, who was not involved with the study, said the
climate sensitivity of 5 °C or more
shown by the new research may be implausible.
«To my knowledge, this is the first record that so clearly
shows sensitivity to one set of major abrupt
climate change events and not another,» said Cobb.
«I definitely think that we are seeing heightened
sensitivity to the economy side of the economy - environment tradeoff,» said Scott Keeter, director of survey research at the Pew Research Center, adding that a number of other polls have
shown a slight downward movement in numbers of people who list
climate or the environment as a top priority.
The findings, which have been published in Nature, also
show how
climate sensitivity can vary over the long term.
«Broadleaf trees
show reduced
sensitivity to global warming: The response of leaf unfolding phenology to
climate warming has significantly reduced.»
«Based on the satellite data gathered, we can identify areas that, over the past 14 years, have
shown high
sensitivity to
climate variability,» says researcher Alistair Seddon at the Department of Biology at the University of Bergen (UiB).
Here we
show how a factor of three uncertainty in
climate sensitivity introduces even greater uncertainty in allowable increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration and allowable CO2 emissions.
We
show how the maintained consensus about the quantitative estimate of a central scientific concept in the anthropogenic
climate - change field — namely,
climate sensitivity — operates as an «anchoring device» in «science for policy».
Therefore studies based on observed warming have underestimated
climate sensitivity as they did not account for the greater response to aerosol forcing, and multiple lines of evidence are now consistent in
showing that
climate sensitivity is in fact very unlikely to be at the low end of the range in recent estimates.
We
show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient
climate simulations with a model having equilibrium
sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.
On the other hand, they do claim the greater changes were perhaps due to forcings & factors (solar radiation & volcanos), so would this then
show greater
climate sensitivity both to nature & us?
Second, one would have to
show that those non-GHG forcing mechanisms are operating today in such a way as to allow the recent warming to be matched despite a reduction in
climate sensitivity to GHG changes.
For example, a look at table 8.2
shows that equilbrium
climate sensitivity 2xCO2 is 2,1 °C for PCM or INM - CM 3.0 and 4,4 °C for IPSL - CM4 or UKMO - HadGEM1.
Beyond equilibrium
climate sensitivity -LSB-...] Newer metrics relating global warming directly to the total emitted CO2
show that in order to keep warming to within 2 °C, future CO2 emissions have to remain strongly limited, irrespective of
climate sensitivity being at the high or low end.»
«the long fat tail that is characteristic of all recent estimates of
climate sensitivity simply disappears, with an upper 95 % probability limit... easily
shown to lie close to 4 °C, and certainly well below 6 °C.»
Rather, their analysis
shows that if you compare the LGM land cooling with the model land cooling, then the model that fits the land best has much higher GLOBAL
climate sensitivity than you get for best fit if you use ocean data.
Plotting GHG forcing (7) from ice core data (27) against temperature
shows that global
climate sensitivity including the slow surface albedo feedback is 1.5 °C per W / m2 or 6 °C for doubled CO2 (Fig. 2), twice as large as the Charney fast - feedback
sensitivity.»
Well I find it sort of amusing (and a little tragic) that
climate scientists (at least the blogger ones) are patting themselves on the back over their high standards of a press release that will just focus on the mundane «we also
show a 3K
sensitivity as most likely.»
We
show how the maintained consensus about the quantitative estimate of a central scientific concept in the anthropogenic
climate - change field — namely,
climate sensitivity — operates as an «anchoring device» in «science for policy».
Dan has yet to acknowledged is that the fossil record clearly
shows that the best value of the known feedbacks, whatever their «exact» values may be, are included in the IPCC's approximate estimate of the
climate sensitivity, and that this is strongly supported by the GCMs.
We
show elsewhere (8) that a forcing of 1.08 W / m2 yields a warming of 3/4 °C by 2050 in transient
climate simulations with a model having equilibrium
sensitivity of 3/4 °C per W / m2.
Finally, there is no good reason to widen the range, even though some studies have pointed to the possibility of higher
climate sensitivity — but as we have discussed here, they did not provide positive evidence for a higher
climate sensitivity, they merely
showed that the data constraints used were weak.
Mountain and subpolar glaciers
show an increase in
sensitivity to
climate warming and intensification of the water cycle.
http://arxiv.org/pdf/0804.1126 «Paleoclimate data
show that
climate sensitivity is 3 °C for doubled CO2, including only fast feedback processes.
And while you are at it, please explain why the ice core records
show a past
climate sensitivity of about 3 degrees C.
We
show that observed global warming is consistent with knowledge of changing
climate forcings, Earth's measured energy imbalance, and the canon - ical estimate of
climate sensitivity, i.e., about 3 ◦ C global warming for doubled atmospheric CO2.
If the influence of solar variability has been greatly underestimated, and the greater century - scale
climate variability
shown in some reconstructions is a) correct and b) due to that solar variability, then the
climate sensitivity could be the same (or less) then indicated by other reconstructions.
They
show that this places a strong constraint on our ability to determine a specific «true» value of
climate sensitivity, S.
In my briefings to the Association of Small Island States in Bali, the 41 Island Nations of the Caribbean, Pacific, and Indian Ocean (and later circulated to all member states), I pointed out that IPCC had seriously and systematically UNDERESTIMATED the extent of
climate change,
showing that the
sensitivity of temperature and sea level to CO2 clearly
shown by the past
climate record in coral reefs, ice cores, and deep sea sediments is orders of magnitude higher than IPCC's models.
Sensitivity analysis
shows that future fire potential depends on many factors such as
climate model and emission scenario used for
climate change projection.
The fact that even model versions with very high
climate sensitivities pass their test does not
show that the real world could have such high
climate sensitivity; it merely
shows that the test they use is not very selective.
A new large uncertainty analysis that appeared this week in Nature
shows that it is very difficult to get a
climate sensitivity below 2 ºC in a
climate model, no matter how one changes the parameters.
Additionally, there is little evidence that the rate of conversion of cloud water to rain actually changes with temperature, although Mauritsen and Stevens
show that incorporating the iris into the model does improve the model's simulations of some aspects of the
climate system (even though it doesn't change
climate sensitivity much).
For example, I'd draw your attention to Figure 9.7, p. 766, of Chapter 9 of AR5, which
shows significant differences in model performance, albeit not assessed in relation to
climate sensitivity.
Calculating a
climate sensitivity from the simulations that is directly comparable with that observed
shows both are consistent.
Therefore studies based on observed warming have underestimated
climate sensitivity as they did not account for the greater response to aerosol forcing, and multiple lines of evidence are now consistent in
showing that
climate sensitivity is in fact very unlikely to be at the low end of the range in recent estimates.
It's the same thing where some studies
show low
climate sensitivity and are outliers as well.
If
climate senstivity to CO2 is eventually
shown (rather than just assumed) to be close to the
sensitivity to solar, I think a case can then be made that the GHG attribution should be equal or higher than the solar attribution, despite the large uncertainty in our knowledge of the increase in solar forcing.
As such, this is one of the arguments which supports higher
climate sensitivity — in the 3C per doubling of CO2 range, although «per doubling of CO2» is just a metric, but it really means «3C per forcing equivalent to a doubling of CO2» (because, as this example
shows, the initial forcing can be something totally unrelated to CO2).
Second, one would have to
show that those non-GHG forcing mechanisms are operating today in such a way as to allow the recent warming to be matched despite a reduction in
climate sensitivity to GHG changes.
[T] here have now been several recent papers
showing much the same — numerous factors including: the increase in positive forcing (CO2 and the recent work on black carbon), decrease in estimated negative forcing (aerosols), combined with the stubborn refusal of the planet to warm as had been predicted over the last decade, all makes a high
climate sensitivity increasingly untenable.